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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Characterization of isolates derived from single resting spores of Plasmodiophora brassicae and studies of their interaction (1982)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Plant pathology 31 (1982), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-3059
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: A technique for inoculation of Brassica seedlings with single resting spores of Plasmodiophora brassicae is described. Three isolates derived from single spores were produced from one population of P. brassicae. They gave different reactions with the European Clubroot Differential (ECD) series, and two gave different reactions from those of the spore suspensions from which they were derived. When two isolates were mixed together, spores of one isolate restricted infection by spores of the other isolate.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3059.1982.tb01274.x
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The inheritance of specific virulence in Bremia lactucae (downy mildew) to match resistance factors 1, 2, 4, 6 and 11 in Lactuca sativa (lettuce) (1983)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Plant pathology 32 (1983), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-3059
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: The inheritance of specific virulence in Bremia lactucae was studied by hybridizing two isolates which differed in their virulence on host cultivars carrying the resistance factors R1, R2, R4, R6 and R11. Avirulence on R1, R2, R4 and R11 was dominant to virulence and the segregation conformed to that expected for alleles at single loci, although reactions on R4 were not always dearly defined. The loci conditioning avirulence on R2 and R11 were probably linked. It was difficult to classify the reactions of isolates on R6 and the ratios obtained could not readily be interpreted in Mendelian terms. Since no segregation was observed for reaction on R3, R5, R7, R8, R9 and R10 it was concluded that the genes determining virulence on these factors occurred at the same loci in both isolates, Sexual compatibility type (B1 and B2) segregated with a ratio of 1:1.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3059.1983.tb01317.x
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Factors affecting tests for differential pathogenicity in populations of Plasmodiophora brassicae (1982)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Plant pathology 31 (1982), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-3059
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Factors affecting the use of the European Clubroot Differential (ECD) series for determining the differential pathogenicity of Plasmodiophora brassicae were studied. Replicate tests made with one collection of P. brassicae did not give consistent results. Collections were shown to be heterogeneous for differential pathogenicity. Selection of components of a collection occurred during passage through a range of differential host cultivars. ECD host 06 was shown not to be uniform. There was a linear relationship between the logarithm of spore concentration in the inoculum used in tests and the incidence of disease, and some ECD hosts required a higher concentration of spores than others to give the same incidence of disease. The implications of these findings for the future use of the ECD series are discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3059.1982.tb01273.x
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The inheritance of virulence in Bremia lactucae to match resistance factors 3, 4, 5, 6, 8, 9, 10 and 11 in lettuce (Lactuca sativa) (1984)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Plant pathology 33 (1984), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-3059
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: The inheritance of virulence in Bremia lactucae to match specific resistance factors in lettuce was studied by crossing heterothallic isolates of B. lactucae. Avirulence seemed to be dominant to virulence. Although virulence to some R-factors was inherited at a single locus, thus supporting the hypothesis of a gene-for-gene interaction between B. lactucae and L. sativa, inheritance of virulence to other R-factors was more complex. Two loci seemed to determine virulence to R11; the determinants of virulence to R5, R8 and R10 were either closely linked or allelic; virulence to these loci appeared to be epistatic to virulence to match R9. Virulence to R4 probably involved the interaction of two loci, one of which inhibited avirulence. Determinants of fitness of B. lactucae and possibly genes of minor effect modifying specific virulence factors also segregated. These studies emphasized the potential variability in B. lactucae and implied that isolates should not be assigned to distinct races.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3059.1984.tb01325.x
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Botanical collections at risk (1994)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 371 (1994), S. 9-9 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] SIR - We wish to draw your readers' attention to the outcome of an important conference held by UNESCO and the International Council of Scientific Unions (ICSU) at the Komarov Botanical Institute in St Petersburg in December 1993. Among other things, the status and the future of botanical ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/371009a0
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Hypersensitivity as the primary event in resistance to fungal parasites (1974)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 249 (1974), S. 186-187 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] FIG. 1 Diagrammatic representation of the development of a compatible race (W2) and an incompatible race (W5) of Bremia lactucae in the lettuce cultivar Avondefiance. Primary and secondary vesicles are drawn to scale, measurements being derived from the means of ten replicates. Shading represents ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/249186a0
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    In defence of taxonomy (1990)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 347 (1990), S. 224-224 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] SIR-The Commentary by Clifford et al. is irresponsible and thoughtless. The authors say that accurate identification of taxa is of prime importance to most biolo-gical research, but they devalue the importance of herbarium specimens (ex-cept type specimens) as the basis for all botanical ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/347224a0
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Reversion of Texas male-sterile cytoplasm maize in culture to give fertile, T-toxin resistant plants (1980)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 57 (1980), S. 55-58 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: Zea mays L. ; T-toxin ; Texas male-sterility ; Tissue culture ; Mitochondria
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary Plants carrying Texas male-sterile (Tms) cytoplasm are normally sensitive to Drechslera maydis T-toxin. Tissue cultures were initiated from immature embryos of maize carrying Tms-cytoplasm, and plants were regenerated after selection for resistance to T-toxin. Fertile, T-toxin resistant plants were obtained from the unselected control cultures as well as from the selected material. In addition, one regenerant from an unselected culture was fertile and T-toxin sensitive. The progeny of the regenerants showed the phenotype of the female parent with respect to pollen-fertility, and T-toxin resistance. The data are consistent with the heritable changes observed being the result of the expression of an altered mitochondrial genome.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00277764
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Phytotoxins as tools in breeding and selection of disease-resistant plants (1991)
    Springer
    Cellular and molecular life sciences 47 (1991), S. 811-819 
    Details
    ISSN: 1420-9071
    Keywords: Resistance of plants to diseases ; plant pathogenic fungi ; in vitro culture and selection of resistant plants ; phytotoxins
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Conventional plant breeding for resistance to pathogens, although successful, is in many cases still too slow to keep pace with pathogen adaptation, and suffers from the lack of genetic variability in cultivated varieties. Phytotoxins, because of their role in disease development, have been proposed as convenient markers for early screening of resistant genotypes and as selective agents for in vitro selection. The present review summarizes, firstly, the evidence for a genetic correlation between tolerance to toxins and resistance to pathogens, with particular reference to host-selective toxins (HST) and factors affecting early screening. There follows a discussion of results obtained from the use of phytotoxins for in vitro selection of resistant plants. The conclusion is drawn that this practice, while potentially useful in the case of HST, leads to contradictory results when ill-defined toxins or culture filtrates are used. Finally, prospects for future research are adumbrated.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01922461
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Lunar orbit determination in the presence of unmodeled accelerations (1974)
    Springer
    Celestial mechanics and dynamical astronomy 9 (1974), S. 191-211 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-9478
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract A technique for estimating the state of an artificial satellite in the presence of unmodeled accelerations is presented. The unmodeled acceleration is approximated by a first-order Gauss-Markov sequence which can be separated into a timewise correlated component and a purely random component. Using this approximation, a sequential procedure for estimating the position, velocity, and the unmodeled acceleration is developed. The method is evaluated by reducing range-rate observations obtained by tracking the Apollo 10 and 11 spacecraft during the lunar orbit phase of the mission. Numerical results are presented which show that the observation residual pattern lies within the observation noise standard deviation. The values of the estimated components of the unmodeled acceleration are repeatable from orbit to orbit within a given mission and from mission to mission when the same ground track is covered. Finally, the variation in the radial component of the unmodeled acceleration shows a high correlation with the reported location of the lunar surface mascons.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01260513
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