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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    s.l. ; Stafa-Zurich, Switzerland
    Advances in science and technology Vol. 45 (Oct. 2006), p. 1711-1716 
    ISSN: 1662-0356
    Source: Scientific.Net: Materials Science & Technology / Trans Tech Publications Archiv 1984-2008
    Topics: Natural Sciences in General , Technology
    Notes: The competitiveness of component parts made of advanced ceramics results almost exclusivelyfrom the properties of the material in use. However, it is restricted by the constantly high costs ofpart manufacture especially in the finishing stage. The results of recent investigations beingpresented in this paper demonstrate an increase in productivity of material removal via theapplication of the innovative technology of ultrasonic assisted grinding. During the manufacture ofthrough holes or grooves in ceramic materials such as Al2O3, Zr2O, SSN and SiC this process ischaracterized by significant less process forces and lower process temperatures in comparison withconventional grinding processes. In order to deepen the process knowledge of this modifiedgrinding process two different simulation tools have been introduced. A voxel-based approach formodeling of the material removal as well as CFD-simulation of the unique cooling lubricant flowconditions proved their capability as an optimization tool
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Developmental Biology 154 (1992), S. 45-54 
    ISSN: 0012-1606
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Biology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Zeitschrift für anorganische Chemie 522 (1985), S. 217-225 
    ISSN: 0044-2313
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Investigations of the Alkaline Degradation of Amorphous Silica by Means of Conductivity MeasurementsTwo silicas produced in different ways are characterized by conductometric pursuit of their reaction in alkaline medium. It is tried to interpret the parameters obtained by formal kinetic analysis of the measured results according the Avrami-Erofeev-equation and to receive references to the mechanism of the reaction.
    Notes: Zwei unterschiedlich hergestellte Kieselgele werden durch konduktometrische Verfolgung ihrer alkalischen Abbaureaktion charakterisiert. Es wird versucht, die durch formalkinetische Auswertung der Meßergebnisse nach der Avrami-Erofeev-Gleichung erhaltenen Parameter zu intieren und Hinweise auf den Reaktionsmechanismus zu erhalten.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Zeitschrift für anorganische Chemie 617 (1992), S. 169-177 
    ISSN: 0044-2313
    Keywords: Layered sodium silicates ; Disilicates ; Solidstate NMR ; Magic-angle spinning NMR ; 29Si MAS NMR ; 23Na MAS NMR ; Quadrupolar nuclei ; Line shape simulation ; Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: 29Si and 23Na Solid State MAS NMR Investigations of Modifications of the Sodium Phyllosilicate Na2Si2O5.The results of 29Si- and 23Na-MAS NMR investigations on four modifications of the synthetic Na2Si2O5 demonstrate that the α-, β- and δ-modifications are characterized unequivocally by the parameters of the corresponding NMR spectra. The studies on γ-Na2Si2O5 show that this sample contains a large amount of secondary compounds. For α- und β-Na2Si2O5 the the structural details of the silicate sheets are reflected by the 29Si MAS NMR spectra while from the 23Na MAS NMR spectra conclusions about the coordination number of the sodium atoms can be derived. The 29Si MAS NMR investigations on δ-Na2Si2O5 indicate that the silicate sheet of this modification consist of identical SiO4-tetrahydra the parameter of which differ from those of α- and β-Na2Si2O5. The 23Na MAS NMR studies show that in the interlayer space of δ-Na2Si2O5 two nonidentical sodium atoms exists. The NMR results give rise to the suggestion that one of the sodium is surrounded by five and the other one by six oxygen atoms.
    Notes: Die Ergebnisse von 29Si- und 23Na-MAS-NMR-Untersuchungen an vier Modifikationen des synthetischen Na2Si2O5 zeigen, daß sich die α-, β- und δ-Modifikationen eindeutig durch die Parameter ihrer NMR-Spektren voneinander unterscheiden lassen. Die Untersuchungen an γ-Na2Si2O5 weisen starke Verunreinigungen der Probe durch Nebenkomponenten nach. Für α- und β-Na2Si2O5 widerspiegeln die 29Si-MAS-NMR-Spektren die strukturellen Details der Silicatschichten, während sich aus den 23Na-MAS-NMR-Spektren Rückschlüsse auf die Koordinationszahl des Natriums ableiten lassen. Die 29Si-MAS-NMR-Untersuchungen an δ-Na2Si2O5 weisen darauf hin, daß die Silicatschicht in dieser Modifikation aus einheitlichen SiO4-Tetraedern aufgebaut ist, deren Strukturparameter sich jedoch von denen in α- und β-Na2Si2O5 unterscheiden. Die 23Na-MAS-NMR-Untersuchungen zeigen, daß in der Zwischenschicht des δ-Na2Si2O5 zwei nichtidentische Natriumatome existieren. Die NMR-Ergebnisse lassen vermuten, daß das eine Natriumatom fünffach, das andere sechsfach von Sauerstoffatomen koordiniert ist.
    Additional Material: 8 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    ISSN: 0044-2313
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Solid-State High Resolution N.M.R. Studies of Silicic Acids. I. Solid-State High Resolution 29Si N.M.R. Studies of Polycrystalline Phyllosilicic Acids (H2Si2O5)x at Low and High Magnetic Fields29Si NMR studies of two samples of phyllosilicic acid show that these samples represent two phases of (H2Si2O5)x, which can be distinguished by the different isotropic values of the chemical shift, while the amounts and the signs of the anisotropy of their 29Si-shielding tensors agree. The sample A (α-phase) consists of a pure phyllosilicic acid with a regular layer structure, while the sample B (δ-phase) is characterized as a phyllosilicic acid with partial high-condensed areas. From N.M.R. data a model is deduced to describe the structure of this sample. The field-dependence of the line widths for both phases leads to the conclusion that in phyllosilicic acids a distribution of the structural parameters of the SiO4 tetrahedrons appears. The discussion of the shielding anisotropy data of both (H2Si2O5)x phases suggests a picture of the crystal structures, which is in disagreement with the known crystal structure of (H2Si2O5)x-I.
    Notes: 29Si-NMR-Untersuchungen an zwei verschiedenen Formen von Phyllokieselsäure (H2Si2O5)x zeigen, daß sich die isotropen Werte der chemischen Verschiebung unterscheiden, während Betrag und Vorzeichen der Anisotropie des Abschirmtensors übereinstimmen. Die isotropen Werte der chemischen Verschiebung können daher zur Charakterisierung der beiden Proben herangezogen werden. Die untersuchte Probe A (α-Form) ist eine reine Phyllokieselsäure mit Schichtstruktur, während die untersuchte Probe B (δ-Form) eine Phyllokieselsäure mit partiell höherkondensierten Bereichen darstellt. Aus den NMR-Daten wird ein Modell zur Beschreibung dieser Struktur abgeleitet. Die Feldabhängigkeit der Linienbreiten der NMR-Signale beider Formen weist auf eine Verteilung von Strukturparametern der SiO4-Tetraeder in den Phyllokieselsäuren hin. Die Diskussion der Anisotropie des Abschirmtensors führt für beide (H2Si2O5)x-Formen zur Strukturaussagen, die im Widerspruch zur bekannten Struktur von (H2Si2O5)x-I stehen.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
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  • 6
    ISSN: 0044-2313
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Solid-State High Resolution N.M.R. Studies of Silicic Acids. II. Solid-State High Resolution 1H N.M.R. Studies of Polycrystalline Phyllosilicic Acids (H2Si2O5)x by Using Combined Multiple Pulse Magic Angle Spinning Techniques at Low and High Magnetic FieldsThe α- and δ-phases of the phyllosilicic acid (H2Si2O5)x are studied by means of multiple pulse techniques (MREV8, BR24) and combined multiple pulse-magic angle spinning experiments at low (1.42 T) and high (6.35 T) magnetic fields. In addition to the main signal due to SiOH groups the NMR spectra of both samples show a small peak which can be assigned to water molecules. For the SiOH groups of both phases the anisotropy of the proton shielding tensors Δσ and the isotropic chemical shift values δ are obtained. According to the N.M.R. results a model for the hydrogen bonds is derived for the phyllosilicic acids. Compared with the α-phase, the SiOH groups in the δ-phase form weaker hydrogen bonds.
    Notes: Die α- und die δ-Form der Phyllokieselsäure (H2Si2O5)x werden mit Hilfe von 1H-Vielimpulsverfahren (MREV8, BR24) und kombinierten Verfahren von Vielimpulsmethode und schnellrotierender Probe zur NMR-Festkörperhochauflösung bei tiefem (1,42 T) und hohem (6,35 T) Magnetfeld untersucht. Die NMR-Spektren beider Proben weisen neben dem SiOH-Signal als Hauptkomponente eine Nebenkomponente auf, die als Wassersignale identifiziert werden. Für die SiOH-Gruppen in beiden Formen der Phyllokieselsäure werden die Anisotropie des Abschirmtensors der Protonen Δσ und der isotrope Wert der chemischen 1H-Verschiebung δ bestimmt. Auf Grundlage dieser Werte wird ein Modell für die Wasserstoffbrückenbindung in den Phyllokieselsäuren abgeleitet. Im Vergleich zur α-Form bilden die SiOH-Gruppen in δ-(H2Si2O5)x-schwächere Wasserstoffbrücken aus.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
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  • 7
    Publication Date: 2017-09-22
    Description: A variety of physical mechanisms are jointly responsible for facilitating air-sea gas transfer through turbulent processes at the atmosphere-ocean interface. The nature and relative importance of these mechanisms evolves with increasing wind speed. Theoretical and modeling approaches are advancing, but the limited quantity of observational data at high wind speeds hinders the assessment of these efforts. The HiWinGS project successfully measured gas transfer coefficients ( k 660 ) with coincident wave statistics under conditions with hourly mean wind speeds up to 24 m s −1 and significant wave heights to 8 m. Measurements of k 660 for carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) and dimethylsulfide (DMS) show an increasing trend with respect to 10-meter neutral wind speed (U 10 N ), following a power-law relationship of the form: and . Among seven high wind speed events, CO 2 transfer responded to the intensity of wave breaking, which depended on both wind speed and sea state in a complex manner, with k 660 co2 increasing as the wind sea approaches full development. A similar response is not observed for DMS. These results confirm the importance of breaking waves and bubble injection mechanisms in facilitating CO 2 transfer. A modified version of the Coupled Ocean-Atmosphere Response Experiment Gas transfer algorithm (COAREG ver. 3.5), incorporating a sea state-dependent calculation of bubble-mediated transfer, successfully reproduces the mean trend in observed k 660 with wind speed for both gases. Significant suppression of gas transfer by large waves was not observed during HiWinGS, in contrast to results from two prior field programs.
    Print ISSN: 0148-0227
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Published by Wiley on behalf of American Geophysical Union (AGU).
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  • 8
    Publication Date: 1994-10-01
    Print ISSN: 0022-3093
    Electronic ISSN: 1873-4812
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Published by Elsevier
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  • 9
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