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  • 1
    Publication Date: 2016-03-20
    Description: Infrared (IR) satellite-based sensors allow the detection and quantification of volcanic hot spots. Sensors flown on geostationary satellites are particularly helpful in the early warning and continuous tracking of effusive activity. Development of operational monitoring and dissemination systems is essential to achieve the real-time ingestion and processing of IR data for a timely response during volcanic crises. HOTVOLC is a web-based satellite-data-driven monitoring system developed at the Observatoire de Physique du Globe de Clermont-Ferrand (Clermont-Ferrand), designed to achieve near-real-time monitoring of volcanic activity using on-site ingestion of geostationary satellite data (e.g. MSG-SEVIRI, MTSAT, GOES-Imager). Here we present the characteristics of the HOTVOLC system for the monitoring of effusive activity. The system comprises two acquisition stations and secure databases (i.e. mirrored archives). The detection of volcanic hot spots uses a contextual algorithm that is based on a modified form of the Normalized Thermal Index (NTI*) and VAST. Raster images and numerical data are available to open-access on a Web-GIS interface. Tests are carried out and presented here, particularly for the 12–13 January 2011 eruption of Mount Etna, to show the capability of the system to provide quantitative information such as lava volume and time-averaged discharge rate. Examples of operational application reveal the ability of the HOTVOLC system to provide timely thermal information about volcanic hot spot activity.
    Print ISSN: 0305-8719
    Electronic ISSN: 2041-4927
    Topics: Geosciences
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  • 2
    Publication Date: 2015-02-01
    Print ISSN: 0377-0273
    Electronic ISSN: 1872-6097
    Topics: Geosciences
    Published by Elsevier
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  • 3
    Publication Date: 2016-01-01
    Print ISSN: 0305-8719
    Electronic ISSN: 2041-4927
    Topics: Geosciences
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  • 4
    Publication Date: 2012-03-28
    Print ISSN: 0094-8276
    Electronic ISSN: 1944-8007
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
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  • 5
    Publication Date: 2021-06-09
    Description: We present a new method that uses cooling curves, apparent in high temporal resolution thermal data acquired by geostationary sensors, to estimate erupted volumes and mean output rates during short lava fountaining events. The 15 minute temporal resolution of the data allows phases of waxing and peak activity to be identified during short (150-to- 810 minute-long) events. Cooling curves, which decay over 8-to-21 hour-periods following the fountaining event, can also be identified. Application to 19 fountaining events recorded at Etna by MSG’s SEVIRI sensor between 10 January 2011 and 9 January 2012, yields a total erupted dense rock lava volume of 28 106 m3, with a maximum intensity of 227 m3 s 1 being obtained for the 12 August 2011 event. The timeaveraged output over the year was 0.9 m3 s 1, this being the same as the rate that has characterized Etna’s effusive activity for the last 40 years.
    Description: We are grateful to EUMETSAT for SEVIRI data.
    Description: Published
    Description: L06305
    Description: 1.5. TTC - Sorveglianza dell'attività eruttiva dei vulcani
    Description: JCR Journal
    Description: restricted
    Keywords: satellite ; lava fountains ; Etna ; erupted volume ; 04. Solid Earth::04.08. Volcanology::04.08.06. Volcano monitoring
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: article
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  • 6
    Publication Date: 2021-06-09
    Description: In the paper by Gouhier, M., Harris, A., Calvari, S., Labazuy, P., Guéhenneux, Y., Donnadieu, F., Valade, S, entitled “Lava discharge during Etna’s January 2011 fire fountain tracked using MSG-SEVIRI” (Bull Volcanol (2012) 74:787–793, DOI 10.1007/s00445-011-0572-y), we present data from a Doppler radar (VOLDORAD 2B). This ground-based Lband radar has been monitoring the eruptive activity of the summit craters of Mt. Etna in real-time since July 2009 from a site about 3.5 km SSE of the craters. Examples of applications of this type of radar are reviewed by Donnadieu (2012) and shown on the VOLDORAD website (http://wwwobs. univbpclermont.fr/SO/televolc/voldorad/). Although designed and owned by the Observatoire de Physique du Globe in Clermont-Ferrand (OPGC), France, VOLDORAD 2B is operated jointly with the INGV-Catania (Italy) in the framework of a technical and scientific collaboration agreement between the INGV of Catania, the French CNRS and the OPGC-Université Blaise Pascal in Clermont- Ferrand. The system also utilizes a dedicated micropatch antenna designed at the University of Calabria (Boccia et al. 2010) and owned by INGV. The objective of the joint acquisition of the radar data by INGV-Catania and the OPGC is twofold: (1) to mitigate volcanic risks at Etna by better assessing the hazards arising from ash plumes and (2) to allow detailed study of volcanic activity and its environmental impact. In the paper by Gouhier et al. (2012), we failed to highlight this important collaboration between the INGV Catania and the OPGC; a cooperation essential for the past, current and future generation of such valuable data sets. Specifically we wish to acknowledge the roles of Mauro Coltelli, Michele Prestifilippo and Simona Scollo for their important input into this project, and pivotal role in setting up, and maintaining, this collaborative deployment.
    Description: Published
    Description: 1261
    Description: 1.5. TTC - Sorveglianza dell'attività eruttiva dei vulcani
    Description: JCR Journal
    Description: restricted
    Keywords: Etna volcano ; lava fountain ; 04. Solid Earth::04.08. Volcanology::04.08.06. Volcano monitoring
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: article
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  • 7
    Publication Date: 2021-06-09
    Description: Etna's January 2011 eruption provided an excellent opportunity to test the ability of Meteosat Second Generation satellite's Spinning Enhanced Visible and InfraRed Imager (SEVIRI) sensor to track a short-lived effusive event. The presence of lava fountaining, the rapid expansion of lava flows, and the complexity of the resulting flow field make such events difficult to track from the ground. During the Etna's January 2011 eruption, we were able to use thermal data collected by SEVIRI every 15 min to generate a time series of the syn-eruptive heat flux. Lava discharge waxed over a ~1-h period to reach a peak that was first masked from the satellite view by a cold tephra plume and then was of sufficient intensity to saturate the 3.9-μm channel. Both problems made it impossible to estimate time-averaged lava discharge rates using the syn-eruptive heat flux curve. Therefore, through integration of data obtained by ground-based Doppler radar and thermal cameras, as well as ancillary satellite data (from Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectrometer and Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer), we developed a method that allowed us to identify the point at which effusion stagnated, to allow definition of a lava cooling curve. This allowed retrieval of a lava volume of ~1.2×106 m3, which, if emitted for 5 h, was erupted at a mean output rate of ~70 m3 s−1. The lava volume estimated using the cooling curve method is found to be similar to the values inferred from field measurements.
    Description: This work was supported by the Centre National d’Etudes Spatiales (CNES-France) and CNRS-INSU.
    Description: Published
    Description: 787–793
    Description: 1.5. TTC - Sorveglianza dell'attività eruttiva dei vulcani
    Description: JCR Journal
    Description: restricted
    Keywords: Etna volcano ; lava flux ; 04. Solid Earth::04.08. Volcanology::04.08.06. Volcano monitoring
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: article
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