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  • 1
    Publication Date: 2011-08-24
    Description: An upwind-biased, point-implicit relaxation algorithm for obtaining the numerical solution to the governing equations for 3D, viscous, hypersonic flows in chemical and thermal nonequilibrium is described. The algorithm is derived using a finite-volume formulation in which the inviscid components of flux across cell walls are described with a modified Roe's averaging and Harten's entropy fix with second-order corrections based on Yee's symmetric total variation diminishing scheme. Newton relaxation of the fully coupled equation set is employed on a cell-to-cell basis. Under-relaxation of the inviscid and over-relaxation of the viscous contributions to the residual are implemented. Computational work is easily partitioned among many processors in an asynchronous, dynamic mode for convergence acceleration. An overview of the physical models employed herein for thermochemical nonequilibrium is included. Several test cases and comparisons with experimental data are presented involving hypersonic flow over blunt bodies which illustrate the qualitative and quantitative capabilities of this approach.
    Keywords: FLUID MECHANICS AND HEAT TRANSFER
    Type: In: Computational methods in hypersonic aerodynamics (A93-49521 21-02); p. 115-151.
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  • 2
    Publication Date: 2011-08-24
    Keywords: AERODYNAMICS
    Type: Journal of Spacecraft and Rockets (ISSN 0022-4650); 28; 552-559
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  • 3
    Publication Date: 2011-08-19
    Description: Laminar heating distributions have been measured on a 1.9 percent scale model of a generic aeroassisted vehicle taking the shape of a spherically blunted, 13-deg/7-deg biconic whose forecone section is bent upward (by 7 deg) to furnish self-trim capability at a 20-deg angle-of-attack. The results thus obtained were compared with data gathered for a straight biconic. While no Reynolds number effect on heating was noted on the windward side of the forecone, the opposite was true of the leeward side, where a Reynolds number increase caused circumferential flow separation at lower angles of attack. Generally, windward heating was predicted to within 10 percent with a computer code solving the steady, three-dimensional parabolized Navier-Stokes equations.
    Keywords: AERODYNAMICS
    Type: Journal of Spacecraft and Rockets (ISSN 0022-4650); 23; 251-258
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  • 4
    Publication Date: 2011-08-19
    Keywords: AERODYNAMICS
    Type: Journal of Thermophysics and Heat Transfer (ISSN 0887-8722); 3; 361-367
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  • 5
    Publication Date: 2011-08-19
    Keywords: AERODYNAMICS
    Type: AIAA Journal (ISSN 0001-1452); 23; 723-732
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  • 6
    Publication Date: 2011-08-18
    Description: Initial results of a NASA study of the lift-drag characteristics of a 12.84/7 deg biconic model intended for airbraking during atmospheric entry of probes to Mars, Venus, Saturn, and Titan are reported. Pressure distributions and shock shapes were measured in the Langley 20 in. Mach 6 tunnel with the spherically blunted bent-nose model set at angles from 0-25 deg. Pressure distributions and shock shapes where computed using the STEIN flowfield code, which features a MacCormack scheme to integrate the three-dimensional Euler equations, the Rankine-Hugoniot jump conditions to model shock waves as discontinuities, and requires a supersonic condition at every step. A comparison was made between measured and predicted values. The leeward shock angle was found to be predictable to within 3% for all angles of attack, while parabolized Navier-Stokes equations are regarded as offering more accurate results than the STEIN code for surface pressure distributions.
    Keywords: AERODYNAMICS
    Type: AIAA Journal; 20; Aug. 198
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  • 7
    Publication Date: 2011-08-18
    Description: Previously cited in issue 15, p. 2347, Accession no. A82-31971
    Keywords: AERODYNAMICS
    Type: (ISSN 0001-1452)
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  • 8
    Publication Date: 2019-06-28
    Description: The thermochemical environment about an axisymmetric 60-deg sphere-cone with a circular aft skirt is computed using the Langley Aerothermodynamic Upwind Relaxation Algorithm. Earth entry at 12 km/sec is examined at 70-km and 80-km altitude for two vehicle base radii of 2 m and 6 m. These four test cases bracket some proposed scenarios for earth reentry of a manned Mars mission aerobrake at this velocity. Thermochemical nonequilibrium results are examined for each case and compared with thermal equilibrium results produced by artificially accelerating vibrational relaxation rates and with equilibrium results produced by a viscous shock layer method.
    Keywords: AERODYNAMICS
    Type: AIAA PAPER 90-1698
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  • 9
    Publication Date: 2019-06-28
    Description: A technique for upwind differencing of the three-dimensional species continuity equations is presented which permits computation of steady flows in chemical equilibrium and nonequilibrium. The capabilities and shortcomings of the present approach for equilibrium and nonequilibrium flows is discussed. Modifications now being investigated to improve computational time are outlined.
    Keywords: AERODYNAMICS
    Type: AIAA PAPER 86-0230
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  • 10
    Publication Date: 2019-06-28
    Description: Program LAURA (Langley Aerothermodynamic Upwind Relaxation Algorithm) is a robust, finite volume, single-level storage, implicit upwind differencing algorithm which has been documented and tested on several three-dimensional blunt-body flows. The algorithm can run at unlimited Courant numbers (relaxing the steady-state equations) but requires the inversion of only a 5 x 5 matrix per computational cell. An alternating directional sweep Gauss-Seidel substitution strategy is used to relax the governing equations. At present, the Euler and thin-layer Navier-Stokes equations using Sutherland's law for viscosity have been modeled for a perfect gas, equilibrium air, and nonequilibrium air chemistry neglecting diffusion. The equilibrium and nonequilibrium air chemistry options have been described in a companion paper. Good comparisons with experimental data and another calculation method for pressure distributions, aerodynamic coefficients, and heat-transfer distributions have been demonstrated for three-dimensional blunt-body flows.
    Keywords: AERODYNAMICS
    Type: AIAA PAPER 86-0565
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