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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A cascade interpretation of Lundgren's stretched spiral vortex model for turbulent fine structure (1993)
    New York, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Physics of Fluids 5 (1993), S. 2831-2834 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7666
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Lundgren's [Phys. Fluids 25, 2193 (1982)] model for turbulent fine structure comprises coherent vortices which wind up vorticity variations into spiral structures; simultaneously the vortices are stretched axially by a background strain field. The model predicts a k−5/3 energy spectrum and is remarkably robust to the form of the coherent vortices and the form of the vorticity variations. To understand this the present article introduces a simple cascade argument which illuminates how the dynamical processes of vortex stretching and reduction of scale conspire to give this Kolmogorov spectrum. Some generalizations are considered.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.858746
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Fast dynamo action in a steady chaotic flow (1991)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 350 (1991), S. 483-485 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] The existence of magnetic fields in the Sun and other astrophy-sical objects is broadly explained by dynamo theory, the amplification of magnetic field by flows of conducting plasma14. But the solar magnetic field is also very active; its dipole com-ponent reverses sign twice during each 22-year ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/350483a0
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Light for organic chemists (1987)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 326 (1987), S. 215-215 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] Introduction to Organic Photochemistry. By John D. Coyle. Wiley: 1986. Pp.176. Hbk £26.25, $31.95; pbk £8.35, $13.55. Organic Photochemistry, 2nd Edn. By J.M. Coxon and B. Halton. Cambridge University Press: 1987. Pp.243. £37.50, $69.50. IN THE late 1960s and early ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/326215a0
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The Use of Atmospheric Dispersion Models in Risk Assessment Decision Support Systems for Pesticides (2000)
    Springer
    Environmental monitoring and assessment 62 (2000), S. 133-145 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-2959
    Keywords: atmospheric transport models ; persistent organicpollutants ; pesticides ; plant protection products ; risk assessment
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering
    Notes: Abstract In the evaluation of potentially adverse effects oforganic chemicals such as pesticides on theenvironment the atmosphere may play an important role.After its release to the atmosphere the chemical willbe transported/dispersed in the atmosphere and finallyit will be removed either by atmospheric-chemicaldestruction or by deposition to the underlying soil orsurface water. In a risk assessment decision supportsystem both ambient concentrations and depositionfluxes must be known to evaluate the risk of directexposure (inhalation) or the risk of soil and watercontamination caused by deposition. This paperdiscusses the use of atmospheric dispersion models insuch risk assessment decision support systems.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1006262209031
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Arylpropenoates as photoactive units in photocontrollable polymers (1992)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Die Makromolekulare Chemie 193 (1992), S. 1499-1508 
    Details
    ISSN: 0025-116X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: The synthesis of photochemical properties of a range of arylpropenoates are described and their suitability as photoactive units for the reversible manipulation of polymer properties assessed. The Z and E isomers of the 1-naphthyl-, 1-(4-methoxynaphthyl)- and 9-phenanthryl- derivatives have sufficiently different absorption characteristics to allow their selective exciation to give photostationary states having high concentrations of each isomer. Incorporation of the photoactive units into methacrylate based polymers changes the photostationary state concentrations of the Z and E isomers but the effect on the 1-(4-methoxynaphthyl)-derivative is small and here the photointerconversion is not accompanied by fatigue. The 9-anthryl derivative undergoes facile (4π + 4π) photodimerization and this may have potential as a reversible crosslinking mechanism.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/macp.1992.021930626
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    1,2-Photoaddition von primären und sekundären Aminen an Benzol (1974)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Zeitschrift für die chemische Industrie 86 (1974), S. 350-350 
    Details
    ISSN: 0044-8249
    Keywords: Chemistry ; General Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ange.19740860908
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Photoaddition von Vinylacetat an Benzol (1975)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Zeitschrift für die chemische Industrie 87 (1975), S. 540-541 
    Details
    ISSN: 0044-8249
    Keywords: Chemistry ; General Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ange.19750871505
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Liquid crystal elastomers: Synthesis and characterization (1990)
    Bognor Regis [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science Part A: Polymer Chemistry 28 (1990), S. 1455-1472 
    Details
    ISSN: 0887-624X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The synthesis is described of some acrylate based polymers containing both a mesogenic group (4-cyanophenyl benzoate) connected to the polymer backbone by a flexible spacer, and varying degrees of crosslinking, introduced by copolymerization. Optical and calorimetric techniques are used to determine the phase behavior, which is found to depend strongly on the crosslink density (and the flexible spacer length); though (nominally) a relatively high degree of crosslinking is possible without completely destroying the liquid crystal phase. Mechanical measurements in conjunction with supplementary analytical data, where available, are used to determine the efficiency of copolymerization at introducing intermolecular crosslinking. Some possible explanations for the unexpectedly low efficiency of this process are discussed. The properties of materials prepared in this fashion are compared briefly with some examples where crosslinking is introduced after polymerization; this latter process is seen to be rather more efficient.
    Additional Material: 8 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pola.1990.080280613
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The Photoaddition of Pyrroles to Arylethenes and Arylethynes (1997)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Liebigs Annalen 1997 (1997), S. 943-946 
    Details
    ISSN: 0947-3440
    Keywords: Pyrroles ; Styrylpyrroles ; Radical ions ; Photoadditions ; Electron transfer ; Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The photochemical reactions of styrene, (E)-stilbene, phenyl-ethyne, and diphenylethyne with pyrrole and N-methylpyrrole have been investigated. The pyrroles quench the fluorescence of the phenylethenes and phenylethynes efficiently and broad structureless emissions attributed to exciplexes are observed from the N-methylpyrrole systems. Substituted pyrroles (1:1 and 2:1 adducts) are formed from irradiation of the phenylethenes with pyrrole, and 2-styrylpyrroles result from the phenylethynes. Styrene, but none of the other arenes, undergoes photoaddition to N-methylpyrrole in the presence of 10% acetic acid.
    Additional Material: 2 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jlac.199719970525
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The synthesis of siloxane-based polymers containing photoactive cinnamate moieties (1991)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Die Makromolekulare Chemie 192 (1991), S. 2801-2810 
    Details
    ISSN: 0025-116X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: Three ways of synthesizing cinnamate-based siloxane polymers suitable for photoisomerization purposes have been employed. The route involving direct hydrosilation of the photoactive unit and a non-photoactive alkene with the homopolymer poly(methylsiloxane) has the severe disadvantages that the polymer is coloured, crosslinking during work-up or storage commonly occurs and also some of the cinnamate CC double bonds are reduced during the hydrosilation. This loss of the chromophore can be decreased but not eliminated by its hydrosilation with the copolymer poly(dimethylsiloxane-co-methylsiloxane). All of the available Si—H sites are now reacted with the cinnamate ester but a low concentration of active units on the polymer is still maintained. The most successful method of preventing loss of the chromophore is best achieved by functionalising the polymer via hydrosilation with allyl acetate, followed by hydrolysis of the acetate to the alcohol and finally esterification with the acid chloride of the chromophore. This procedure in contrast to the other methods, yields the photoactive polymer as an almost colourless, mobile liquid which is stable on storage and in which no reduction of the chromophore has occurred.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/macp.1991.021921124
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