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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Alteration of the genomic composition of Solanum nigrum (+) potato backcross derivatives by somatic hybridization: selection of fusion hybrids by DNA measurements and GISH (2001)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Plant breeding 120 (2001), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1439-0523
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Fusion experiments were performed with a first (BC1-6738) and a second (BC2-9017) generation backcross hybrid of 6x Solarium nigrum (+) 2x potato somatic hybrids with potato cultivars. Because no progeny was obtained from the BC2 genotypes, alternative approaches were sought to overcome the sexual crossing barrier. Five potato genotypes, one of which contains the hygromycin resistance gene, were used in the fusion experiments. All vigorous regenerants were used for the estimation of nuclear DNA content using flow cytometry. Plants with a DNA content higher than that of the BC1-6738 or BC2 genotypes were considered potential somatic hybrids. Forty-nine potential somatic hybrids resulted from fusion experiments with BC1-6738, from which 20 grew vigorously in the greenhouse and flowered. After pollination with several 4x potato cultivars, eight genotypes produced seeded berries and five genotypes gave seedless berries. In addition, 11 of these 13 somatic hybrids were selected for genomic in situ hybridization (GISH) analysis to determine their genomic composition. Nine had exactly or approximately the expected number of 36 S. nigrum and 60 potato chromosomes. In one genotype, only 22 instead of 36 S. nigrum chromosomes were found and one potato chromosome was possibly missing. Only five potential somatic hybrids were detected among the 79 regenerants from BC2-9017 (+) 2x potato fusion experiments that were analysed by flow cytometry. Two of these hybrids were rather vigorous and did flower, but pollinations with potato have not yet set any berries.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1439-0523.2001.00591.x
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Origin of an alien disomic addition with an aberrant homologue of chromosome-10 of tomato and its meiotic behaviour in a potato background revealed through GISH (1999)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 98 (1999), S. 1263-1271 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: Key wordsSolanum tuberosum ; Lycopersicon esculentum ; Disomic additions ; Deletion ; GISH ; FISH
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract  While characterising potato (Solanum tuberosum, 2n=4x=48) clones with alien tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum) chromosome additions, a single addition for chromosome-10 of tomato was identified through restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) analysis. This plant, 2101–1, was a BC2 derivative from a cross between a potato (+) tomato fusion hybrid backcrossed to potato. Cytological analysis of its somatic chromosomes through genomic in situ hybridisation (GISH) indicated the presence of four genomes of potato with two alien tomato chromosomes, of which one was much smaller than the other. Analysis of chromosome pairing at the pachytene and metaphase-I stages of microsporogenesis indicated that the large and small chromosomes were homologues. Thus, it was a disomic addition for chromosome-10 of tomato. The size difference was found to be due to a deletion. Fluorescent in situ hybridisation (FISH) experiments, using the telomeric repeat pAtT4 from Arabidopsis thaliana and the sub-telomeric repeat TGRI, showed intact telomeres and sub-telomeres for both alien chromosomes. Thus, the deletion that the smaller of the homologues suffered was interstitial and most probably occurred in the centromeric heterochromatic region of the long arm. The pattern of distribution of large and small chromosomes to telophase-II nuclei during microsporogenesis indicated that the deletion did not affect the meiotic behaviour of the smaller chromosome. In contrast, the frequencies of transmission of the large and the small chromosomes through the female parent, estimated in 96 BC3 progeny of plants by RFLP and GISH analyses, appeared to be very different, 69.2% and 3.8% respectively. This study also provides evidence that two different chromatids of a pair of homologues, rather than two chromatids of a single chromosome, are most likely to be involved in the origin of a disomic. The aberrant chromosome can be used for the physical mapping of chromosome-10.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s001220051192
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Isolation and characterization of potato-tomato somatic hybrids using an amylose-free potato mutant as parental genotype (1992)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 85 (1992), S. 159-164 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: Solanum tuberosum ; Lycopersicon esculentum ; Protoplast fusion ; Amylose-free potato
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary Using different genotypes of tomato and diploid potato, possessing alien selectable markers as well as endogenous markers, very high frequencies of protoplast fusion hybrids were obtained. One endogenous genetic marker, the amylose-free (amf) mutant of potato, was helpful not only for the confirmation of fusion products but also for the study of genetic complementation and the segregation of amylose-free starch in microspores. Cytological analysis of the fusion hybrids indicated that except for one which was hexaploid, all of them had a perfectly balanced chromosome number of allotetraploid constitution (2n = 4x = 48). Despite normal chromosome pairing and a diploid behaviour, the microspores in some of the fusion hybrids segregated for the recessive amf-locus. This anomalous segregation of a recessive character in these hybrids was shown not to be due to chromosome elimination or to the absence of the wild-type tomato Amf gene. Although all fusion hybrids were totally sterile, the hexaploid produced stainable pollen and berries with badly developed seeds. Embryo rescue has so far failed to produce backcross progeny.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00222854
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The first and second backcross progeny of the intergeneric fusion hybrids of potato and tomato after crossing with potato (1994)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 88 (1994), S. 181-186 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: Protoplast fusion ; Potato ; Tomato ; Post-fertilisation barriers ; Introgression
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Somatic fusion hybrids between the diploid potato and tomato were backcrossed to several genotypes of potato. Two ploidy levels of fusion hybrids, 4x and 6x, were used as female parents in backcrosses with five clones of 4x-potato. An estimate of the berry set and “seed set” in immature berries harvested 14–21 days after pollination indicated that crosses between certain combinations of 6x-fusion hybrids and male parents were more successful than others. The culture of over 4000 young seeds from berries harvested 2–2.5 weeks after pollination gave rise to a single seedling, 93.6701, from the cross between the 6x-fusion hybrid C 31-17-1 and the 4x-potato AM 66.42. This seedling was found to possess a pentaploid chromosome number, which was expected of a 6x × 4x cross. Isozyme analysis and DNA hybridisation studies confirmed that the seedling 93.6701 was indeed a backcross (BC1) progeny. Morphologically, this BC1 plant resembled potato with respect to plant habit, leaf shape, stolons and tuber characteristics, while some of the characters, such as floral morphology and the fragrance of the crushed leaves (typical of tomato), were intermediate. It was male sterile but could be successfully hybridized with 4x-potato through in vitro culture of yound seeds; thus, BC2 plants were obtained. The possibilities of backcrossing and the potential use of BC1 and BC2 plants in genetics and breeding are discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00225895
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Autotetraploids and genetic mapping using common AFLP markers: the R2 allele conferring resistance to Phytophthora infestans mapped on potato chromosome 4 (1998)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 96 (1998), S. 1121-1128 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: Key words Tetrasomic inheritance ; Solanum tuberosum ; AFLP ; Bulked segregant analysis ; R2 resistance gene
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract  Due to the complexity of tetrasomic inheritance, mapping studies in potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) are generally conducted at the diploid level. In the present study we tested the feasibility of Bulked Segregant Analysis (BSA) using a tetraploid offspring for the identification of AFLP markers linked to the R2 allele, which confers race-specific resistance to Phytophthora infestans. Eleven bulk-specific AFLP markers, detected in fingerprints of 205 AFLP primer combinations, could be mapped in a linkage group encompassing the R2 locus. The efficiency of BSA at the tetraploid level, determined by the frequency of single-dose restriction fragments (SDRF), was much higher than expected on the basis of overall genetic dissimilarity between the parental clones. The fortuitous detection of AFLPs with linkage to the R2 allele is explained on the basis of specific genetic dissimilarity between cultivated potato and the chromosomal segment introgressed from S. demissum carrying the resistant R2 allele. AFLP markers common to those with linkage to R2 were visually recognized by their electrophoretic mobility in the AFLP fingerprint in a parental clone of a reference mapping population. Using these common AFLP markers we anchored the linkage group comprising the R2 allele to potato chromosome 4.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s001220050847
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Transmission of alien tomato chromosomes from BC1 to BC2 progenies derived from backcrossing potato (+) tomato fusion hybrids to potato: the selection of single additions for seven different tomato chromosomes (1998)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 96 (1998), S. 155-163 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: Key words Solanum tuberosum ; Lycopersicon esculentum ; Protoplast fusion ; Monosomic additions ; GISH ; FISH
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract  By backcrossing three BC1 genotypes of potato (+) tomato fusion hybrids to different tetraploid potato pollinators, BC2 populations were produced. A combined total of 97 BC2 plants from three BC2 populations were analysed with chromosome-specific probes through restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) for the presence of alien tomato chromosomes. The number of different alien tomato chromosomes transmitted through the female BC1 parent ranged from 0 to 6, and the average number of different alien chromosomes transmitted per BC2 plant varied between 1.7 and 3.4 in the different populations. This variation corresponded to the chromosome constitution of the individual BC1 parents: parent 6739, which possessed 11 different alien chromosomes in a single condition, gave rise to progeny with a lower average number of alien chromosomes per plant than the BC1 parent 2003 that possessed 2 of the 12 alien chromosomes in a disomic condition. In the latter case, the higher transmission rate was attributed to the more regular distribution of the two alien chromosomes in the disomic condition because of regular bivalent formation during meiosis as revealed by genomic in situ hybridisation (GISH) and fluorescent in situ hybridisation (FISH). The transmission frequencies of individual alien chromosomes were subjected to statistical analysis to test whether the maternal genotypes had an effect on alien-chromosome transmission. Among the BC2 plants, a total of 27 single additions were detected for as many as seven different chromosomes (1, 2, 4, 6, 8, 10 and 12) out of the 12 possible types.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s001220050722
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Production of potato monohaploids (2n=x=12) through prickle pollination (1987)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 73 (1987), S. 751-758 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: Monohaploids ; Prickle pollination ; Gynogenesis ; Solanum ; Potato
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary Data are presented on the potential of gynogenesis for the production of monohaploids and on factors affecting their frequency and relative vigour. Diploid Solanum tuberosum L. and S. tuberosumxS. phureja Juz et Buk hybrids were used as maternal parents and selected S. phureja clones as prickle pollinators with embryo-spot and nodal band as dominant seed and plant marker. About 2 million seeds were screened for absence of embryo-spot. After raising plants from phenotypically spotless seeds, further screening for absence of nodal bands and for ploidy level was carried out. Finally more than 500 monohaploid plants from three genetically different groups of maternal parents were obtained. Frequency and vigour of the monohaploids were clearly dependent on their maternal genotypes. The data also indicated an effect of the pollinator genotype, the physiological stage of the maternal plant and the environment on monohaploid frequency. On the basis of these results the possibility of breeding for a higher monohaploid production rate and for more stable and vigorous monohaploids is discussed. Furthermore, gynogenesis and androgenesis are compared. It is suggested that both should be used in order to obtain monohaploids from sufficiently various diploid breeding material.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00260786
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Introduction of an amylose-free (amf) mutant into breeding of cultivated potato, Solanum tuberosum L. (1991)
    Springer
    Euphytica 53 (1991), S. 247-253 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5060
    Keywords: Solanum tuberosum ; potato ; amylose-free mutant ; unreduced gametes ; analytic breeding ; desynapsis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Summary Using an amylose-free (amf)mutant of diploid potato (Solanum tuberosum), diploid and tetraploid clones with different genotypes at the amf-locus were produced. In order to make use of the diploid material in analytic breeding of amf-potatoes, clones were selected that produced a considerable frequencies of 2n-pollen and 2n-eggs. Successful attempts were made to select normal synaptic as well as desynaptic clones producing 2n-gametes. Based on the phenotype of starch in the microspores, tetraploid clones with nulliplex, simplex and duplex genotypes at the amf-locus were selected. Prospects of using this material in conventional as well as in analytic breeding of potato are discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00023276
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Isolation and characterisation of somatic hybrids of diploid Solanum tuberosum and Solanum brevidens and the use of amylose-free starch mutation for detection of introgression (1993)
    Springer
    Euphytica 69 (1993), S. 191-201 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5060
    Keywords: interspecific somatic hybridisation ; male and female fertility ; meiotic recombination ; potato ; Solanum brevidens ; Solanum tuberosum
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Summary Somatic hybrids of diploid amylose-free (amf) Solanum tuberosum and diploid S. brevidens were made by Poly-Ethylene-Glycol (PEG) or electrofusion methods. For the isolation of interspecific hybrids the use of selection markers (kanamycin and hygromycin resistance) was useful but not essential. In this 2x+2x interspecific combination 4x and 6x somatic hybrids were obtained. Seed set was the best in 4x×4x (S. tuberosum) backcrosses, but seed germination was the best in 6x×4x combinations, using in vitro germination of unripe seeds harvested 25 days after pollination. A high degree of pollen stainability (30–40%) was observed in 7 tetraploid hybrids and very low in all hexaploids. After iodine staining, the recessive amf marker was expressed by a red colour instead of blue, visible in starch-containing cells like columella cells of root tips, (micro)tubers or microspores. As expected, complementation was observed in starch-containing cells of the fusion hybrids. Segregation of the amf marker was clearly observed in microspores of 4x and 6x hybrids. Segregation ratios in the 4x hybrids showed variable recombination frequencies. In the backcross progeny of hexaploid F12-5 with a tetraploid amf mutant one amylose-free recombinant among 67 plants was found, indicating the occurrence of meiotic recombination in the megaspore mother cells.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00022365
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Analysis of dihaploid induction and production ability and seed parent x pollinator interaction in potato (1993)
    Springer
    Euphytica 72 (1993), S. 61-64 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5060
    Keywords: dihaploid potato induction ; pseudogamy ; Solanum tuberosum L.
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Summary The production of dihaploids is the first step in a potato breeding program at the diploid level. Dihaploid induction ability, dihaploid production ability and seed parent x pollinator interaction were analyzed for 28 × 3, seed parent x pollinator combinations. This is the first report on significant interaction between seed parents and pollinators. Despite this interaction, IVP 101 had a significantly higher dihaploid induction ability than the widely used pollinators IVP 35 and IVP 48. Previous findings on significant differences in dihaploid production ability between seed parents were clearly confirmed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00023773
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