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  • 1
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    Compilation of 220 sediment core δ¹³C data from the glacial Atlantic Ocean (2011)
    PANGAEA
    In:  Supplement to: Hesse, Tilman; Butzin, Martin; Bickert, Torsten; Lohmann, Gerrit (2011): A model-data comparison of d13C in the glacial Atlantic Ocean. Paleoceanography, 26, PA3220, https://doi.org/10.1029/2010PA002085
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-03-09
    Description: We compare a compilation of 220 sediment core d13C data from the glacial Atlantic Ocean with three-dimensional ocean circulation simulations including a marine carbon cycle model. The carbon cycle model employs circulation fields which were derived from previous climate simulations. All sediment data have been thoroughly quality controlled, focusing on epibenthic foraminiferal species (such as Cibicidoides wuellerstorfi or Planulina ariminensis) to improve the comparability of model and sediment core carbon isotopes. The model captures the general d13C pattern indicated by present-day water column data and Late Holocene sediment cores but underestimates intermediate and deep water values in the South Atlantic. The best agreement with glacial reconstructions is obtained for a model scenario with an altered freshwater balance in the Southern Ocean that mimics enhanced northward sea ice export and melting away from the zone of sea ice production. This results in a shoaled and weakened North Atlantic Deep Water flow and intensified Antarctic Bottom Water export, hence confirming previous reconstructions from paleoproxy records. Moreover, the modeled abyssal ocean is very cold and very saline, which is in line with other proxy data evidence.
    Keywords: 0010PG; 0016PG; 0021PG; 0026PG; 0029PG; 0032PG; 0033GGC; 0036PG; 0038PG; 0044PG; 0050PG; 0055PG; 0058PG; 0066PG; 0071PG; 0075PG; 0082PG; 0091PG; 0100GGC; 06MT15_2; 06MT41_3; 108-658; 108-659; 162-980; 162-982; 175-1084; 175-1085A; 175-1087A; 177-1088; 293; 313; 68-502_Site; 81-552; 90b; Agadir Canyon; Age, comment; Agulhas Basin; AII60-13APC; ALB-226; also published as VM28-122; Amazon Fan; Angola Basin; ANT-IV/1c; ANT-IX/4; ANT-VIII/3; Arctic Ocean; Argentine Basin; ARK-II/5; ARK-VIII/3; Atlantic Ocean; BCR; Benguela Current, South Atlantic Ocean; Biscaya; BOFS11882#4; BOFS11891#4; BOFS11896#1; BOFS11K; BOFS14K; BOFS26/6K; BOFS26#6; BOFS28/3K; BOFS28#3; BOFS29/1K; BOFS29#1; BOFS30/3K; BOFS30#3; BOFS31/1K; BOFS31#1; BOFS5K; Box corer (Reineck); Brazil Basin; CALYPSO; Calypso Corer; Canarias Sea; Cape Basin; Caribbean Sea; Caribbean Sea/RIDGE; CD53; Ceara Rise; CH73-139; CH73-139C; CH7X; CH8X; Charles Darwin; CHN115-70PC; CHN115-88PC; CHN115-89PC; CHN115-90PC; CHN115-91PC; CHN115-92PC; CHN82-24; CHN82-4115; Cibicidoides wuellerstorfi, δ13C; Cibicidoides wuellerstorfi, δ13C, standard deviation; Comment; COMPCORE; Composite Core; D184; Discovery (1962); DRILL; Drilling/drill rig; East Atlantic; East Brazil Basin; Eastern Rio Grande Rise; eastern Romanche Fracture Zone; Elevation of event; EN06601; EN066-10PG; EN066-16PG; EN066-21PG; EN066-26PG; EN066-29PG; EN066-32PG; EN066-36PG; EN066-38PG; EN066-44PG; EN120; EN120-1GGC; Endeavor; Equatorial Atlantic; Event label; EW9302; EW9302-14JPC; FGGE-Equator 79 - First GARP Global Experiment; GC; GeoB1028-5; GeoB1031-4; GeoB1032-2; GeoB1034-1; GeoB1035-3; GeoB1041-1; GeoB1101-4; GeoB1105-3; GeoB1112-3; GeoB1113-4; GeoB1115-3; GeoB1117-2; GeoB1118-2; GeoB1211-1; GeoB1214-1; GeoB1220-1; GeoB1306-1; GeoB1312-2; GeoB1417-1; GeoB1419-2; GeoB1501-4; GeoB1503-1; GeoB1505-1; GeoB1508-4; GeoB1515-1; GeoB1520-1; GeoB1523-1; GeoB1710-2; GeoB1711; GeoB1711-4; GeoB1721-6; GeoB1722-1; GeoB1903-3; GeoB1905-3; GeoB2004-2; GeoB2016-1; GeoB2019-1; GeoB2109-1; GeoB2204-1; GeoB2215-10; GeoB2819-1; GeoB3104-1; GeoB3603-2; GeoB3722-2; GeoB3801-6; GeoB3808-6; GeoB3813-3; GeoB4216-1; GeoB4240-2; GeoB4403-2; GeoB5115-2; GeoB5121-2; GeoB7920-2; GeoB9508-5; GeoB9528-3; GEOTROPEX 83, NOAMP I; Giant box corer; GIK11944-2; GIK12309-2; GIK12310-3; GIK12328-5; GIK12329-6; GIK12337-4; GIK12345-5; GIK12347-1; GIK12379-3; GIK12392-1; GIK13239-1; GIK13289-3; GIK13519-1; GIK13521-1; GIK15612-2; GIK15627-3; GIK15637-1; GIK15666-1; GIK15669-1; GIK15670-5; GIK15672-1; GIK16004-1; GIK16006-1; GIK16017-2; GIK16030-1; GIK16402-1; GIK16408-5; GIK16415-1; GIK16453-2; GIK16455-1; GIK16457-1; GIK16458-2; GIK16459-1; GIK16771-2; GIK16772-1; GIK16772-2; GIK16773-1; GIK17045-3; GIK17048-3; GIK17049-6; GIK17050-1; GIK17051-3; GIK17055-1; GIK23243-1 PS05/431; GIK23258-2; GIK23258-3; GIK23414-9; GIK23415-9; GIK23416-4; GIK23417-1; GIK23418-8; GIK23419-6; GIK23519-4; GIK23519-5; GKG; Glomar Challenger; Gravity corer; Gravity corer (Kiel type); Greenland Sea; Guinea Basin; HARMATTAN; HRM-CH71-07; Hunter Channel; IMAGES I; IMAGES V; IOW226920-3; Jean Charcot; Joides Resolution; JOPSII-6; JPC; Jumbo Piston Core; KAL; Kasten corer; KN11002; Knorr; KNR110-50; KNR110-55; KNR110-58; KNR110-66; KNR110-71; KNR110-75; KNR110-82; KNR110-91; KNR140; KNR140-01JPC; KNR140-02JPC; KNR140-12JPC; KNR140-2-12JPC; KNR140-2-22JPC; KNR140-2-28GGC; KNR140-2-29GGC; KNR140-22JPC; KNR140-2-30GGC; KNR140-2-51GGC; KNR140-28GGC; KNR140-29GGC; KNR140-30GGC; KNR140-37JPC; KNR140-39GGC; KNR140-43GGC; KNR140-51GGC; KNR140-64GGC; KNR140-66GGC; KNR140-67JPC; KNR64-5; KOL; KW-31; Latitude of event; Leg108; Leg162; Leg175; Leg177; Leg68; Leg81; Le Suroît; Longitude of event; LYII-13A; M11/1; M12/1; M12392-1; M15/2; M16/1; M16/2; M17/2; M20/2; M23; M23_099; M23/1; M23/2; M23/3; M23414; M25; M29/2; M34/1; M34/2; M34/3; M35/1; M35003-1; M37/1; M38/2; M39; M41/3; M48/2; M48/2_386; M51; M53; M53_169; M53_170; M53_172; M53/1; M57; M6/5; M6/6; M60; M65; M65/1; M7/2; M9/4; Marion Dufresne (1995); Maurice Ewing; MD101; MD114; MD952039; MD95-2039; MD952040; MD95-2040; MD99-2334; Meteor (1964); Meteor (1986); Meteor Rise; MG-237; Mid Atlantic Ridge; MSN; MUC; MultiCorer; Multiple opening/closing net; NA87-22; Namibia Continental Margin; Namibia continental slope; NE-Brazilian continental margin; Nordost-Atlantik-Expedition 1971; North Atlantic; North Atlantic/PLATEAU; Northeast Atlantic; Northern Cape Basin; Norwegian Sea; OC205-02; OC205-02_0033GGC; OC205-02_0100GGC; Oceanus; Oceanus205-02; off West Africa; PALEOCINAT II; PC; Piston corer; Piston corer (Kiel type); PLA; Plankton net; Polarstern; Porto Seamount; POS210/2; Poseidon; Precision; Providence Channel; PS05; PS08; PS1243-1; PS16; PS16/278; PS1754-3; PS18; PS18/238; PS19/245; PS19 ARCTIC91; PS2082-1; PS2212-3; RC13; RC13-229; RC15; RC15-93; RC15-94; RC16; RC16-119; RC16-84; Reference of data; REYKJANES-RÜCKEN; Rio Grande Rise; Robert Conrad; Sample amount; Sierra Leone Basin/Guinea Basin; SL; SO82; SO82_5-2; SO84; Sonne; South African margin; South Atlantic Ocean; Southern Cape Basin; Southwest Walvis Ridge; SPC; Sphincter corer; ST. HELENA HOTSPOT; SU92; SU92-21; SUBTROPEX 82; T86-15P; TN057-20; TN057-21; TN057-6; Uniform resource locator/link to file; V12; V12-70; V16; V16-51; V19; V19-236; V19-258; V19-259; V22; V22-108; V23; V23-100; V23-81; V24; V24-253; V25; V25-59; V26; V26-176; V27; V27-60; V27-86; V28; V28-122; V28-127; V28-14; V28-73; V29; V29-135; V29-193; V29-198; V29-202; V30; V30-40; V30-49; VA-10/3; Valdivia (1961); Vema; Vema Channel; Victor Hensen; Walvis Bay/Namibia; Walvis Ridge; Walvis Ridge, Southeast Atlantic Ocean; Yermak Plateau
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 1646 data points
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    DATA PANGAEA
  • 2
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    German Energiewende—different visions for a (nearly) climate neutral building sector in 2050 (2018)
    Springer
    Details
    Publication Date: 2018-04-23
    Print ISSN: 1570-646X
    Electronic ISSN: 1570-6478
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering
    Published by Springer
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    PAPER CURRENT
  • 3
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    Glacial boundary conditions in the Atlantic Ocean: a model data comparison using delta C-13 (2010)
    In:  EPIC3EGU Conference, 2-7 May 2010, Vienna.
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-17
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Type: Conference , notRev
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  • 4
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    Impact of vital effects and carbonate chemistry on δ13C in benthic foraminifera: model sensitivity experiments (2012)
    In:  EPIC3EGU, Vienna, 2012-04-22-2012-04-27
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-17
    Description: The proxy δ13C as derived from benthic foraminifera shells is widely used by palaeoceanographers to reconstruct the geometry of past water masses. The biogeochemical processes involved in forming the benthic foraminiferal δ13C signal, however, have not been fully understood yet and a sound mechanistic description is still lacking. We are using a reaction-diffusion model for calcification developed by Wolf-Gladrow et al. (1999) and Zeebe et al. (1999) in order to quantify the effects that different physical, chemical and biological parameters have on the δ13C value of an idealised benthic foraminiferal shell. The results indicate that temperature, δ13CDIC, respiration rate, foraminiferal size, and pH have a significant impact on foraminiferal δ13C, which exceeds the typically accepted measurement error range of 0.2 ‰. In contrast, salinity, pressure, and calcification rate have only a limited influence. In a case study we show how these effects can influence the interpretation of benthic foraminiferal δ13C. Our study underlines the importance of understanding the biological and chemical processes in forming the δ13C signal in foraminiferal shells, and calls for further laboratory and in-situ measurements in order to test the model results.
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Type: Conference , notRev
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  • 5
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    Towards a mechanistic interpretation of δ13C: modelling calcification in benthic foraminifera, and its application to palaeoceanographic model scenarios (2013)
    In:  EPIC3EGU conference 2013, Vienna, 2013-04-07-2013-04-12
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-17
    Description: The proxy δ13C as derived from benthic foraminifera shells is widely used by palaeoceanographers to reconstruct past water masses. A mechanistic description of the biogeochemical processes involved in forming the benthic foraminiferal δ13C signal, however, is still lacking. We are using a reaction-diffusion model for calcification in benthic foraminifera, coupled to a combined global ocean and a carbon cycle circulation model, in order to describe the formation of foraminiferal shell δ13C more mechanistically. The coupled models are then applied to a present-day control run and different glacial ocean circulation scenarios. Our results suggest that the effect of temperature on δ13C in benthic foraminiferal shells is more pronounced than previously thought: high (low) temperatures result in higher (lower) shell δ13C values when compared to the δ13C value of dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) in the same location. Additionally, we find that the modelled respiration rate modulates benthic shell δ13C values: higher (lower) respiration rates cause a marked depletion (enrichment) of shell δ13C. Crucially, for the standard respiration rate all scenarios result in shell δ13C values that are lower by ≥ 0.2 compared to the corresponding δ13C of the surrounding DIC. Importantly, the changes in modelled δ13C induced by changes in temperature and respiration rate are in the same order of magnitude as the differences in δ13C between the present-day/Late Holocene and the LGM. Given these uncertainties, the distribution of LGM water masses based on reconstructions of δ13C is less well constrained than previously thought: both a shoaled Atlantic meridional overturning circulation as well as one that is close to the present-day circulation can be reconciled within the uncertainties.
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Type: Conference , notRev
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  • 6
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    Towards a mechanistic understanding of the palaeoclimatological proxy δ13C in benthic foraminifera (2013)
    In:  EPIC3150 p.
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-17
    Description: The proxy δ13C as derived from benthic foraminiferal shells is widely used by palaeoceanographers to reconstruct the distribution of past water masses. The biogeochemical processes involved in forming the benthic foraminiferal δ13C signal (δ13C_foram), however, have not been fully understood yet, and a sound mechanistic description is still lacking. This thesis attempts to make progress towards the long-standing goal of a mechanistic understanding and description of δ13C in benthic foraminifera. Furthermore, the still debated state of the glacial ocean circulation and water mass distribution is assessed using δ13C. First, a compilation of 220 sediment core δ13C reconstructions from the glacial Atlantic Ocean is compared with three-dimensional ocean circulation simulations including a marine carbon cycle model. Second, a reaction-diffusion model for calcification in foraminifera is adapted for the use in benthic foraminifera. This model is able to quantify the effects of different physical, chemical and biological processes on the δ13C signal of an idealised benthic foraminiferal shell (δ13C_foram). Sensitivity experiments with the stand-alone calcification model are performed. Third, the three-dimensional ocean circulation simulations are used to drive the foraminifera calcification model in order to have a spatial representation of δ13C_foram in the glacial ocean. The results are employed in another model-data comparison in the glacial Atlantic Ocean. The ocean model captures the general δ13C pattern indicated by present-day water column data and Late Holocene sediment cores but underestimates intermediate and deep water values in the South Atlantic. The best agreement with glacial reconstructions is obtained for a model scenario with an altered freshwater balance in the Southern Ocean, which has a shoaled and weakened North Atlantic Deep Water flow and intensified Antarctic Bottom Water export. Results from the foraminifera calcification model indicate that temperature, respiration rate, and pH have a significant impact on δ13C_foram. The results from the coupled ocean circulation/carbon cycle model and the foraminifera calcification model improve the correlation with glacial reconstructions for all simulations considered. Knowledge of vital parameters such as the respiration rate are important for constraining uncertainties in the formation of the δ13C_foram signal. The results show that an interdisciplinary approach to assessing palaeoclimate is both valu- able and useful for advancing our understanding of the climate system.
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Type: Thesis , notRev
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  • 7
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    A model-data comparison of δ13C in the glacial Atlantic Ocean (2011)
    AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
    In:  EPIC3Paleoceanography, AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION, 26, ISSN: 0883-8305
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-17
    Description: We compare a compilation of 220 sediment core δ13C data from the glacial Atlantic Ocean with three-dimensional ocean circulation simulations including a marine carbon cycle model. The carbon cycle model employs circulation fields which were derived from previous climate simulations. All sediment data have been thoroughly quality controlled, focusing on epibenthic foraminiferal species (such as Cibicidoides wuellerstorfi or Planulina ariminensis) to improve the comparability of model and sediment core carbon isotopes. The model captures the general δ13C pattern indicated by present-day water column data and Late Holocene sediment cores but underestimates intermediate and deep water values in the South Atlantic. The best agreement with glacial reconstructions is obtained for a model scenario with an altered freshwater balance in the Southern Ocean that mimics enhanced northward sea ice export and melting away from the zone of sea ice production. This results in a shoaled and weakened North Atlantic Deep Water flow and intensified Antarctic Bottom Water export, hence confirming previous reconstructions from paleoproxy records. Moreover, the modeled abyssal ocean is very cold and very saline, which is in line with other proxy data evidence.
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Type: Article , isiRev
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  • 8
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    Modelling δ13C in benthic foraminifera: insights from model sensitivity experiments (2014)
    ELSEVIER
    In:  EPIC3Marine Micropaleontology, ELSEVIER, 112, pp. 50-61, ISSN: 0377-8398
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-12-09
    Description: The δ13C value measured on benthic foraminiferal tests is widely used by palaeoceanographers to reconstruct the distribution of past water masses. The biogeochemical processes involved in forming the benthic foraminiferal δ13C signal (δ13Cforam), however, are not fully understood and a sound mechanistic description is still lacking. We use a reaction–diffusion model for calcification developed by Wolf-Gladrow et al. (1999) and Zeebe et al. (1999) in order to quantify the effects of different physical, chemical, and biological processes on δ13Cforam of an idealised benthic foraminiferal shell. Changes in the δ13C value of dissolved inorganic carbon (δ13CDIC) cause equal changes in δ13Cforam in the model. The results further indicate that temperature, respiration rate, and pH have a significant impact on δ13Cforam. In contrast, salinity, pressure, the δ13C value of particulate organic carbon (δ13CPOC), total alkalinity, and calcification rate show only a limited influence. In sensitivity experiments we assess how combining these effects can influence δ13Cforam. We can potentially explain 33 to 47% of the interglacial-to-glacial decrease in δ13Cforam by changes in temperature and pH, without invoking changes in δ13CDIC. Furthermore, about a quarter of the − 0.4‰ change in δ13Cforam observed in phytodetritus layers can be accounted for by an increase in respiration rate and a reduction in pH.
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Type: Article , isiRev
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