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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Richard K. Gershon December 24, 1932–July 11, 1983 (1983)
    Springer
    Immunogenetics 18 (1983), S. 555-558 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1211
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00345963
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    IgG-specific helper activity of t lymphocytes from mice lacking theIr-IgG gene (1976)
    Springer
    Immunogenetics 3 (1976), S. 393-400 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1211
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Cooperative interactions between T and B cells from the congenic inbred mouse strains B10.A(2R) and B10.A(4R) in antibody responses controlled byIr genes have been studied. Within theI region of the MHC, these strains share only theI-A subregion. TheIr gene controlling responsiveness to IgA maps in theI-A subregion, both strains being responders to IgA. T cells from 2R mice collaborate effectively with B cells from 2R or 4R mice for antihapten antibody responses to DNP-IgA. TheIr gene controlling responses to IgG maps in theI-B subregion, and 2R mice are nonresponders for this antigen. Nevertheless, 2R T cells primed with IgG can help responder (4R) B cells -but not syngeneic nonresponder (2R) B cells -in responding to DNP-IgG. These results indicate that mice lacking theIr-IgG gene nonetheless may develop helper T lymphocytes specific for myeloma proteins. In addition, they indicate that cells from congenic mice sharing only theA subregion of theI region can collaborate efficiently.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01576970
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The expression of I-Ed molecules in F1 hybrid mice detected with antigen-specific, I-Ed-restricted cloned T-cell lines (1984)
    Springer
    Immunogenetics 20 (1984), S. 311-319 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1211
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The expression of polymorphic determinants on I-E molecules is largely dependent on allelic variation in the E β chain. We have previously analyzed the expression of E β k and E β b chains in F1 hybrid mice by a combination of techniques, and have shown that functional variation detected by the responsiveness of cloned T-cell lines specific for these molecules correlates well with serological determination of E β expression. In the present study, we have extended our analysis to E β d expression in F1 hybrid mice. We show that E β d is relatively poorly expressed in three F1 combinations: H-2 d× H-2 b, H-2 d× H-2 s, and H-2 d× H-2 u. The former two crosses express E α chains from the H-2 dparent only; when recombinant strains carrying E β b or E β s and an active E α gene are used, E β d expression is significantly increased. On the other hand, H-2 umice synthesize E α chains; the poor expression of E β d chains in this F1 hybrid apparently reflects the strong preferential association of E β u chains with all E α molecules thus far analyzed. These results confirm that E β chains compete for binding to E α chains and that preferential association of different allelic forms of E β chains with E α chains is a generalized phenomenon. They also illustrate the importance of the rate of biosynthesis of Ia chains for cell-surface expression.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00364212
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    MHC recognition by clones of Mls specific T-lymphocytes (1982)
    Springer
    Immunogenetics 16 (1982), S. 243-255 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1211
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract To test whether M1s determinants, like other non-MHC or nominal antigens, are recognized by T-cells in association with H-2 determinants, the in vitro proliferative responses of T-cell lines and clones were studied. Lines and clones were prepared by soft agar cloning (B10.BR x BALB/c)F1 (H-2k/H-2d, M1sb/M1sb) T-cells responding in a primary MLR to AKD2F1 (H-2k/H-2d, M1sa/M1sa) stimulator cells. All the T-cell clones obtained could respond equally well in a proliferative assay to the Mlsa determinant in association with the H-2 haplotype of either parent, i. e., DBA/2 (H-2d, M1sa), and AKR (H-2k, M1sa) both stimulated equally well. When the T-cell lines and clones were screened against stimulators from recombinant inbred (RI) strains, it became apparent that strains exhibiting the H-2b, M1sa genotype stimulated poorly or not at all. This shows that the T-cell response to M1sa involves MHC recognition, and raises the possibility that the response to M1sa can involve recognition of H-2 specificities shared between the H-2 k and H-2 d haplotypes.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00343313
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    T lymphocytes responding to Mls-locus antigens are Lyt-1+, 2− andI-A restricted (1980)
    Springer
    Immunogenetics 10 (1980), S. 481-497 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1211
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract We have investigated primary and secondary responses of mouse splenic T cells to strong mixed lymphocyte stimulating antigens controlled by theMls locus using MHC-identical mixtures of cells. Our studies show that strong primaryMls-locus specific responses involve recognition of self I-A antigens, since BUdR and light suicide or F1 into parent radiation bone-marrow chimeras both demonstrate a preference of unprimed F1 T cells to respond to Mis-locus antigens associated with one parent's MHC antigens. Furthermore, conventional anti-I-A antisera and monoclonal anti-I-A antibody both inhibitMls-locus responses in an MHC-specific manner. Finally, as is typical of T cells responding to I-A antigens or to nominal antigens associated with self I-A,Mlslocus responses are mediated by Lyt-1+, 2− cells. One striking finding in these studies was the very high frequency of cells capable of responding to Mls-locus antigens, the highest being 1/300 splenic T cells. This plus evidence for recruitment during primaryMls-locus responses may account for reports of a lack ofI-A restriction in secondary anti-Mls locus responses to strong Mls-locus antigens, a finding with which we concur. The possibility that these secondary responses between noncongenic strains of mice may be directed at other genetic loci is also discussed. These experiments leave open the question of the biological role of theMls-locus and of the very large number of T cells reactive to it.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01572583
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Turnover of the Copper and Protein Moieties of Ceruloplasmin (1960)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 185 (1960), S. 693-693 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] Human ceruloplasmin isolated from pooled plasma3 was kindly supplied by Dr. I. H. Scheinberg. The protein moiety of an aliquot of the preparation was labelled with iodine- 131 at pL 6-8 using the nitrite method described elsewhere4. lodination did not alter the reactivity of the ceruloplasmin with ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/185693a0
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Immunoelectrophoretic Examination of Agammaglobulinæmia (1961)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 191 (1961), S. 1109-1110 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] The micromethod of Scheidegger was used for immunoelectrophoresis of sera from normal and agammaglobulinsemic individuals4. Electrophoresis was carried out for 3J hr., at 10 V./cm. in an agar gel containing a borate buffer of 0-1 ionic strength at pH. 8-6. Following electrophoresis, horse antiserum ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/1911109a0
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A TRIP THROUGH MY LIFE WITH AN IMMUNOLOGICAL THEME (2002)
    Palo Alto, Calif. : Annual Reviews
    Annual Review of Immunology 20 (2002), S. 1-28 
    Details
    ISSN: 0732-0582
    Source: Annual Reviews Electronic Back Volume Collection 1932-2001ff
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: In this essay, I make four points about the operation of the immune system. First, thanks to the innate immune system's regulation of the main costimulatory molecules CD80 and CD86, the immune system rarely mistakes a pathogen for a self-antigen. Second, the adaptive immune system consisting of T lymphocytes and B lymphocytes can mistake self for non-self because adaptive immunity is selected in single somatic cells. Third, the adaptive immune system of T lymphocytes and B lymphocytes is always referential to self, as it is selected on self-ligands; it persists in the periphery on self-ligands; and at least for T cells, it is dependent on self-ligands to be able to mount a response. Fourth, it is becoming clear that regulatory or suppressor T cells are our main defense against autoimmunity, as my first boss, Richard Gershon, had predicted. These cells recognize antigen as do all T cells, but they secrete the immunoregulatory cytokines IL-10 and TGFbeta.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev.immunol.20.080801.102422
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    RICK/Rip2/CARDIAK mediates signalling for receptors of the innate and adaptive immune systems (2002)
    [s.l.] : Macmillian Magazines Ltd.
    Nature 416 (2002), S. 194-199 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] The immune system consists of two evolutionarily different but closely related responses, innate immunity and adaptive immunity. Each of these responses has characteristic receptors—Toll-like receptors (TLRs) for innate immunity and antigen-specific receptors for adaptive immunity. Here ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/416194a
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    INNATE IMMUNE RECOGNITION (2002)
    Palo Alto, Calif. : Annual Reviews
    Annual Review of Immunology 20 (2002), S. 197-216 
    Details
    ISSN: 0732-0582
    Source: Annual Reviews Electronic Back Volume Collection 1932-2001ff
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The innate immune system is a universal and ancient form of host defense against infection. Innate immune recognition relies on a limited number of germline-encoded receptors. These receptors evolved to recognize conserved products of microbial metabolism produced by microbial pathogens, but not by the host. Recognition of these molecular structures allows the immune system to distinguish infectious nonself from noninfectious self. Toll-like receptors play a major role in pathogen recognition and initiation of inflammatory and immune responses. Stimulation of Toll-like receptors by microbial products leads to the activation of signaling pathways that result in the induction of antimicrobial genes and inflammatory cytokines. In addition, stimulation of Toll-like receptors triggers dendritic cell maturation and results in the induction of costimulatory molecules and increased antigen-presenting capacity. Thus, microbial recognition by Toll-like receptors helps to direct adaptive immune responses to antigens derived from microbial pathogens.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev.immunol.20.083001.084359
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