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  • 1
    Series available for loan
    Series available for loan
    München : Beck
    Associated volumes
    Call number: S 99.0038(433)
    In: Deutsche Geodätische Kommission bei der Bayerischen Akademie der Wissenschaften
    Type of Medium: Series available for loan
    Pages: 168 S.
    ISBN: 3769694767
    Series Statement: Deutsche Geodätische Kommission bei der Bayerischen Akademie der Wissenschaften : Reihe C, Dissertationen 433
    Classification:
    Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing
    Language: German
    Location: Lower compact magazine
    Branch Library: GFZ Library
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1520-4898
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Copenhagen : International Union of Crystallography (IUCr)
    Acta crystallographica 56 (2000), S. 520-523 
    ISSN: 1399-0047
    Source: Crystallography Journals Online : IUCR Backfile Archive 1948-2001
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: A data set from the serine protease porcine pancreatic elastase was collected at atomic resolution (1.1 Å) with synchrotron radiation. The improved resolution allows the determination of atom positions with high accuracy, as well as the localization of H atoms. Three residues could be modelled in alternative positions. The catalytic triad of elastase consists of His57, Asp102 and Ser195. The His57 Nδ1 H atom was located at a distance of 0.82 Å from the Nδ1 atom. The distance between His57 Nδ1 and Asp102 Oδ2 is 2.70 ± 0.04 Å, thus indicating normal hydrogen-bonding geometry. Additional H atoms at His57 Nε2 and Ser195 Oγ could not be identified in the Fo − Fc density maps.
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Palo Alto, Calif. : Annual Reviews
    Annual Review of Phytopathology 34 (1996), S. 387-412 
    ISSN: 0066-4286
    Source: Annual Reviews Electronic Back Volume Collection 1932-2001ff
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Biology
    Notes: Abstract Elicitors are molecules that stimulate any of a number of defense responses in plants. Research over the past decade has focused on the mechanisms by which plant cells perceive and transduce these biological signals to activate defense responses. Of particular interest has been the identification of specific elicitor-binding proteins that might function as physiological receptors in the signal transduction cascade. The existence of specific high-affinity binding sites has been demonstrated for oligosaccharide, glycopeptide, and peptide elicitors, and candidate elicitor-binding proteins have been identified for several of them. The properties of these binding sites/proteins are consistent with those expected of physiologically important receptors, although experimental verification of the role of these binding proteins as receptors has not yet been obtained. The purification and characterization of specific elicitor-binding proteins is essential for a detailed understanding of the molecular basis for the signal exchange between plant hosts and microbial pathogens that leads to activation of host defenses.
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    The @photogrammetric record 17 (2002), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1477-9730
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Architecture, Civil Engineering, Surveying
    Notes: Automatic surface reconstruction by means of digital image matching essentially involves computation in both image and object spaces. In image space, image matching is performed according to certain radiometric and geometric similarity criteria for conjugate point determination. The matching operations may therefore be regarded as decision-making processes. In practice, however, the similarity criteria for conjugate point determination demonstrate non-deterministic behaviour. Thus, the nature of these decision-making processes is more compatible with fuzzy reasoning concepts. In object space, on the other hand, surface reconstruction procedures, which operate on the basis of previously determined conjugate points, are essentially deterministic in nature and hence demand rigorous geometric modelling. In this paper, a new approach for automatic surface modelling is proposed, based on two different mathematical treatments: a fuzzy logic reasoning method for the conjugate point determination in image space; and a robust finite elements approach for the surface modelling in object space. Tests carried out on real data demonstrate the high potential of the strategy proposed.〈section xml:id="abs1-2"〉〈title type="main"〉RésuméLa reconstitution automatique d'une suface au moyen des techniques d'appariement d'images numériques passe par l'exécution de calculs dans les espaces object et image. Dans l'espace image l'appariement d'image qui permet de déterminer les points conjugués s'effectue selon certains critères de similitude géométrique et radiométrique. On peut donc considérer ces opérations d'appariement comme des démarches de prises de décisions. Toutefois il apparaî qu'en pratique les critères de similitude utilisés pour déterminer les points conjugués ne se comportent pas de manière très déterministe. Il s'ensuit que la nature de ces processus de prises de décisions s'apparente davantage à des concepts flous dans le raisonnement. En revancem. dans l'espace objet, les procédures de reconstitution des surfaces, qui s'appuient sur la base des points conjugués précé demment déterminés, sont essentiellement déterministes par nature et exigent par conséquent une modélisation géométrique rigoureuse. On propose dans cet article une nouvelle solution pour la modélisation automatique d'une surface, basée sur deux traitements mathématiques différents: une méthode de raisonnement à logique floue pour la détermination des points conjugués dans l'espace image, et un procédé robuste par éléments finis pour la modélisation de la surface dans l'espace object. Des essais effectués sur des données réelles ont montré que la stratégie proposée offrait de grandes possibilités.〈section xml:id="abs1-3"〉〈title type="main"〉ZusummenfussungBei einer automatischen Oberflächenrekonstruktion durch digitale Bildzuordnung werden üblicherweise Berechnungen sowohl im Bild- als auch im Objektraum durchgeführt. Im Bildraum basiert die Bildzuordnung auf bestimmte radiometrische und geometrische Ähnlichkeiten Für homologe Punkte jedoch ein nicht deterministisches Verhalten. Deshalb ist die Natur dieses Entscheidungsprozesses eher für Fuzzy-Logic Konzepte geeignet. Im Objektraum, sind die Verfahren zur Oberflächenrekonstruktion, die auf vorab bestimmte homologe Punkte basieren, von Natur aus deterministisch, und erfordern daher eine strenge geometrische Modellierung. In diesem Beitrag wird ein neuer Ansatz für die automatische oberflächenmodellierung vorgeschlagen, der auf zwei verschiedenen mathematischen Modellen beruht: eine Fuzzy Logic Methode für die Bestimmung von homologen Punkten im Bildraum, und einer robusten Finite Elemente Methode für die Oberflächenmodellierung im Objektraum. Experimente mit realen Daten zeigen das das große Potential der vorgeschlagenen Strategie.
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK and Boston, USA : Blackwell Publishers Ltd.
    The @photogrammetric record 17 (2002), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1477-9730
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Architecture, Civil Engineering, Surveying
    Notes: Automatic surface reconstruction by means of digital image matching essentially involves computation in both image and object spaces. In image space, image matching is performed according to certain radiometric and geometric similarity criteria for conjugate point determination. The matching operations may therefore be regarded as decision–making processes. In practice, however, the similarity criteria for conjugate point determination demonstrate non–deterministic behaviour. Thus, the nature of these decision–making processes is more compatible with fuzzy reasoning concepts. In object space, on the other hand, surface reconstruction procedures, which operate on the basis of previously determined conjugate points, are essentially deterministic in nature and hence demand rigorous geometric modelling. In this paper, a new approach for automatic surface modelling is proposed, based on two different mathematical treatments: a fuzzy logic reasoning method for the conjugate point determination in image space; and a robust finite elements approach for the surface modelling in object space. Tests carried out on real data demonstrate the high potential of the strategy proposed.
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Physiologia plantarum 93 (1995), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1399-3054
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: We are studying the cellular signaling pathway leading to pterocarpan phytoalexin biosynthesis in soybean that is induced by a branched hepta-β-glucoside originally isolated from the mycelial walls of the phytopathogenic oomycete Phytophthora sojae. Our research has focused on the specific recognition of the hepta-β-glucoside elicitor by binding proteins in soybean cells. Elicitor-binding proteins with properties expected of physiological receptors for the hepta-β-glucoside elicitor have been identified in soybean root membranes. These elicitor-binding proteins co-migrate with a plasma membrane marker (vanadate-sensitive H+-ATPase) on linear sucrose density gradients. Binding of a radio-iodinated derivative of the hepta-β-glucoside elicitor by membrane-localized elicitor-binding proteins is specific, reversible, saturable, and of high affinity (Kd≅ 1 nM). After solubilization with the nonionic detergent, n-dodecylsucrose, the elicitor-binding proteins retain their high affinity (Kd= 1.8 nM) for the radiolabeled elicitor and their binding specificity for elicitor-active oligoglucosides. A direct correlation is observed between the ability of oligoglucosides to displace labeled elicitor from the elicitor-binding proteins and the elicitor activity of the oligosaccharides. Thus, the elicitor-binding proteins recognize the same structural elements of the hepta-β-glucoside elicitor that are essential for its phytoalexin-inducing activity, suggesting that the binding proteins are physiological receptors for the elicitor. Current research is directed toward the purification of the hepta-β-glucoside elicitor-binding proteins by using ligand affinity chromatography. Purification and characterization of the hepta-β-glucoside binding proteins are among the first steps toward elucidating how the hepta-β-glucoside elicitor triggers the signal transduction pathway that ultimately leads to the synthesis of phytoalexins in soybean.
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Zoomorphology 94 (1979), S. 49-66 
    ISSN: 1432-234X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Sechs Ponerinen aus dem Tribus Ponerini wurden auf Abdominaldrüsen untersucht:Leptogenys ocellifera (Roger),Leptogenys chinensis (Mayr),Diacamma sp.,Odontomachus haematodes (L.),Harpegnathus saltator (Jerdon) undPonera coarctata (Latreille). Eine große Vielfalt von verschiedenen Drüsenorganen konnte gefunden werden (Tabelle 1). Bei jeder untersuchten Art fanden wir dorsal zwischen dem 6. und 7. Abdominaltergit eine intersegmentale Komplexdrüse. Die Größe der Drüsen, die Anordnung ihrer Drüsenzellen und die Form der Reservoire sind z.T. sehr unterschiedlich ausgebildet. BeiLeptogenys wie auch beiH. saltator befindet sich intersegmental zwischen dem 6. und 7. Abdominalsternit eine Komplexdrüse.Leptogenys verfügt zusätzlich über eine Komplexdrüse zwischen dem 5. und 6. Abdominalsternit. An der Mündung der gut ausgebildeten Reservoire dieser Drüsen finden sich bei einigen Arten charakteristisch geformte Kutikulastrukturen, die als Oberflächenvergrößerung oder Sekretspeicher interpretiert werden. Tergo-sternal gelegene Bündel von Drüsenzellen finden sich beiDiacamma sp.,P. coarctata, H. saltator und beiO. haematodes. Einen weiteren Drüsentypus bilden Ansammlungen von Epitheldrüsenzellen. BeiL. ocellifera liegen diese Zellen dem 6. Sternit; beiL. chinensis dem 7. Sternit auf. Auch Stacheldrüsen sind in einer ähnlichen Vielfalt vorhanden. BeiDiacamma sp. befinden sich in den Stachelscheiden zwei verschiedene Typen von sezernierenden Zellen, Drüsenzellen mit einem Ausführkanal und Epitheldrüsenzellen. Bei den Vertreterinnen der GattungLeptogenys, O. haematodes undP. coarctata liegt nur der erstere Drüsentyp in ausgeprägter Form vor. Bei diesen Arten wie auch beiH. saltator sind die Epithelzellen der Stachelscheiden im Vergleich zu jenen Epitheldrüsenzellen beiDiacamma sp. geringfügig erhöht. Drüsenzellen mit einem Ausführkanal konnten beiH. saltator in den Stachelscheiden nicht gefunden werden.H. saltator undO. haematodes zeichnen sich an der Membran zwischen den oblongen Platten (Stachelscheidenbasis) durch einen großen paarigen Komplex von sezernierenden Zellen aus. An dieser Stelle finden sich auch beiDiacamma sp.,P. coarctata undL. chinensis einzelne Drüsenzellen. Zusätzlich ist beiDiacamma sp. hier eine Ansammlung von Epitheldrüsenzellen vorhanden, die angedeutet ebenfalls bei den anderen Arten vorliegt. Bei allen untersuchten Arten münden Kanäle von unterschiedlich großen, dorsolateral gelegenen Komplexen von Drüsenzellen in die membranose Verbindung des Stachelapparates mit dem letzten freien Segment. BeiDiacamma sp.,P. coarctata, O. haematodes undH. saltator befinden sich zudem lateral der Spirakularplatten kleine Ansammlungen von Drüsenzellen.Diacamma sp.,P. coarctata undH. saltator verfügen über latero-ventral befindliche Drüsenzellen, deren Kanäle in die Membran zwischen dem Stachelapparat und dem 7. Sternit münden.
    Notes: Summary The abdominal glands of six ponerine ants belonging to the tribe Ponerini were analysed:Leptogenys ocellifera (Roger),Leptogenys chinensis (Mayr),Diacamma sp.,Ponera coarctata (Latreille),Odontomachus haematodes (L.) andHarpegnathus saltator (Jerdon). A great variety of glands was found. An intersegmental complex gland is located between the sixth and seventh abdominal tergite in each species investigated. But size, arrangement of gland cells and shape of reservoir differ. In addition, representatives of the genusLeptogenys andH. saltator both have sternal intersegmental complex glands. InL. ocellifera andL. chinensis these glands are located between the fifth and sixth and also between the sixth and seventh abdominal sternite. InH. saltator one sternal gland is situated between the sixth and seventh abdominal sternite. In some species we found characteristical sculptures on the cuticle at the orifice of the well developed reservoirs of the glands. These sculptures could be interpreted as an enlarging of the surface of the cuticle or as a reservoir. Another type of gland cells are epithelial glandular cells. They form distinct layers on the seventh sternite inL. chinensis and on the sixth sternite inL. ocellifera. Tergo-sternal bunches of secretory cells were observed inDiacamma sp.,P. coarctata, H. saltator and inO. haematodes. A similar variety of glands was found associated with the sting apparatus in the gonostyli, at the membrane between the two oblong plates and at the membranous connections between the sting apparatus and the last abdominal segment. InDiacamma sp. two distinct glandular cells are located in the gonostylar sclerites, i.e. secretory cells, each drained by a cuticular ductule and epithelial glandular cells. In the two representatives of the genusLeptogenys, inO. haematodes and inP. coarctata only the first type of gland cell was found. In these species as well as inH. saltator the epidermal cells of the gonostylar sclerites form different states of transition from degenerated epithelial cells to glandular epithelial cells. InH. saltator there are no secretory cells with a cuticular ductule in the gonostyli. Likewise, large paired complexes of gland cells were found at the base of two genostylar sclerites inH. saltator and inO. haernatodes. Though less developed, gland cells of the latter type are inDiacamma sp., P. coarctata and inL. chinensis also located at the base of the gonostyli. InDiacamma sp. the epidermal cells of the membrane connecting the two gonostyli do have secretory function. In the other species investigated they are less developed, and a secretory function cannot be considered certain. In each species investigated ductules of gland cells also open dorsolaterally into the sting chamber. Furthermore inDiacamma sp.P. coarctata, O. haematodes and inH. saltator, ductules of gland cells also open laterally and, except inO. haematodes, latero-ventrally into the membranous connection between the sting apparatus and the last abdominal segment.
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  • 9
    ISSN: 1432-1939
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary Most of the approximately 40 species of the Old World harvester ant genus Messor live in warm and dry Mediterranean areas. One species, M. rufitarsis, is found in isolated Northern temperate habitats in Rheinhessen and the Rheingau area in Hessen, West Germany. These habitats are characterized by a great diversity of spermatophytes, so that permanently changing seed resources are available for the ants during the growing period. M. rufitarsis has maintained its granivorous specialization under these habitat conditions and collects most of the seed resources, which show a large fluctuation in quantity, quality and distributional pattern throughout the year. M. rufitarsis is very flexible in using different foraging strategies. For discovering newly ripened food resources and collecting wide-spread single seeds, an individual foraging strategy is used. However, dense seed resources are exploited through an effective recruitment system. Nestmates are guided to the feeding place by means of orientation-recruitment trails from Dufour's gland. Additional invitation behaviour enhances the success of recruitment. From analysis of slow-motion movies it is concluded that stridulation is the crucial signal of the invitation behaviour.
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  • 10
    ISSN: 1432-2048
    Keywords: Key words: Binding site (glucan) – Elicitor – Hepta-β-glucoside – Medicarpin –Phytophthora– Signal transduction
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract.  Previous studies have led to the identification and characterization of specific, high-affinity binding sites for a hepta-β-glucoside elicitor in soybean. A survey of plant species for elicitor-binding activity reveals that among the plants tested, the hepta-β-glucoside elicitor is only recognized by plants belonging to the legume family. We have characterized in detail the glucan elicitor-binding site in the model legume Medicago truncatula Gaertn., and partially characterized the site in Lotus japonicus. These sites have characteristics that are very similar to the one in soybean, with dissociation constants of 4.7 and 8.9 nM respectively. The elicitor-binding sites from both plants are stable during solubilization with non-ionic alkylglycoside detergents. However, differences are observed in the abundance of the binding sites and their selectivity towards structurally related analogues of the hepta-β-glucoside elicitor. Our results suggest that similar, but perhaps not identical, binding sites for the hepta-β-glucoside elicitor exist in diverse legumes, but not in plants outside of the legume family.
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