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  • 1
    Publication Date: 2008-03-01
    Description: Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a fatal motor neuron disorder characterized pathologically by ubiquitinated TAR DNA binding protein (TDP-43) inclusions. The function of TDP-43 in the nervous system is uncertain, and a mechanistic role in neurodegeneration remains speculative. We identified neighboring mutations in a highly conserved region of TARDBP in sporadic and familial ALS cases. TARDBPM337V segregated with disease within one kindred and a genome-wide scan confirmed that linkage was restricted to chromosome 1p36, which contains the TARDBP locus. Mutant forms of TDP-43 fragmented in vitro more readily than wild type and, in vivo, caused neural apoptosis and developmental delay in the chick embryo. Our evidence suggests a pathophysiological link between TDP-43 and ALS.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Sreedharan, Jemeen -- Blair, Ian P -- Tripathi, Vineeta B -- Hu, Xun -- Vance, Caroline -- Rogelj, Boris -- Ackerley, Steven -- Durnall, Jennifer C -- Williams, Kelly L -- Buratti, Emanuele -- Baralle, Francisco -- de Belleroche, Jacqueline -- Mitchell, J Douglas -- Leigh, P Nigel -- Al-Chalabi, Ammar -- Miller, Christopher C -- Nicholson, Garth -- Shaw, Christopher E -- G0500289/Medical Research Council/United Kingdom -- G0501573/Medical Research Council/United Kingdom -- G0600974/Medical Research Council/United Kingdom -- Medical Research Council/United Kingdom -- Wellcome Trust/United Kingdom -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2008 Mar 21;319(5870):1668-72. doi: 10.1126/science.1154584. Epub 2008 Feb 28.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Clinical Neuroscience, King's College London, Medical Research Council (MRC) Centre for Neurodegeneration Research, and Institute of Psychiatry, London, SE5 8AF, UK.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18309045" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adult ; Amino Acid Sequence ; Amino Acid Substitution ; Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis/*genetics ; Animals ; Apoptosis ; CHO Cells ; Chick Embryo ; Chromosomes, Human, Pair 1/genetics ; Cricetinae ; Cricetulus ; DNA-Binding Proteins/chemistry/*genetics/physiology ; Embryonic Development ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Microsatellite Repeats ; Middle Aged ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Mutant Proteins/chemistry/physiology ; *Mutation, Missense ; Neurons/cytology/physiology
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 2
    Publication Date: 2018-12-17
    Description: Padmakumar B, Sreekanth NP, Shanthiprabha V, Paul J, Sreedharan K, Augustine T, Jayasooryan KK, Rameshan M, Mohan M, Ramasamy EV, Thomas AP TREE BIOMASS AND CARBON DENSITY ESTIMATION IN THE TROPICAL DRY FOREST OF SOUTHERN WESTERN GHATS, INDIA Abstract : United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change highlights the significance of carbon storage and emission in forests towards climate change mitigation. The aim of this study was to quantify the tree biomass and carbon density (carbon storage) in the tropical dry forest of the Chinnar Wildlife Sanctuary of Kerala located in the Southern Western Ghats, India. We investigated the species-wise contribution of carbon (C) storage, as well as the species-wise and plot-wise correlation between carbon and other dendrometric variables. We also analysed the girth (diameter) wise distribution of carbon and tree density in the study region. The study was conducted in eight selected sample plots of the region, each with an area of 0.1 hectare. Species-specific volume and specific gravity relationship coupled with suitable regression equation were used to estimate biomass. Tree carbon was assumed to be 47% of the biomass. The results showed that the average biomass and carbon density of the vegetation were 64.13 t ha-1 and 30.46 t-C ha-1, respectively. Among the 32 species identified, Tamarindus indica L. (17%), Hardwickia binata Roxb. (14%), Terminalia arjuna (Roxb. ex DC.) Wight & Arn (10%) and Pleiospermium alatum (Wight & Arn.) Swingle (10%) were dominant as for carbon storage. The correlation analysis showed that basal area is a good predictor of tree biomass and carbon, while the role of tree density and tree diversity remain uncertain in determining carbon storage. With respect to diametric class distribution, tree density showed a reverse J-shaped pattern indicating the sustainable regeneration of the analysed forest, where the small- (diameter at breast height 3-9 cm) to medium-sized trees (diameter at breast height 10-69 cm) were found to contribute to more than 50% of biomass and carbon in the forest. The study provides useful information for carbon mitigation strategies in a tropical dry forest in the Southern Western Ghats. Keywords : Above Ground Tree Biomass, Carbon, Tropical Dry Forest, Kerala, Southern Western Ghats iForest 11 (4): 534-541 (2018) - doi: 10.3832/ifor2190-011 http://iforest.sisef.org/contents/?id=ifor2190-011
    Electronic ISSN: 1971-7458
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
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  • 3
    Publication Date: 2009-03-03
    Description: Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a fatal neurodegenerative disease that is familial in 10% of cases. We have identified a missense mutation in the gene encoding fused in sarcoma (FUS) in a British kindred, linked to ALS6. In a survey of 197 familial ALS index cases, we identified two further missense mutations in eight families. Postmortem analysis of three cases with FUS mutations showed FUS-immunoreactive cytoplasmic inclusions and predominantly lower motor neuron degeneration. Cellular expression studies revealed aberrant localization of mutant FUS protein. FUS is involved in the regulation of transcription and RNA splicing and transport, and it has functional homology to another ALS gene, TARDBP, which suggests that a common mechanism may underlie motor neuron degeneration.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4516382/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4516382/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Vance, Caroline -- Rogelj, Boris -- Hortobagyi, Tibor -- De Vos, Kurt J -- Nishimura, Agnes Lumi -- Sreedharan, Jemeen -- Hu, Xun -- Smith, Bradley -- Ruddy, Deborah -- Wright, Paul -- Ganesalingam, Jeban -- Williams, Kelly L -- Tripathi, Vineeta -- Al-Saraj, Safa -- Al-Chalabi, Ammar -- Leigh, P Nigel -- Blair, Ian P -- Nicholson, Garth -- de Belleroche, Jackie -- Gallo, Jean-Marc -- Miller, Christopher C -- Shaw, Christopher E -- 078662/Wellcome Trust/United Kingdom -- G0300329/Medical Research Council/United Kingdom -- G0500289/Medical Research Council/United Kingdom -- G0501573/Medical Research Council/United Kingdom -- G0600676/Medical Research Council/United Kingdom -- G0600974/Medical Research Council/United Kingdom -- G0900688/Medical Research Council/United Kingdom -- MC_G1000733/Medical Research Council/United Kingdom -- Medical Research Council/United Kingdom -- Wellcome Trust/United Kingdom -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2009 Feb 27;323(5918):1208-11. doi: 10.1126/science.1165942.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Clinical Neuroscience, King's College London, Medical Research Council (MRC) Centre for Neurodegeneration Research, Institute of Psychiatry, London SE5 8AF, UK.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19251628" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Age of Onset ; Amino Acid Sequence ; Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis/*genetics/metabolism/pathology ; Animals ; Brain/pathology ; Cell Line ; Cell Nucleus/metabolism ; Cytoplasm/metabolism ; DNA-Binding Proteins/analysis/genetics/metabolism ; Female ; Humans ; Inclusion Bodies/chemistry/ultrastructure ; Male ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Motor Neurons/metabolism ; *Mutation, Missense ; Pedigree ; RNA-Binding Protein FUS/analysis/*genetics/*metabolism ; Rats ; Spinal Cord/pathology ; Transfection
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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