Call number:
AWI A10-92-0279
;
MOP 47991
Type of Medium:
Monograph available for loan
Pages:
XIII, 519 S : graph. Darst.
,
24 cm
Edition:
2nd ed.
ISBN:
0195051343
Note:
CONTENTS:
1. INTRODUCTION. -
1.1 The nature of the problem. -
1.2 The thermal structure of the atmosphere. -
1.3 The chemical composition of the atmosphere. -
Bibliography. -
2. THEORY OF RADIATIVE TRANSFER. -
2.1 Definitions. -
2.1.1 Intensity, flux, energy density. -
2.1.2 Extinction and emission. -
2.1.3 Simple scattering. -
2.2 Thermal emission. -
2.2.1 Thermodynamic equilibrium. -
2.2.2 Breakdown of thermodynamic equilibrium. -
2.2.3 The interaction between matter and radiation. -
2.2.4 Discussion of the source function. -
2.2.5 Transitions between more than two levels. -
2.3 The integral equations. -
2.3.1 Introduction. -
2.3.2 The general solution. -
2.3.3 Thermal radiation in a stratified atmosphere. -
2.3.4 Solar radiation in a stratified atmosphere. -
2.4 Approximate methods for thermal radiation. -
2.4.1 The atmospheric problem. -
2.4.2 Transparent and opaque approximations. -
2.4.3 Approximate forms for the absorption coefficient. -
2.4.4 The method of moments in three dimensions. -
2.4.5 Approximations for a stratified atmosphere. -
Bibliography. -
3. VIBRATION-ROTATION SPECTRA OF GASEOUS MOLECULES. -
3.1 Introduction. -
3.2 Vibration-rotation spectra. -
3.2.1 The Hamiltonian for a semirigid molecule. -
3.2.2 The states of the harmonic-oscillator, rigid-rotator model. -
3.2.3 Selection rules and line intensities. -
3.2.4 Interactions. -
3.3 The shape of a spectral line. -
3.3.1 Introduction. -
3.3.2 The Michelson-Lorentz theory. -
3.3.3 An adiabatic model. -
3.3.4 The Anderson-Tsao-Curnutte theory. -
3.3.5 The far wings of pressure-broadened lines. -
3.3.6 Doppler effects. -
3.4 Collision-induced and polymer spectra. -
3.5 Overview. -
Bibliography. -
4. BAND MODELS. -
4.1 Introduction. -
4.2 Isolated lines. -
4.2.1 Single line of Lorentz shape. -
4.2.2 Single line with a Voigt profile. -
4.3 Distributed line intensities. -
4.3.1 Distribution functions. -
4.3.2 Application to the Lorentz profile. -
4.3.3 Application to the Doppler and Voigt profiles. -
4.4 The effect of overlap. -
4.4.1 Schnaidt's model. -
4.4.2 The method of Matossi, Meyer, and Rauscher. -
4.5 Regular models. -
4.5.1 The Elsasser model for Lorentz lines. -
4.5.2 The Curtis model. -
4.5.3 The Elsasser model for the Voigt profile. -
4.6 Random models. -
4.6.1 Introduction. -
4.6.2 Constant line intensity. -
4.6.3 The general random model. -
4.6.4 Verification of the theory. -
4.7 Generalized transmission functions. -
4.7.1 Superimposed regular and random bands. -
4.7.2 Deviations from the Voigt profile. -
4.7.3 Background continuum. -
4.8 k distributions. -
4.8.1 Band models and spectral representations. -
4.8.2 Calculations of k distributions. -
4.8.3 Overlapping bands. -
4.9 Models of complete bands. -
4.9.1 Band absorption areas. -
4.9.2 Empirical models. -
4.9.3 Exponential band contour. -
4.9.4 Semiempirical treatment. -
Bibliography. -
5. ABSORPTION BY ATMOSPHERIC GASES. -
5.1 Introduction. -
5.2 Nitrogen. -
5.3 Oxygen. -
5.3.1 Ultraviolet, molecular absorptions. -
5.3.2 Forbidden bands in the vibration-rotation spectrum. -
5.3.3 The "atmospheric" bands. -
5.3.4 The collision-induced spectrum. -
5.3.5 Atomic oxygen. -
5.4 Water vapor. -
5.4.1 The vibration-rotation spectrum. -
5.4.2 Listed data. -
5.4.3 Continuum absorption. -
5.5 Carbon dioxide. -
5.5.1 The vibration-rotation spectrum. -
5.5.2 Listed data. -
5.5.3 The collision-induced rotation spectrum. -
5.6 Ozone. -
5.6.1 Electronic bands. -
5.6.2 The vibration-rotation spectrum. -
5.7 Nitrous oxide, carbon monoxide, and methane. -
5.7.1 Nitrous oxide. -
5.7.2 Carbon monoxide. -
5.7.3 Methane. -
Bibliography. -
6. RADIATION CALCULATIONS IN A CLEAR ATMOSPHERE. -
6.1 Introduction. -
6.1.1 Line-by-line calculations. -
6.1.2 The angular integration. -
6.1.3 The frequency integration. -
6.2 Transmission through a nonhomogeneous atmosphere. -
6.2.1 Exact solutions for constant mixing ratio. -
6.2.2 Scaling approximations. -
6.2.3 The H-C-G approximation. -
6.2.4 Correlated k. -
6.3 Topics concerning heating rates. -
6.3.1 The Chapman layer. -
6.3.2 The Curtis matrix. -
6.3.3 Calculations for the middle atmosphere. -
6.4 Approximate methods. -
6.4.1 Exchange of radiation with the boundaries. -
6.4.2 Use of emissivities. -
6.4.3 Radiation charts. -
6.5 The inverse problem for thermal radiation. -
6.5.1 The Kernel functions. -
6.5.2 A "physical" approach to retrieval. -
6.5.3 Linear analysis. -
Bibliography. -
7. EXTINCTION BY MOLECULES AND DROPLETS. -
7.1 The problem in terms of the electromagnetic theory. -
7.2 Scattering functions. -
7.3 Rayleigh's solution for small particles. -
7.4 Large particles as |m̃| → 1,300. -
7.5 Geometric optics. -
7.6 The Mie theory. -
7.7 Nonspherical particles. -
Bibliography. -
8. RADIATIVE TRANSFER IN A SCATTERING ATMOSPHERE. -
8.1 Introduction. -
8.2 Integrodifferential equation. -
8.2.1 Fourier series expansion. -
8.2.2 Discrete ordinates. -
8.2.3 Feautrier method. -
8.3 Interaction principle. -
8.3.1 Adding two layers. -
8.3.2 The star semigroup. -
8.3.3 Doubling and adding. -
8.3.4 Invariant imbedding. -
8.3.5 X, Y, and H functions. -
8.4 Miscellaneous methods. -
8.4.1 Successive orders of scattering. -
8.4.2 The integral equation. -
8.4.3 Monte Carlo. -
8.4.4 Distribution of path lengths. -
8.4.5 Low-order approximations for anisotropic scattering. -
8.5 Numerical results. -
8.5.1 The diffusion exponent. -
8.5.2 X, Y, and H functions. -
8.5.3 Internal radiation field. -
8.5.4 Scattering by haze. -
8.5.5 Convergence of successive scatterings. -
8.5.6 The accuracy of low-order approximations. -
8.6 Applications. -
8.6.1 Solar and thermal fluxes in stratocumulus clouds. -
8.6.2 Polarization of light reflected from Venus. -
8.6.3 Scattered light in the stratosphere. -
8.6.4 Scattered light in clear water. -
8.6.5 CO2 lines in the reflection spectrum of Venus. -
8.6.6 The color and polarization of skylight. -
Bibliography. -
9. ATMOSPHERES IN RADIATIVE EQUILIBRIUM. -
9.1 Introduction. -
9.2 An elementary solution. -
9.2.1 Without solar absorption. -
9.2.2 Absorption of solar radiation. -
9.3 Nongrey atmospheres. -
9.3.1 Models without pressure broadening. -
9.3.2 Pressure broadening. -
9.3.3 Numerical methods. -
9.4 The troposphere and the stratosphere. -
9.4.1 Introductio. -
9.4.2 The troposphere and the stratosphere. -
9.4.3 Convective models. -
9.4.4 Nonlocal dissipation. -
9.4.5 Semiconvection. -
9.5 The runaway greenhouse. -
9.5.1 History of ideas. -
9.5.2 Simpson's paradox. -
9.5.3 An evolving atmosphere. -
9.5.4 Influence of the tropospheric lapse rate. -
Bibliography. -
10. EVOLUTION OF A THERMAL DISTURBANCE. -
10.1 Introduction. -
10.2 The radiation eigenvalue problem. -
10.2.1 The integral equation. -
10.2.2 Spiegel's solution. -
10.2.3 Two-stream solution for a scattering atmosphere. -
10.2.4 Effect of boundaries. -
10.3 Numerical results. -
10.3.1 Ni(∞) for atmospheric bands. -
10.3.2 Special absorption laws. -
10.3.3 Radiative relaxation for earth and Mars. -
10.3.4 Nonequilibrium source functions. -
10.4 Planetary-scale relaxation. -
10.4.1 The planetary relaxation rate. -
10.4.2 The temperature of a nonrotating atmosphere. -
10.5 The Newtonian cooling approximation. -
10.5.1 Transparent and boundary-exchange approximations. -
10.5.2 Internal gravity waves. -
10.6 Solar radiation in the middle atmosphere. -
Bibliography. -
Appendix 1. Physical constants. -
Appendix 2. Spectroscopic units. -
Appendix 3. A model atmosphere. -
Appendix 4. Properties of water vapor. -
Appendix 5. The Planck function. -
Appendix 6. The exponential integrals. -
Appendix 7. The Ladenburg and Reiche function. -
Appendix 8. The Elsasser function. -
Appendix 9. The physical state of the sun. -
9.1 The quiet sun. -
9.2 The solar spectrum. -
9.3 The intensity of solar radiation. -
Location:
AWI Reading room
Location:
MOP - must be ordered
Branch Library:
AWI Library
Branch Library:
GFZ Library
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