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  • 1
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    Photographic Study of Liquid-Oxygen Boiling and Gas Injection in the Injector of a Chugging Rocket Engine (1964)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-06
    Description: High-speed motion pictures were taken of conditions in the injector liquid-oxygen cavity of an RL-10 rocket engine during throttled engine operation. Photographs were taken during operation of the engine in the chugging region as the helium gas was injected to stabilize combustion, during operation at rated thrust, and during transition into chugging conditions as the gas injection was discontinued. Results of the investigation indicate that, during chugging rocket operation of the RL-10 engine, a high population of fairly large bubbles formed and collapsed within the liquid-oxygen cavity at the same frequency as the chamber pressure oscillations. When gaseous helium was injected into the liquid-oxygen cavity, a fog rapidly spread over the entire field of view, and the system immediately became stable. The injection of gaseous helium at rated conditions produced a very slight increase in engine performance but not enough to produce a net gain in a typical mission payload with the extra equipment needed. The inherent low-frequency system instability associated with the fuel system at low thrust levels was reduced by injecting either gaseous helium or hydrogen. Complete stabilization was achieved in some cases, and a reduction in the severity of the oscillations in others. This was apparently due to the anchoring of the phase change front to the location of the gas injection.
    Keywords: Spacecraft Propulsion and Power
    Type: NASA-TM-X-948 , GRC-EDAA-TN68700
    Format: application/pdf
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 2
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    Fueling the National Aero-Space Plane with slush hydrogen (1989)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-28
    Description: The National Aerospace Plane is a horizontal take off and landing, single stage-to-orbit vehicle using hydrogen as the fuel. The first flights are planned for the mid 1990s. The high heating value, cooling capacity, and combustion properties make hydrogen the fuel of choice, but the low density results in a large vehicle. Both the fuel cooling capacity and density are increased with the use of slush hydrogen and result in significant reductions in size of the vehicle. A national program to advance this technology and to find engineering solutions to the many design issues is now underway.
    Keywords: PROPELLANTS AND FUELS
    Type: AIAA PAPER 89-5014
    Format: text
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 3
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    The Pathfinder Chemical Transfer Propulsion program (1989)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-08-14
    Description: Pathfinder is a research and technology initiative by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) intended to strengthen the technology base of the United States civil space program in preparation for future space exploration missions. Pathfinder begins in FY-89. One of the four major thrusts of Pathfinder is Space Transfer technology. A key element of this thrust is the Chemical Transfer Propulsion program which will provide the propulsion technology for high performance, liquid oxygen/liquid hydrogen expander cycle engines which are expected to be operated and maintained in space. These advanced engines will enhance or enable a variety of future space exploration missions. This paper describes the goals and objectives, management, technical plan, and technology transfer for the Chemical Transfer Propulsion element of Pathfinder.
    Keywords: LAUNCH VEHICLES AND SPACE VEHICLES
    Type: NASA-TM-102084 , E-4847 , NAS 1.15:102084 , JANNAF Propulsion Meeting; May 23, 1989 - May 25, 1989; Cleveland, OH; United States
    Format: application/pdf
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 4
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    The Pathfinder Chemical Transfer Propulsion Program (1989)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-08-14
    Description: Pathfinder is a research and technology initiative by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) intended to strengthen the technology base of the United States civil space program in preparation for future space exploration missions. Pathfinder begins in FY-89. One of the four major thrusts is the Chemical Transfer Propulsion program which will provide the propulsion technology for high performance, liquid oxygen/liquid hydrogen expander cycle engines which are expected to be operated and maintained in space. These advanced engines will enhance or enable a variety of future space exploration missions. The goals and objectives, management, technical plan, and technology transfer for the Chemical Transfer Propulsion element of Pathfinder are described.
    Keywords: SPACECRAFT PROPULSION AND POWER
    Type: Johns Hopkins Univ., The 1989 JANNAF Propulsion Meeting, Volume 1; p 191-197
    Format: application/pdf
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 5
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    Technology issues associated with fueling the national aerospace plane with slush hydrogen (1988)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-13
    Description: The National Aerospace Plane is a horizontal takeoff and landing, single stage-to-orbit vehicle using hydrogen fuel. The first flights are planned for the mid 1990's. The success of this important national program requires advances in virtually every discipline associated with both airbreathing and space flight. The high heating value, cooling capacity, and combustion properties make hydrogen the fuel of choice, but low density results in a large vehicle. Both fuel cooling capacity and density are increased with the use of slush hydrogen and result in significant reductions in vehicle size. A national program to advance this technology and to find engineering solutions to the many design issues is now under way. The program uses the expertise of the cryogenics production and services industry, the instrumentation industry, universities and governments. The program will be discussed to highlight the major issues and display progress to date.
    Keywords: SPACECRAFT PROPULSION AND POWER
    Type: NASA-TM-101386 , E-4445 , NAS 1.15:101386 , Joint Intersociety Cryogenic Conference Symposium; Jan 22, 1989 - Jan 26, 1989; Houston, TX; United States
    Format: application/pdf
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 6
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    NASA's Chemical Transfer Propulsion Program for Pathfinder (1989)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-08-28
    Description: Pathfinder is a research and technology project, initiated by NASA in 1989 to support the U.S. civil space program studies for the preparation for future space exploration missions. This paper describes the goals and objectives, the management, the technical plan, and technology transfer for the Chemical Transfer Propulsion program, which is a key element of one of the four programmatic thrusts (the Space Transfer) of the Pathfinder. The Chemical Transfer Propulsion will provide the technology for high-performance liquid oxygen/liquid hydrogen expander cycle engines for space-based transfer vehicles as well as for lunar and Mars landers.
    Keywords: ASTRONAUTICS (GENERAL)
    Type: AIAA PAPER 89-2298
    Format: text
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 7
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    NASA's Chemical Transfer Propulsion Program for Pathfinder (1989)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-13
    Description: Pathfinder is a research and technology project, with specific deliverables, initiated by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) which will strengthen the technology base of the United States civil space program in preparation for future space exploration missions. Pathfinder begins in Fiscal Year 1989, and is to advance a collection of critical technologies for these missions and ensure technology readiness for future national decisions regarding exploration of the solar system. The four major thrusts of Pathfinder are: surface exploration, in-space operations, humans-in-space, and space transfer. The space transfer thrust will provide the critical technologies needed for transportation to, and return from, the Moon, Mars, and other planets in the solar system, as well as for reliable and cost-effective Earth-orbit operations. A key element of this thrust is the Chemical Transfer Propulsion program which will provide the propulsion technology for high performance, liquid oxygen/liquid hydrogen expander cycle engines which may be operated and maintained in space. Described here are the program overview including the goals and objectives, management, technical plan, and technology transfer for the Chemical Transfer Propulsion element of Pathfinder.
    Keywords: LAUNCH VEHICLES AND SPACE VEHICLES
    Type: NASA-TM-102298 , E-4976 , NAS 1.15:102298 , AIAA PAPER 89-2298 , Joint Propulsion Conference; Jul 10, 1989 - Jul 12, 1989; Monterey, CA; United States
    Format: application/pdf
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
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