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  • 1
    Call number: S 90.0073(90)
    In: Geotektonische Forschungen
    Type of Medium: Series available for loan
    Pages: 124 S.
    ISBN: 3510500563
    ISSN: 0016-8548
    Series Statement: Geotektonische Forschungen 90
    Classification:
    Historical Geology
    Language: German
    Location: Lower compact magazine
    Branch Library: GFZ Library
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  • 2
    ISSN: 0016-7835
    Keywords: Key words Thermal modeling ; Late Variscan ; Exhumation ; Rhenohercynian Zone ; Mid-German Crystalline Rise
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences
    Notes: Abstract  Thermal modeling techniques constrained by published petrological and thermo-chronometric data were applied to examine late orogenic burial and exhumation at a Variscan suture zone in Central Europe. The suture separates the southern Rhenohercynian zone from the Mid-German Crystalline Rise and traces the former site of a small oceanic basin. Closure of this basin during Variscan subduction and subsequent collision of continental units were responsible for different tectono-metamorphic evolutions in the suture's footwall and hanging wall. Relative convergence rates between the southern Rhenohercynian zone and western Mid-German Crystalline Rise can be inferred from the pressure–temperature–time evolution of the Northern Phyllite Zone. During Late Viséan–Early Namurian times, horizontal thrusting velocities were at least 20 mm/a. Thermal modeling suggests that exhumation of the Mid-German Crystalline Rise occurred temporarily at rates of more than 3 mm/a. Such rapid exhumation cannot be produced by erosion only, but requires a substantial contribution of extensional strain. Exhumation by upper crustal extension occurred contemporaneously with convergence and is explained by continuous underplating of crustal slices and thrusting along faults with ramp-flat geometry. Finally, implications for the tectono-metamorphic history of the study area and the thermal state of the crust during late Variscan exhumation are discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    International journal of earth sciences 81 (1992), S. 323-331 
    ISSN: 1437-3262
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences
    Description / Table of Contents: Abstract Any detailed analysis and quantitative modelling of the formation of the Saar-Nahe-Becken in SW-Germany is hampered by a number of erosive events which removed major parts of the initial Permo-Carboniferous basin fill. The maximum overburden of the present outcrop level was reconstructed using shale-compaction data derived from sonic logs. The amount of erosion is estimated at 1950 m in the southwestern part of the Saar-Nahe-Basin, and 2400 m in the NE (relative to present sealevel). By comparison with paleogeographic and isopach data these values can only be explained by Permo-Carboniferous and Permian strata. A maximum burial during the Mesocoic or Tertiary can be ruled out. Knowing the amount and age of the maximum overburden, a continuous reconstruction of the burial history of the Saar-Nahe-Basin since the Carboniferous is possible.
    Abstract: Résumé Une analyse approfondie et une modélisation de l'histoire de la formation du bassin de la Sarre et de la Nahe (Allemagne du sud-ouest) ont été rendues difficiles jusqu'ici par le fait qu'une part considérable du remplissage permocarbonifére primitif du bassin a déjà été érodée. L'épaisseur maximale de la charge qui a surmonté le niveau actuellement en affleurement a été déduite du degré de compaction des argilites, analysé à l'aide de la diagraphie géophysique. Ces estimations ont fourni des valeurs maximales de 1.950 m dans le sud-ouest du bassin et de 2.400 m dans sa partie nord-est (relativement au niveau de la mer). Pour des raisons paléogéographiques il n'est possible de voir dans cette surcharge que des sédiments d'âge permo-carbonifère et permien: on peut montrer, en effet, que la subsidence maximale n'a pas eu lieu au Mésozoïque ou au Tertiaire. Connaissant ainsi l'importancce et l'âge de la surcharge actuellement disparue par érosion, on peut reconstituer l'histoire complète des mouvrements verticaux du bassin de la Sarre et de la Nahe depuis le Carbonifère.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Eine umfassende Analyse und Modellierung der Entwicklungsgeschichte des Saar-Nahe-Beckens in SW-Deutschland wird bislang dadurch erschwert, daß erhebliche Teile der ursprünglichen permokarbonen Beckenfüllung bereits erodiert sind. Zur Quantifizierung der maximalen Überlagerung des heutigen Aufschlußniveaus wurde der Kompaktionsgrad von Tonsteinen mit Hilfe geophysikalischer Bohrlochmessungen untersucht. Es kann eine maximale Überlagerung bestimmt werden, die im SW des Saar-Nahe-Beckens 1950 m und im NE 2400 m beträgt (bezogen auf heutiges Meeresspiegelniveau). Aufgrund paläogeographischer Argumente lassen sich diese Überlagerungswerte nur durch eine Sedimentabfolge mit permokarbonem bzw. permischem Alter erklären. Eine maximale Versenkung im Mesozoikum oder Tertiär kann ausgeschlossen werden. Durch die Quantifizierung und zeitliche Einstufung der maximalen Versenkungstiefe kann die Subsidenz- und Hebungsgeschichte des Saar-Nahe-Bekkens seit dem Karbon lückenlos rekonstruiert werden.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    International journal of earth sciences 82 (1993), S. 3-19 
    ISSN: 1437-3262
    Keywords: Saar-Nahe-Basin ; half-graben ; cross-section balancing ; subsidence analysis ; Permo-Carboniferous basin formation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences
    Notes: Abstract The Saar-Nahe-Basin in SW-Germany is one of the largest Permo-Carboniferous basins in the internal zone of the Variscides. Its evolution is closely related to movements along the Hunsrück Boundary Fault, which separates the Rhenohercynian and the Saxothuringian zones. Recent deep seismic surveys indicate that the Saar-Nahe-Basin formed in the hanging wall of a major detachment which soles out at lower crustal levels at about 16 km depth. Oblique extension along an inverted Variscan thrust resulted in the formation of a half-graben, within more than 8 km of entirely continental strata accumulated. The structural style within the basin is characterized by normal faults parallel to the basin axis and orthogonal transfer fault zones. Balanced cross-section construction and subsidence analysis indicate extension of the orogenically thickened lithosphere by 35%. Subsidence modeling shows discontinuous depth-dependent extension with laterally varying extension factors for crust and mantle lithosphere. Thus, the offset between maximum rift and thermal subsidence can be explained by a zone of mantle extension shifted laterally with respect to the zone of maximum crustal extension.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    ISSN: 0016-7835
    Keywords: Key words Late-Variscan extension ; Gravitational collapse ; Tensile plate-boundary stresses
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences
    Notes: Abstract  A two-dimensional thermo-mechanical finite element model is used to study the Permo-Carboniferous evolution of Central Europe along a lithosphere-scale transect from the Variscan Internides to the undeformed foreland. The study concentrates on a quantitative evaluation of the processes controlling late-orogenic extension and destruction of the Variscides, particularly the gravitational instability of thickened crust. Modelling results suggest that gravitational forces along cannot reproduce the observed timing and amount of Permo-Carboniferous crustal thinning. Tensile plate-boundary forces are required in addition to gravitation to restore a crustal thickness of approximately 30 km in the Variscan Internides. Stresses as little as 10 MPa result in up to 28% extension and a good fit between observed data and model predictions. It is concluded that the Stephanian to Rotliegend evolution in the vicinity of the modelled traverse resulted not from gravitational forces inherited from Variscan crustal thickening, but was related to a change in orientation of the plate-boundary stresses at the end of the Westphalian.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Publication Date: 2007-10-08
    Description: The West Carpathian thrustbelt advanced northeastwards over the European Platform. Its thrust sheets comprise sediments of the Early Cretaceous rifts that evolved on a passive margin of the European Platform, the Late Cretaceous-Paleocene basins formed by rift inversion, and the Eocene-Oligocene flexural basin. Geochemical analyses established a clear link between pooled oils in the foreland and the Oligocene Menilite Formation inside the thrustbelt. In order to understand the driving forces for this oil migration scenario, finite-element models of fault-propagation and fold-bend folds are used to study the mean stress distribution in the thrust sheets and the foreland. Mean stress has a profound control on the pore fluid pressure through the relationship affected by sediment porosity, and sediment skeleton and fluid compressibilities. Modelling results suggest that only fault-propagation folds are capable of generating foreland-directed mean stress gradients as they are characterized by a large foreland area of decreased mean stress, by coupled increased/decreased mean stress areas on advancing/receding sides of the ramp tip, and an overall mean stress decrease inside the thrust sheet in the direction towards the foreland. This interpretation is in accordance with the dominant fold-and-thrust style in the Western Carpathians inferred from balanced cross-section restoration. It shows that frontal fault-propagation folding was active during the late Oligocene-Early Miocene, providing an effective tectonic driving force for hydrocarbon migration from source rocks inside the thrustbelt towards reservoirs in the foreland.
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  • 7
    Publication Date: 2009-10-06
    Description: The effects of convective heat transfer by hydrothermal fluid flow on fission-track (FT) thermochronology are studied using numerical modelling techniques. Parameter studies are carried out on two-dimensional crustal segments with a steeply dipping fault zone exposed to constant denudation to evaluate the relative importance of different variables, including denudation rate as well as hydraulic and material properties. Time-temperature histories of particle points are calculated in the vicinity and also a few kilometres away of the fault zone. These time-temperature paths are then used in a forward-modelling approach to determine the expected FT cooling ages and track-length distributions. Modelling results indicate that hydrothermal fluid flow can significantly disturb the background conductive thermal state of the upper crust, and the interpretation of FT data using a steady-state geothermal gradient can result in erroneous denudation rates that overestimate the true erosion rates by more than 80%. A pattern of highly varied FT cooling ages from samples at the same elevation does not necessarily ask for differential tectonic movements, instead it can be generated by deep circulation of groundwater within a few million years (Ma). Denudation rates inferred from FT cooling age-elevation plots are likewise inaccurate in a hydrothermally active area because the important assumption about closure temperature isotherms being horizontal or at a constant depth below the surface is not met.
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  • 8
    Publication Date: 1997-05-01
    Print ISSN: 0022-1376
    Electronic ISSN: 1537-5269
    Topics: Geosciences
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  • 9
    Publication Date: 2015-04-10
    Print ISSN: 1860-1804
    Topics: Geography , Geosciences
    Published by Schweizerbart
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  • 10
    Publication Date: 2020-05-25
    Description: An appropriate representation of faults is fundamental for hydro-mechanical reservoir models to obtain robust quantitative insights into the spatial distribution of stress, strain and pore pressure. Using a generic model containing a reservoir layer displaced by a fault, we examine three issues which are typically encountered if faults have to be incorporated in reservoir-scale finite element simulations. These are (1) mesh resolution aspects honoring the scale difference between the typical cell size of the finite element (FE) reservoir model and the heterogeneity of a fault zone, (2) grid geometry relative to the fault geometry and (3) fault dip. Different fault representations were implemented and compared regarding those on the modeling results. Remarkable differences in the calculated stress and strain patterns as well as the pore pressure field are observed. The modeling results are used to infer some general recommendations concerning the implementation of faults in hydro-mechanical reservoir models regarding mesh resolution and grid geometry, taking into account model-scale and scope of interest. The goal is to gain more realistic simulations and, hence, more reliable results regarding fault representation in reservoir models to improve production, lower cost and reduce risk during subsurface operations.
    Electronic ISSN: 1996-1073
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering
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