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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Magnetic properties of an octanuclear iron(III) cation (1993)
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    Inorganic chemistry 32 (1993), S. 3099-3103 
    Details
    ISSN: 1520-510X
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ic00066a022
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Properties of the chloride-ATPase fromLimonium salt glands: Activation by, and binding to, specific sugars (1979)
    Springer
    The journal of membrane biology 51 (1979), S. 185-194 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1424
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Summary Attempts to separate membrane fractions enriched in Cl−-ATPase activity fromLimonium leaf microsomes were hampered because, it seemed, the microsomal membranes were aggregated in clumps. We found hemagglutination activity, specific for N-acetylgalactosamine and to a lesser extent galactose, in the soluble phase of the homogenate, and we were able to prevent membrane aggregation by adding galactose to the microsomes. We discovered that the Cl−-ATPase activity of the microsomes was increased by galactose and to an even greater extent by N-acetylgalactosamine. We report that the Cl−-ATPase binds to galactosamine-sepharose, from which it can be eluted in 0.1m galactose, i.e., the enzyme is associated with a saccharide-binding site similar to that of the hemagglutinins. This procedure results in a 100-fold enrichment of the Cl−-ATPase activity and represents a new way of purifying a membrane-bound enzyme from a heterogeneous membrane preparation in one step. Enzyme isolated by affinity chromatography of Triton-solubilized membranes was essentially free of other ATPase and accounted for a substantial proportion (sometimes all) of the Cl−-ATPase of the microsomes. This purified preparation of the enzyme shows N-acetylgalactosamine-specific hemagglutination activity. However, we can show that the Cl−-ATPase and the hemagglutinins are different entities. Thus, material isolated in the same way from salt-free plants showed hemagglutination but not Cl−-ATPase activity. Also, the hemagglutinins, but not the Cl−-ATPase, will bind to galactosaminesepharose in the absence of ATP. This is the first report of enzyme activity associated with a carbohydrate receptorspecific protein. Possible roles for saccharide-binding in the control, assembly, and orientation of the chloride-pump are discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01869168
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Hormonal regulation of development II: the functions of hormones from the level of the cell to the whole plant - edited by T. K. Scott, Springer Verlag, 1984. DM 168.00/65.90, DM 134.40/ 52.50 for purchasers of Vols 9-11 (xiv + 309 pages) ISBN 3 540 10196 9
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Trends in Biochemical Sciences 11 (1986), S. 94-95 
    Details
    ISSN: 0968-0004
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0968-0004(86)90276-8
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Needle cytokinin content as a sensitive bioindicator of N pollution in Sitka spruce (2003)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Plant, cell & environment 26 (2003), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-3040
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Previous work has shown that conifers growing on sites exposed to aerial pollution exhibit a different pattern of vegetative development in comparison with those on unpolluted sites, and have higher needle cytokinin contents (von Schwartzenberg & Hahn, Journal of Plant Physiology 139, 218–223, 1991). Physiologically mature Sitka spruce (Picea sitchensis[Bong.] Carr) trees growing in a commercial plantation were sprayed with combinations of S, N and acidity from bud burst until December, for a 3 year period, in order to factor out the effects of individual pollutants and identify the specific component responsible for the high cytokinin content. Cytokinins were monitored using high-performance liquid chromatography/enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay techniques. After 3 years of treatment only needles of neutral N-treated trees contained significantly higher levels of cytokinin than those of trees receiving no spray. The addition of acid S could suppress the effects of added N. Needles from neutral N treatments also contained significantly higher levels of biologically active cytokinins and forms that can be transported in the xylem/phloem. Significantly lower levels of active cytokinins were present in needles sprayed with N in combination with acid sulphate. The results demonstrate that the needle cytokinin content may be used as a sensitive and selective bioindicator of the early stages in N perturbation in coniferous trees.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-3040.2003.01109.x
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Regulation of nitrogen uptake by Fagus sylvatica on a whole plant level – interactions between cytokinins and soluble N compounds (2003)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Plant, cell & environment 26 (2003), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-3040
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Pedospheric nitrate uptake is a strongly regulated process adapted to the N demand of the whole plant. Pre-requisites for an integrating regulatory system are signal substances communicating the N demand of the shoot to the roots. In the current study it was shown that an additional atmospheric N source results in activation of cytokinins in the shoot as indicated by an increase in the trans-hydroxylation ratio, and in increased shoot-to-root transport of cytokinins in the phloem. Phloem mobility and basipetal transport of cytokinins were also demonstrated by feeding zeatin riboside into the phloem. The resulting enrichment of cytokinins in the roots caused an increased expression of a high-affinity nitrate transporter, the enrichment of amino compounds (Glu, Val, Phe, Lys) in the fine roots and a significant decrease in nitrate net uptake. Significant enrichment in amino acids – accompanied by decreased nitrate net uptake but not by increased expression of the high-affinity nitrate transporter – was also observed when Gln the major long-distance transport form of nitrogen in beech was fed into the phloem. These results provide experimental evidence that, in addition to amino compounds, cytokinins that are known to cycle within the plant are also communicating changes in N metabolism from the shoot to the roots. Apparently increased cytokinin contents in the root can transiently increase nitrate uptake, but this up-regulation may be overridden by transcriptional and post-transcriptional down-regulation mediated by amino compounds.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-3040.2003.01079.x
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Pendent arm macrocyclic complexes: crystal structures of AI(TCTA) and In(TS-TACN)
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Polyhedron 12 (1993), S. 1-5 
    Details
    ISSN: 0277-5387
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0277-5387(00)87045-X
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    An evaluation of the role of cytokinins in the development of abnormal inflorescences in oil palms (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.) regenerated from tissue culture (1995)
    Springer
    Journal of plant growth regulation 14 (1995), S. 135-142 
    Details
    ISSN: 1435-8107
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract Tissue cultures and regenerant plants from cell lines producing palms with normal and abnormal flowers were analyzed for cytokinin content and compared with zygotic embryos and seedlings. Immature inflorescences at the critical stage of flower development dissected from normal and abnormal palms were also analyzed. High performance liquid chromatography (HPLC)/radioimmunoassay and HPLC/enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay methods were used over a period of several years to measure the isoprenoid cytokinins. The results of analyses of endogenous aromatic cytokinins, present at comparable levels, will be reported separately. Oil palm cultures and regenerant plants contained relatively high concentrations of the 9-glucosides of isopentenyladenine ([9G]iP) and zeatin ([9G]Z). The predominant biologically active isoprenoid cytokinin present was zeatin riboside ([9R]Z), with lesser amounts of isopentenyladenine (iP) and isopentenyladenosine ([9R]iP). There was evidence of small amounts of dihydrozeatin compounds, but high concentrations (mainly as dihydrozeatin-9-glucoside ([9G]DHZ)) were confined to the haustorium of the zygotic embryo. Callus tissue contained very low concentrations of cytokinin. Frequently only [9G]iP could be detected, at about 1 pmol · g-1 fresh weight, with [9R]Z at less than 0.05 pmol · g-1. In comparison, nodular embryogenic tissues in vitro contained between 30 and 1,500 pmol · g-1 of [9G]iP, 5–50 pmol · g-1 of [9G]Z, and up to 12 pmol · g-1 of [9R]Z. Shoots of regenerant plantlets and seedlings contained lower concentrations of [9G]iP (3–30 pmol · g-1), although this was still the predominant cytokinin. [9R]Z and [9G]Z were present at between 2 and 15 pmol · g-1, with iP at 1–5 pmol · g-1 and [9R]iP at between 1 and 12 pmol · g-1. Seedlings contained similar amounts with the exception of a lower [9G]iP content (5–10 pmol · g-1) and more [9R]iP (10–20 pmol · g-1). Root tissues of ramets contained significantly higher concentrations of [9G]iP than shoots. Comparison of two isogenic lines of one clone giving rise to normal and abnormal palms showed significantly higher concentrations of [9R]Z and [9G]Z in the normal than in the abnormal line and, in embryoids only, higher [9G]iP in the normal line. In all other cases the between-done differences were greater than any normal/abnormal differences. There was a general tendency for increased concentrations of [9G]iP in abnormal lines and for this compound to be in a higher concentration in embryoids and plants derived from culture than in zygotic embryos and seedlings. Analysis of cytokinins in immature female inflorescences of normal and abnormal palms of a single clone showed the abnormal inflorescences to have higher concentrations of [9R]Z and [9R]DHZ and less [9G]Z than the normal inflorescences at comparable stages of development.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00210915
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Polyamine Sparing May Be Involved in the Prolongation of Cell Division Due to Inhibition of Phenylpropanoid Synthesis in Cytokinin-Starved Soybean Cells (1997)
    Springer
    Journal of plant growth regulation 16 (1997), S. 89-93 
    Details
    ISSN: 1435-8107
    Keywords: Key Words.Glycine max—Polyamines—Phenolic compounds—l-AOPP—Cell division—Cell elongation—Cytokinin starvation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract. Effects on growth, mostly of an inhibitory nature, have been attributed to phenolic compounds in vivo and in vitro. This suggests that l-α-aminooxy-β-phenylpropionic acid (l-AOPP), a competitive inhibitor of phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (PAL), the enzyme controlling the first step in phenylpropanoid synthesis, might stimulate growth in soybean suspension cultures (Glycine max, cv. Acme). The promotive effect of l-AOPP, measured as an increase in cell number, was more clearly detected in the growth-limiting condition of cytokinin starvation. At least one more cell division cycle was completed in the presence of l-AOPP before growth by division ceased and growth continued by expansion only. Phenolic acids are known to conjugate with polyamines, modulating the free levels of these plant growth substances. Thus, the effect of l-AOPP on the titers of free and conjugated polyamines (putrescine, spermidine, and spermine) was investigated by high performance liquid chromatography in the course of cytokinin starvation. An increased level of free putrescine was detected in the presence of l-AOPP relative to controls, especially in the initial period before growth became restricted to cell expansion. The decrease in free putrescine associated with the cessation of cell division was temporarily delayed, suggesting that an interaction between phenolic acids and polyamines is involved in the mechanism of growth promotion by l-AOPP.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/PL00006983
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Polypeptide ligation occurs during post-translational modification of concanavalin A (1985)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 313 (1985), S. 64-67 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] A proportion of the Con A monomer extracted from mature seeds is cleaved after Asn 118 (ref. 4), yielding three bands on SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (PAGE) (Fig. 1B). An initial observation that some of the monomer extracted from immature seeds had a slightly higher relative molecular ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/313064a0
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The control of bud dormancy in potato tubers (1985)
    Springer
    Planta 165 (1985), S. 359-365 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2048
    Keywords: Bud dormancy ; Chilling ; Cytokinin and dormancy ; Solanum (bud dormancy) ; Tuber storage
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) tuber buds normally remain dormant through the growing season until several weeks after harvest. In the cultivar Majestic, this innate dormancy persisted for 9 to 12 weeks in storage at 10° C, but only 3 to 4 weeks when the tubers were stored at 2° C. At certain stages, supplying cytokinins to tubers with innately dormant buds induced sprout growth within 2 d. The growth rate was comparable to that of buds whose innate dormancy had been lost naturally. Cytokinin-treatment did not accelerate the rates of cell division and cell expansion in buds whose innate dormancy had already broken naturally. Gibberellic acid did not induce sprout growth in buds with innate dormancy. We conclude that cytokinins may well be the primary factor in the switch from innate dormancy to the non-dormant state in potato tuber buds, but probably do not control the subsequent sprout growth.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00392233
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