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  • 1
    ISSN: 1432-1203
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract We have analyzed the β-thalassemia mutations in 99 chromosomes of 49 adults with β-thalassemia major and of one with Hb S-β-thalassemia, who are regular patients at a large hematology clinic in Bakü, Azerbaijan. A total of 20 different mutants were identified; three [frameshift at codon 8 (-AA); IVS-II-I (G→A); IVS-I-110 (G→A)] were present in about two-thirds of all chromosomes. Most alleles are the same as found in Mediterranean populations; a few have an Asian origin or come from Kurdistan, Lebanon, Saudi Arabia, or a black population. One mutant [frameshift at codons 82/ 83 (-G)] might be specific for the Azerbaijanian population. Nearly all patients were transfused, which made quantitation of Hb F impossible; highGγ values were present in the Hb F of those patients whose β-thalassemia chromosome carried the C → T mutation at position — 158 in the promoter of the Gγ-globin gene.
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1432-1203
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary We have identified different β-thalassemia mutations in 93 members of 34 families of Czech or Slovakian descent using gene amplification, hybridization with specific 32P-labeled oligonucleotide probes, sequencing of amplified DNA, and gene mapping. The G→A mutation at IVS-I-1 was found in 18 families; other Mediterranean mutations were IVS-II-1 (G→A), IVS-II-745 (C→G), IVS-I-110 (G→A), and codon 39 (C→T); these were present in 9 additional families. The G→T mutation at codon 121, known to cause Heinzbody β-thalassemia, was present in 3 families, and the frameshift at codons 82/83 (-G), first described in the Azerbaijanian population, in 2 families. A newly discovered allele was a frameshift at codons 38/39 (-C). One β-thalassemia allele was incompletely characterized. We observed in 2 families a T→C mutation at position +96 UTR (untranslated region) relative to the termination codon; this mutation likely is a rare polymorphism, α-Thalassemia was rare; only one person carried the -α3.7 heterozygosity, and one other had a yet to be identified α-thalassemia-1, while seven had the αααanti 3.7 triplication.
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    s.l. ; Stafa-Zurich, Switzerland
    Advanced materials research Vol. 32 (Feb. 2008), p. 241-244 
    ISSN: 1662-8985
    Source: Scientific.Net: Materials Science & Technology / Trans Tech Publications Archiv 1984-2008
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: This paper presents a concurrent multiscale study for the deformation mechanism of monocrystallinecopper under dynamic uniaxial tension. The multiscale simulation is based on the coupledmeshless and molecular dynamic (MD) method. Using it, the size of computational model can beextended to a large dimension (in micrometer) with an atomistic resolution. The pure MD simulationis difficult to reach this microscopic dimension because the number of atoms will be too large. In thisstudy, it has been revealed that the deformation behavior and mechanism of the copper is sensitive toits size, geometry, and loading strain rate. In addition, the Young’s modulus is found to be independentof the cross-sectional size and the strain rate range considered in this study. On the other hand, theyield stress decreases with specimen length and increases with the loading strain rate
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    s.l. ; Stafa-Zurich, Switzerland
    Advanced materials research Vol. 32 (Feb. 2008), p. 263-266 
    ISSN: 1662-8985
    Source: Scientific.Net: Materials Science & Technology / Trans Tech Publications Archiv 1984-2008
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Meshless method has advantages in analyzing the deformation around a crack. However,the effectiveness of such method is influenced by the treatment of local support domain which is abase for an appropriate selection of field nodes in the construction of shape functions. In the currentpractice, the methods to determine support domain have some drawbacks. It is therefore beneficialto develop a more flexible technique for determining the support domain in crack simulation. Thispaper presents such a technique which could be used in both regularly and irregularly distributednodes. Numerical examples show that the technique produces accurate results in these twosituations. Moreover, the new technique can be integrated with different types of meshless methodsto provide an effective way in handling arbitrary nodal distribution to meet the needs of solutions toproblems with complex geometric boundaries
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    s.l. ; Stafa-Zurich, Switzerland
    Key engineering materials Vol. 340-341 (June 2007), p. 955-960 
    ISSN: 1013-9826
    Source: Scientific.Net: Materials Science & Technology / Trans Tech Publications Archiv 1984-2008
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: This paper presents a concurrent multiscale method for the stress analysis of solids usinga coupled meshless and molecular dynamic analysis. A new transition algorithm using transitionparticles was employed to ensure the compatibility of both displacements and their gradients. Theequivalent continuum strain energy density was obtained locally based on the atomic potential andCauchy-Born rule, and hence plasticity can be easily handled in not only the atomic domain but alsothe continuum domain. Numerical examples demonstrated that the present multiscale technique hasa promising potential of application to multiscale systems subjected to deformation
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : International Union of Crystallography (IUCr)
    Acta crystallographica 41 (1985), S. 476-478 
    ISSN: 1600-5724
    Source: Crystallography Journals Online : IUCR Backfile Archive 1948-2001
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: Different methods for resolving the phase ambiguity resulting from the OAS (one-wavelength anomalous scattering) technique are compared in the application to two model protein structures. It is concluded that the information from both Sim's and Cochran's distributions is valuable in separating the phase doublets. However, the combination of Sim's and Cochran's distributions can lead to a better result than that obtainable by using either alone.
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  • 7
    ISSN: 1399-0047
    Source: Crystallography Journals Online : IUCR Backfile Archive 1948-2001
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: A multisolution direct method has been proposed to resolve the phase ambiguity intrinsic in single isomorphous replacement data of proteins with the replacing atoms in a centrosymmetric arrangement. The phase ambiguity of each reflection is in fact a `sign ambiguity' of the phase difference between the phase of the native protein and that of the replacing atoms, i.e. ± |Δφ| = φ − φ′. The P+ probability formula can be used to derive the signs. The multisolution phasing procedure is initiated using random starting values of P+. A cluster analysis is used instead of figures of merit to find the correct solution. The direct-method phases can be further improved by density-modification techniques. The method was tested with the experimental SIR data at 2 Å resolution from a known protein aPP; satisfactory results were obtained.
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Bradford : Emerald
    Engineering computations 21 (2004), S. 9-22 
    ISSN: 0264-4401
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Technology
    Notes: In this paper, a new density-stiffness interpolation scheme for topology optimization of continuum structures is proposed. Based on this new scheme, not only the so-called checkerboard pattern can be eliminated from the final optimal topology, but also the boundary-smooth effect associated with the traditional sensitivity averaging approach can also be overcome. A proof of the existence of the solution of the optimization problem is also given, therefore mesh independent optimization results can be obtained. Numerical examples illustrate the effectiveness and the advantage of the proposed interpolation scheme.
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Physics of Plasmas 2 (1995), S. 3461-3465 
    ISSN: 1089-7674
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Using uniform illumination of a high-power laser on inclined plane targets and impedance-match targets, we have studied the shock stability in Al and measured the shock adiabats of Fe and SiO2 by recording the shock luminant signals from the back surface of the targets with an optical streak camera. Experiments show that the shock wave is steady in the thickness range of (20–40) μm in Al. The reliable shock adiabats of Fe and SiO2 were obtained in the pressure range of (0.35–0.82)TPa and (0.21–0.41)TPa, respectively. © 1995 American Institute of Physics.
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Physics of Plasmas 9 (2002), S. 3201-3204 
    ISSN: 1089-7674
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Using a special flyer-inclined target, the dynamic characters of a flyer were investigated experimentally for the first time. On the basis of the observation of the shock luminescent signal from the rear surface of a target impacted continuously by the flyer, it appears that the flyer has a steady flying velocity of ∼30.3 km/s after flying a distance longer than ∼30 μm at irradiance of ∼0.8×1014 W/cm2. An experiment on the effect of increasing pressure with the flyer technique was also carried out, and showed that the shock pressure obtained with a flyer was six times more than that without a flyer. © 2002 American Institute of Physics.
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