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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The Structural and Optical Properties of Zinc Oxide Thin Films Deposited on PET Substrate by r.f. Magnetron Sputtering (2007)
    s.l. ; Stafa-Zurich, Switzerland
    Solid state phenomena Vol. 121-123 (Mar. 2007), p. 971-974 
    Details
    ISSN: 1662-9779
    Source: Scientific.Net: Materials Science & Technology / Trans Tech Publications Archiv 1984-2008
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The transparent conducting films have been investigated extensively because of theirexcellent electrical and optical properties in many applications. For producing the LCD (LiquidCrystal Displays) and OLED (Organic Light-Emitting Diode), the transparent conductive films aremainly deposited on the glass. Using the plastic substrate has the advantages of low cost,light-weighted, and flexible characteristics; it is considered as the candidate substrate material forthe portable and flexible LCD. The surface roughness measured by AFM was in the range2.63~11.1nm. The result shows that the crystallite size increases with increasing the r.f. power. Themicrostructure of ZnO film has a proud (002) orientation. The average transmittance of ZnO filmcan be obtained over 80% in the visible spectrum. The lowest resistivity obtained is 4.0×10-3ohm-cm. The adhesion between ZnO films and PET substrate is good because there is no separateobserved in this study
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://www.tib-hannover.de/fulltexts/2011/0528/02/23/transtech_doi~10.4028%252Fwww.scientific.net%252FSSP.121-123.971.pdf
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Texture formation in titanium nitride films prepared by chemical vapor deposition (1996)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 79 (1996), S. 8047-8053 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The 〈100〉, 〈110〉, and 〈211〉 textured TiN films were obtained in a chemical vapor deposition system using TiCl4, N2, and H2 as reaction gases. The microstructure of these textured films was investigated by scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy. The results show that the 〈211〉, 〈110〉, and 〈100〉 textured films consist of laminated twinned grains, multiply twinned grains, and nearly thermodynamic equilibrium grains respectively at the growing stage. The formation of these textures is discussed based on nucleation and growth mechanisms. At a lower deposition temperature with higher nitrogen concentration, the decahedral multiply twinned and laminated twinned crystals dominate over crystals with single crystalline structure. After competitive growth of these crystals, the multiply twinned crystals with 〈110〉 twin axis perpendicular to substrate surface survive. At an intermediate deposition temperature with lower nitrogen concentration, the laminated twinned crystals dominate the growth and the 〈211〉 orientation along the (111) twin planes possesses the fastest growth rate and form 〈211〉 textured films. At a higher deposition temperature above 1200 °C, the single crystalline structure dominates and forms 〈100〉 textured films. The effect of surface adsorption on texture formation is discussed. © 1996 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.362358
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effects of Coffee-Bean-Like Morphology and Graded Interlayer on Texture Evolution of Plasma-Enhanced Chemical-Vapor-Deposited Ti-C-N Films (2002)
    Westerville, Ohio : American Ceramics Society
    Journal of the American Ceramic Society 85 (2002), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1551-2916
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Titanium nitride (TiN), titanium carbide (TiC), and titanium carbonitride (TiCxN1−x) were prepared by plasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposition. A graded interlayer was introduced to explore its effects on the texture of the TiC and TiN. The results showed that the topography of the TiCxN1−x, which resembled coffee beans, resulted from a twinning core structure that caused the dendritic grain shape and enhanced the 〈211〉 texture of TiC0.62·N0.38and TiC0.75·N0.25. As graded coating was used as a transition layer, the texture of TiC was changed from (220) to (200), and TiN was changed from (200) to (220) due to the pseudomorphic forces provided by the first layer plus graded layer. The residual stress contributions to this phenomenon are also discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1151-2916.2002.tb00143.x
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Kinetics of Electrophoretic Deposition for Nanocrystalline Zinc Oxide Coatings (2004)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of the American Ceramic Society 87 (2004), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1551-2916
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: An integrated process combining the preparation of ZnO nanoparticles and the formation of ZnO coatings using electrophoretic deposition (EPD) is reported. The work focuses on the deposition kinetics of nanocrystalline ZnO coatings on copper electrodes during EPD by direct measurement of the thickness of the deposited layer. The experimental results show that the EPD process is a powerful route to fabricate uniform coatings with desired thickness and excellent surface smoothness, which might be attributed to small particle size and narrow size distribution. On the other hand, the deposition kinetics changes with applied voltage and deposition time. The deposition thickness increases with increasing applied voltage and deposition time. In a short deposition time, the deviation of deposition rate between the theoretical and experimental values is caused by voltage drops during deposition, and the discrepancy increases with the applied voltage. Moreover, the increasing voltage drop and depletion of the suspension lead to decreasing current and lower deposition rate after longer deposition time. The critical transition time of deposition kinetics is found to exponentially decrease with increasing applied voltage.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1551-2916.2004.00084.x
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Kinetics of hot-pressing: The exponential form (1986)
    Springer
    Journal of materials science 5 (1986), S. 700-700 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-4811
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01730216
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effects of process parameters on the soldering behavior of the eutectic Sn-Zn solder on Cu substrate (2000)
    Springer
    Journal of materials science 11 (2000), S. 461-471 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-482X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract The effects of process parameters such as flux, dipping temperature and the heat-treatment on the soldering behaviors of the eutectic solder (composition: 91Sn-9Zn) hot-dipped on Cu substrates were investigated. The most suitable flux as tested was oleic acid for the eutectic Sn-Zn solder system hot-dipped on Cu substrate for the solder coverage. The adhesion strength obtained increased from 9.6±0.6 MPa to 11.9±0.6 MPa when the dipping temperature increased from 250 °C to 300 °C. However, it decreased from 11.9±0.6 MPa to 5.2±2.2 MPa as the sample was heated at 150 °C for 1200 h. Planar γ-Cu5Zn8 isolate-shaped η-Cu6Sn5 intermetallic layers were found in the bulk sample after heating at 150 °C for 300 h but was not found in the as-cast sample. In the plate samples, scallop-shaped γ-Cu5Zn8/inverted trigonal-shaped η-Cu6Sn5 intermetallic layers were found after heating at 150 °C for 600 h. Some pores were found at the interface between γ-Cu5Zn8 intermetallic compound (IMC) and the solder alloy, which might come from the formation and growth of IMCs and decreased the adhesion strength. © 2000 Kluwer Academic Publishers
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1008960316695
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Calcium phosphate coating on titanium substrate by a modified electrocrystallization process (1998)
    Springer
    Journal of materials science 9 (1998), S. 297-300 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-4838
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine , Technology
    Notes: Abstract Modification of ethyl alcohol added aqueous electrolyte for depositing calcium phosphate on titanium substrates by a electrocrystallization method is described. Film coated in the electrolyte with ethyl alcohol addition is more homogeneous and the growth rate is higher. The optimum quantity of ethyl alcohol added is 50% of the electrolyte. Although the pH value of electrolyte varies as ethyl alcohol is added, the phases of the deposited film remain the same, and are hydroxyapatite and brushite. The development of the microstructure of the coated film during deposition is discussed. © 1998 Chapman & Hall
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1008825926440
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Observations and analyses of microstructural defects for chemical vapour deposited β-SiC by transmission electron microscopy (1991)
    Springer
    Journal of materials science 26 (1991), S. 6091-6096 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-4803
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract A transparent silicon carbide was grown by a cold-wall chemical vapour deposition (CVD) system using CH3SiCl3 and hydrogen gas mixtures on to a graphite substrate. Transmission electron microscopy was used to observe microstructural defects of CVD Β-SiC, usingg.b = 0,±1/3 and theg.R F = integer criterion, quantitative information on defects can be obtained. Theb was identified as 1/6 [11¯2] for Shockley partial dislocations andR F as 1/3[¯111], 1/3 [1¯11], 1/3 [11¯1] for stacking faults. Twin planes were identified as (11¯1), (¯11¯1) in this study. Stacking faults and twins always existed on {111}. Subgrains were surrounded by dislocation networks and full of microtwins. Other defects, such as dislocation loops and dislocation dipoles, were also observed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01113889
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Sulphurization of coprecipitated carbonates for formation of CaLa2S4 (1991)
    Springer
    Journal of materials science 26 (1991), S. 5013-5018 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-4803
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract Factors including BET surface area and La/Ca mole ratio of the coprecipitated carbonates, pH value of the solvent and decomposition atmosphere before sulphurization for fabrication of ultrafine CaLa2S4 powder were investigated. The CaLa2S4 powder was formed through decomposition of coprecipitated carbonates in vacuum and sulphurization with hydrogen sulphide at low temperature. The resultant powder was determined to be a pure CaLa2S4 without oxysulphide phase, as analysed by X-ray diffraction. It consisted of fine particles of size ∼1.6 μm and showed translucency after sintering at 1400 °C under an H2S atmosphere.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00549885
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Investigation of CaLa2S4 powder prepared by sulphurization of coprecipitated carbonates (1993)
    Springer
    Journal of materials science 28 (1993), S. 2304-2310 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-4803
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract Factors, including pH, coprecipitating medium, and temperature, for preparing CaLa2S4 powder were investigated. The precursors obtained by rapid precipitation in an aqueous solution at 25 °C had a homogeneous morphology of minute dentrites, and showed little or no CaS in the X-ray diffraction (XRD) patterns after sulphurization at 950 °C for 24 h. The particle size of the precursors or sulphides obtained in the vicinity of isoelectric point of pH=7.8 had a broad distribution, while that obtained at pH〉9.24 had a narrow distribution. The precursors obtained in hydrous ethanol were a mixture of spherical, flaky and acicular particles in morphology, but all showed calcium deficiency. Interconnected particles were obtained in anhydrous ethanol at pH=6.81 and 25 °C with a highly homogeneous composition. No CaS phase was determined by XRD after sulphurization at 950 °C for 24 h. The CaLa2S4 powders obtained in both aqueous and anhydrous ethanol solutions were sintered, and a translucent pellet was obtained.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01151657
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