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  • 1
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    Regional relationships between biological and hydrographical properties in the Weddell Gyre in late austral winter 1989 (1991)
    In:  EPIC3Marine Chemistry, 35, pp. 325-336
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-16
    Description: The surface layer properties of the Weddell Gyre were measured during a cruise of the RV 'Polarstern' in September and October 1989 on a transect between the tip of the Antarctic Peninsula (northwestern Weddell Sea) and Cape Norvegia (southeastern Weddell Sea). Sea ice cover, hydrography, and the distribution of inorganic nutrients and dissolved oxygen repre-sented late winter conditions: a quasi homogeneous Winter Water layer with near-freezing temperatures, high salinities and high levels of nitrate, and undersaturated with dis-solved oxygen.The area investi-gated could be divided into three regions based on the physical, chemical and biological patterns: the western and eastern flanks and the gyre interior. In all areas autotrophic biomass in sea ice was high in comparison to the un-derlying water column. With-in the sea ice mainly diatoms and dinoflagellates were pre-sent, but the dominant au-to-trophic organisms in the water column were nanoflagellates. Ammonia values were relatively high in the Winter Water layer in the central region indicating heterotrophic activity. Meso-zoo-plank-ton was dominated by copepods which can in turn be divided into two groups: overwintering, inactive Calanus acutus were found in the Warm Deep Water, whereas actively feeding Calanus propinquus were most abundant in the upper 120 m of the water column under the sea ice in the central region. These spatial differences may influence development of the respective sum-mer pelagic communities.
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Type: Article , isiRev
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  • 2
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    The nutrient status in sea ice of the Weddell Sea during winter effects of sea ice texture and algae (1991)
    In:  EPIC3Polar Biology, 11, pp. 449-456
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-17
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Type: Article , isiRev
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Structural studies on rhenium and tungsten halo trialkylphosphine, M2X4(PR3)4 compounds (M = rhenium, tungsten; X = Cl, Br; R = Me, n-Pr, n-Bu). The first examples of simple three-way disorder of dimetal units within ordered ligand cages (1990)
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    Inorganic chemistry 29 (1990), S. 4138-4143 
    Details
    ISSN: 1520-510X
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ic00345a045
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    THE CATALYTIC OXIDATION OF CARBON MONOXIDE.1 (1921)
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    Journal of the American Chemical Society 43 (1921), S. 1973-1982 
    Details
    ISSN: 1520-5126
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ja01442a001
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    In situ exudation of phlorotannins by the sublittoral kelp Ecklonia radiata (1994)
    Springer
    Marine biology 121 (1994), S. 349-354 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1793
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Exudation of phlorotannins (polyphenolics) was measured in situ from the sublittoral kelp Ecklonia radiata at two locations near Sydney, New South Wales, Australia during 1992–1993. Minimally disruptive techniques were used in which individual plants were enclosed within clear plastic bags in order to concentrate exudates. Rates of exudation from E. radiata were low relative to most previous studies, with a mean rate (averaged across four seasons and two sites) of 5.5 μg g (dry wt)-1 h-1. Exudation was greatest in summer and least in winter at one site, but there were no seasonal differences at a second, more protected site. There was no measurable diurnal variation in exudation rates. Exudation after a period of heavy storms was not significantly different from exudation during calm weather, but severe physical damage to the kelp did increase exudation. Our results suggest that exudation of phlorotannins in temperate Australian waters may be less ecologically important than has been suggested for coastal systems in the Northern Hemisphere.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00346744
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Studies on the uptake of cadmium by the crab Carcinus maenas in the laboratory. II. Preliminary investigation of cadmium-binding proteins (1979)
    Springer
    Marine biology 50 (1979), S. 141-149 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1793
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract All internally distributed water-soluble cadmium absorbed by the crab Carcinus maenas (L.), either from solution or from a food source, is associated with protein. Watersoluble extracts of the midgut gland, muscle, gill and remaining internal body tissues (the “rest”) have been separated chromatographically and the absorbed cadmium contents of separate protein fractions measured. In the midgut gland, “rest” and gill, cadmium is associated with protein of high (〉50,000) and low(〈6,000) molecular weight in proportion to the amount of protein present. In the muscle, cadmium is bound to high but not to low molecular weight proteins. In addition, two proteins with a high affinity for cadmium have been found with molecular weights of approximately 12,000 and 27,000. The larger cadmium-binding protein is found in the midgut gland and “rest” (probably the haemolymph), the smaller protein in the midgut gland, “rest” and muscle. A tentative model of the fate of water-soluble cadmium absorbed by the crab is proposed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00397819
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Studies on the uptake of cadmium by the crab Carcinus maenas in the laboratory. I. Accumulation from seawater and a food source (1979)
    Springer
    Marine biology 50 (1979), S. 131-139 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1793
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The crab Carcinus maenas (L.) was exposed to radioactively labelled cadmium dissolved in seawater at concentrations of 0.1, 1 and 10 ppm, the latter concentration being toxic to the crabs (50% mortality after 12.3 days). Net accumulation of cadmium from solution was proportional to the level and time period of cadmium exposure. Total absorbed cadmium levels reached 0.0043 and 0.0412 mg Cd g-1 dry weight after 40 days exposure to 0.1 and 1 ppm Cd, respectively, and 0.1115 mg Cd g-1 dry weight after 12.3 days average exposure to 10 ppm Cd. The highest tissue concentration was found in the midgut gland, reaching 0.786 mg Cd g-1 dry weight after 12.3 days average exposure to 10 ppm Cd. The midgut gland only contained about 10% of the total cadmium absorbed from solution, while the exoskeleton contained the bulk of obsorbed cadmium (59 to 80%) probably passively adsorbed onto the surface. When cadmium was absorbed by the crabs from a food source, the midgut gland contained 16.9% of the total absorbed cadmium whereas the exoskeleton now contained only 22.2%. Ten percent of the cadmium available in the food source (Artemia salina) was accumulated by the crabs. When placed in cadmium-free seawater, crabs that had accumulated cadmium from solution lost 69% of the absorbed cadmium in 10 days, mostly from the exoskeleton which lost 78% of its original absorbed cadmium concentration.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00397818
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Induced defensive responses by the bivalve Mytilus edulis to predators with different attack modes (2000)
    Springer
    Marine biology 136 (2000), S. 461-469 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1793
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Predators such as crabs, whelks, and sea stars attack their bivalve prey in different ways, and predator-induced defenses are an important means of protection. The degree to which induced defenses are specific to different predators, however, remains largely unknown. In laboratory experiments (June to August 1998), we raised mussels (Mytilus edulis L.) in the presence of a drilling predator [the whelk Nucella lapillus (L.)] or a crushing predator [the crab Carcinus maenas (L.)] to determine whether induced changes in prey shell thickness, size, or shape occurred and whether changes were predator-specific. Over a 2 month period, juvenile mussels were exposed to waterborne cues from actively feeding crabs or whelks. Mussels produced thicker shell lips in response to both predators relative to control mussels raised in their absence, and the difference was significantly greater in response to whelks than to crabs. Mussels exposed to whelks showed significantly smaller increases in shell length and width and total wet weight than did mussels exposed to crabs. Thus, there may be a trade-off between shell thickness and linear shell growth and a potential delay in attaining a size refuge from predation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002270050705
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Accumulation of cadmium by Artemia salina (1979)
    Springer
    Marine biology 51 (1979), S. 47-53 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1793
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The relative importance of accumulation of cadmium by Artemia salina (L.) directly from solution and from ingested food has been studied at 3 cadmium concentrations (0.1, 1 and 10 ppm) under controlled experimental conditions. At each cadmium concentration, A. salina were exposed to cadmium in 4 ways; in solution; in solution in the presence of latex “food” particles; in solution with cadmium-rich Dunaliella tertiolecta as a food source; and to cadmium-rich D. tertiolecta alone. Net accumulation of cadmium by A. salina continued throughout 5 days exposure under all 4 conditions. When the brine shrimp were removed to cadmium-free conditions, their accumulated cadmium concentrations declined and levelled off to a stabilised plateau after 10 days. From consideration of these stabilised levels it was shown that at least 30% of cadmium accumulation directly from solution occurs via uptake through the alimentary tract. The ratio of cadmium accumulated from solution to cadmium accumulated from food was found to be 1:4.9, 1:6.7 and 1:1.1 at 0.1, 1 and 10 ppm Cd exposure, respectively. At lower cadmium exposures uptake from food is the major route for cadmium accumulation, but at higher exposures the cadmium-saturated food source displaced cadmium-rich water from the gut and therefore actually inhibited cadmium accumulation. This study, therefore, concludes that the food chain will be the major source of cadmium as long as the previous trophic level has the ability to accumulate the metal to such an extent as to make it more available to the consumer than by direct uptake from seawater.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00389030
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Periodic Acid–Schiff Technique for the Demonstration of Extra- and Intra-cellular Stages of Gregarine and Coccidian Protozoa (1961)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 192 (1961), S. 473-474 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] In view of the potential value to the protozoologist of this use of the periodic acid-Schiff technique its effectiveness with other gregarine species and the related group of parasitic protozoa, the Coccidia, was investigated. In all cases every stage in the life-history gave a strong positive ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/192473a0
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