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  • 1
    Keywords: Water. ; Hydrology. ; Freshwater ecology. ; Marine ecology. ; Environmental chemistry. ; Environmental management. ; Environmental engineering. ; Biotechnology. ; Bioremediation. ; Water. ; Freshwater and Marine Ecology. ; Environmental Chemistry. ; Environmental Management. ; Environmental Engineering/Biotechnology.
    Description / Table of Contents: Section I. Introduction -- 1. Introduction to the Volume -- Section II. Physics and Chemistry of Deep Oil Well Blowouts -- 2. The importance of understanding fundamental physics and chemistry of deep oil blowouts -- 3. Physical and chemical properties of oil and gas under reservoir and deep-sea conditions -- 4. Jet formation at the blowout site -- 5. Behavior of rising droplets and bubbles – impact on the physics of deep-sea blowouts and oil fate -- Section III. Transport and Degradation of Oil and Gas from Deep Spills -- 6. The importance of understanding transport and degradation of oil and gasses from deep sea blowouts -- 7. Biodegradation of petroleum hydrocarbons in the deep sea -- 8 Partitioning of organics between oil and water phases with and without the application of dispersants -- 9. Dynamic coupling of near-field and far-field models -- 10. Effects of oil properties and slick thickness on dispersant field effectiveness and oil fate -- 11. Far-field modeling of a deep-sea blowout: sensitivity studies of initial conditions, biodegradation, sedimentation and sub-surface dispersant injection on surface slicks and oil plume concentrations -- Section IV. Oil Spill Records in Deep Sea Sediments -- 12. Formation and sinking of MOSSFA (Marine Oil Snow Sedimentation and Flocculent Accumulation) events: Past and Present -- 13. The sedimentary record of MOSSFA events in the Gulf of Mexico: A comparison of the Deepwater Horizon (2010) and Ixtoc 1 (1979) oil spills -- 14. Characterization of the sedimentation associated with the Deepwater Horizon blowout: depositional pulse, initial response, and stabilization -- 15. Applications of FTICR-MS in oil spill studies -- 16. Changes in redox conditions of surface sediments following the Deepwater Horizon and Ixtoc 1 events -- 17. Long-term preservation of oil spill events in sediments: the case for the Deepwater Horizon spill in the northern Gulf of Mexico -- 18. Effect of marine snow on microbial oil degradation -- 19. Molecular legacy of the 1979 Ixtoc 1 oil spill in deep-sea sediments of the southern Gulf of Mexico -- 20. 40 years of weathering of coastal oil residues in the southern Gulf of Mexico -- Section V. Impacts of Deep Spills on Plankton, Fishes, and Protected Resources -- 21. Overview of ecological impacts of deep spills -- 22. Deep-sea benthic faunal impacts and community evolution before, during and after the Deepwater Horizon event -- 23. Impact and resilience of benthic foraminifera in the aftermath of the Deepwater Horizon and Ixtoc 1 oil spills -- 24. Chronic sublethal effects observed in wild caught fish following two major oil spills in the Gulf of Mexico: Deepwater Horizon and Ixtoc 1 -- 25. Impacts of deep spills on fish and fisheries -- 26. Impacts of the Deepwater Horizon oil spill on marine mammals and sea turtles -- Section VI. Toxicology of Deep Oil Spills -- 27. Ecotoxicology of deep ocean spills -- 28 A synthesis of Deepwater Horizon oil, chemical dispersant and chemically dispersed oil aquatic standard laboratory acute and chronic toxicity studies -- 29. Digging deeper than LC/EC50: non-traditional endpoints and non-model species in oil spill toxicology -- 30. Genetics and oil: transcriptomics, epigenetics and population genomics as tools to understand animal responses to exposure across different time scales -- Section VI. I Ecosystem-level modeling of deep oil spill impacts -- 31. A synthesis of top down and bottom up impacts of the Deepwater Horizon oil spill using ecosystem modeling -- 32. Comparing ecosystem model outcomes between Ixtoc 1 and Deepwater Horizon oil spills -- 33. Effects of the Deepwater Horizon oil spill on Human Communities: Catch and Economic Impacts -- Section VIII. Summary -- 34. Summary of Major Themes – Deep Oil Spills -- Index.
    Abstract: The demand for oil and gas has brought exploration and production to unprecedented depths of the world’s oceans. Currently, over 50% of the oil from the Gulf of Mexico now comes from waters in excess of 1,500 meters (one mile) deep, where no oil was produced just 20 years ago. The Deepwater Horizon oil spill blowout did much to change the perception of oil spills as coming just from tanker accidents, train derailments, and pipeline ruptures. In fact, beginning with the Ixtoc 1 spill off Campeche, Mexico in 1979-1980, there have been a series of large spill events originating at the sea bottom and creating a myriad of new environmental and well control challenges. This volume explores the physics, chemistry, sub-surface oil deposition and environmental impacts of deep oil spills. Key lessons learned from the responses to previous deep spills, as well as unresolved scientific questions for additional research are highlighted, all of which are appropriate for governmental regulators, politicians, industry decision-makers, first responders, researchers and students wanting an incisive overview of issues surrounding deep-water oil and gas production.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: XIV, 611 p. 152 illus., 110 illus. in color. , online resource.
    Edition: 1st ed. 2020.
    ISBN: 9783030116057
    DDC: 551.48
    Language: English
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  • 2
    Keywords: Water. ; Hydrology. ; Freshwater ecology. ; Marine ecology. ; Environmental chemistry. ; Environmental management. ; Environmental engineering. ; Biotechnology. ; Bioremediation. ; Water. ; Freshwater and Marine Ecology. ; Environmental Chemistry. ; Environmental Management. ; Environmental Engineering/Biotechnology.
    Description / Table of Contents: Section I Overview -- 1 Introduction to the volume -- 2 Deep-water oil and gas production in the Gulf of Mexico, and related global trends -- 3 Spilled oil composition and the natural carbon cycle: The true drivers of environmental fate and effects of oil spills -- Section II Geological, Chemical, Ecological and Physical Oceanographic Settings and Baselines for Deep Oil Spills in the Gulf of Mexico -- 4 An overview of the geologic origins of hydrocarbons and production trends in the Gulf of Mexico -- 5 Gulf of Mexico (GoM) bottom sediments and depositional processes: A baseline for future oil spills -- 6 Benthic faunal baselines in the Gulf of Mexico: A precursor to evaluate future impacts -- 7 Linking abiotic variables with macrofaunal and meiofaunal abundance and community -- 8 The asphalt ecosystem of the southern Gulf of Mexico: abyssal habitats across space and time -- 9 Geochemical and faunal characterization in the sediments off the Cuban north and northwest coast -- 10 Mapping isotopic and dissolved organic matter baselines in waters and sediments of Gulf of Mexico -- 11 Toward a predictive understanding of the benthic microbial community response to oiling on the northern Gulf of Mexico coast -- 12 Combining isoscapes with tissue-specific isotope records to re-create the geographic histories of fish -- 13 The utility of stable and radio isotopes in fish tissues as biogeochemical tracers of marine oil spill food web effects -- 14 Modernizing protocols for aquatic toxicity testing of oil and dispersant -- 15 Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon baselines in Gulf of Mexico fishes -- 16 Case Study: Using a combined laboratory, field, and modeling approach to assess oil spill impacts -- Section III Simulations of Future Deep Spills -- 17 Testing the effect of MOSSFA (Marine Oil Snow Sedimentation and Flocculent Accumulation) events in benthic microcosms -- 18 Physical processes influencing the sedimentation and lateral transport of MOSSFA in the NE Gulf of Mexico -- 19 Simulating deep oil spills beyond the Gulf of Mexico -- Section IV Comparisons of likely impacts from simulated spills -- 20 Comparison of the spatial extent, impacts to shorelines, and ecosystem and 4-dimensional characteristics of simulated oil spills -- 21 A predictive strategy for mapping locations where future MOSSFA events are expected -- 22 Connectivity of Gulf of Mexico continental shelf fish populations and implications of simulated oil spills -- 23 Evaluating the effectiveness of fishery closures for deep oil spills using a 4-dimensional model -- 24 As Gulf oil extraction goes deeper, who is at risk? Community structure, distribution, and connectivity of the deep-pelagic fauna -- 25 Evaluating impacts of deep oil spills on oceanic marine mammals -- 26 Comparative environmental sensitivity of offshore Gulf of Mexico waters potentially impacted by ultra-deep oil well blowouts -- Section V Preparing for and Responding to the Next Deepwater Spill -- 27 Preparing for the inevitable: ecological and indigenous community impacts of oil spill-related mortality in the United States Arctic marine ecosystem -- 28 Summary of contemporary research on use of chemical dispersants for deep sea oil spills -- 29 Perspectives on research, technology, policy and human resources for improved management of ultra-deep oil and gas resources and responses to oil spills -- Index.
    Abstract: It has often been said that generals prepare for the next war by re-fighting the last. The Deepwater Horizon (DWH) oil spill was unlike any previous – an underwater well blowout 1,500 meters deep. Much has been learned in the wake of DWH and these lessons should in turn be applied to both similar oil spill scenarios and those arising from “frontier” explorations by the marine oil industry. The next deep oil well blowout may be at 3,000 meters or even deeper. This volume summarizes regional (Gulf of Mexico) and global megatrends in marine oil exploration and production. Research in a number of key areas including the behavior of oil and gas under extreme pressure, impacts on biological resources of the deep sea, and the fate of oil and gas released in spills is synthesized. A number of deep oil spills are simulated with detailed computer models, and the likely effects of the spills and potential mitigation measures used to combat them are compared. Recommended changes in policies governing marine oil exploration and development are proposed, as well as additional research to close critical and emerging knowledge gaps. This volume synthesizes state-of-the-art research in deep oil spill behavior and response. It is thus relevant for government and industry oil spill responders, policy formulators and implementers, and academics and students desiring an in-depth and balanced overview of key issues and uncertainties surrounding the quest for deep oil and potential impacts on the environment.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: XII, 542 p. 167 illus., 138 illus. in color. , online resource.
    Edition: 1st ed. 2020.
    ISBN: 9783030129637
    DDC: 551.48
    Language: English
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  • 3
    Monograph available for loan
    Monograph available for loan
    Bedford, Mass. : Ft. Belvoir Defense Technical Information Center
    Associated volumes
    Call number: MOP 36246
    In: AFCRL
    Description / Table of Contents: The light reflected and transmitted from clouds with various drop size distributions is calculated by a Monte Carlo technique. Six different models are used for the drop size distribution: isotropic; Rayleigh; haze continental; haze maritime; cumulus; nimbostratus. The scattering function for each model is calculated from the Mie theory. In general the reflected and transmitted radiance for the isotropic and Rayleigh models tend to be similar as are those for the various haze and cloud models. The reflected radiance is less for the haze and cloud models than for the isotropic and Rayleigh models, except for an angle of incidence near the horizon when it is larger around the incident beam direction. The transmitted radiance is always much larger for the haze and cloud models near the incident direction; at distant angles it is less for small and moderate optical thicknesses and greater for large optical thicknesses (all comparisons to isotropic and Rayleigh models). The downward flux, cloud albedo, and mean optical path are discussed. The angular spread of the beam as a function of optical thickness is shown for the nimbostratus model. (Author)
    Type of Medium: Monograph available for loan
    Pages: 44 p.
    Series Statement: AFCRL 67-0428
    Location: MOP - must be ordered
    Branch Library: GFZ Library
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  • 4
    Monograph available for loan
    Monograph available for loan
    Bedford, Mass. : Ft. Belvoir Defense Technical Information Center
    Associated volumes
    Call number: MOP 40425 / Mitte
    In: AFCRL
    Description / Table of Contents: The radiance and polarization of multiple scattered light is calculated from the Stoke's vectors by a Monte Carlo method. The exact scattering matrix for a typical haze and for a cloud whose spherical drops have an average radius of 12 microns is calculated from the Mie theory. The Stoke's vector is transformed in a collision by this scattering matrix and the rotation matrix. The two angles which define the photon direction after scattering are chosen by a random process which correctly stimulates the actual distribution functions for both angles. The Monte Carlo results for Rayleigh scattering compare favorably with well known tabulated results. Curves are given of the reflected and transmitted radiances and polarizations for both the haze and cloud models and for several solar angles, optical thicknesses, and surface albedos. The dependence on these various parameters is discussed. (Author).
    Type of Medium: Monograph available for loan
    Pages: 48 p.
    Series Statement: AFCRL 67-0570
    Location: MOP - must be ordered
    Branch Library: GFZ Library
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  • 5
    Monograph available for loan
    Monograph available for loan
    New York [u.a.] : Oxford Univ. Press
    Call number: MOP 44225 / Mitte
    Type of Medium: Monograph available for loan
    Pages: XVI, 288 S. : Ill., graph. Darst., Kt.
    ISBN: 0195017579
    Location: MOP - must be ordered
    Branch Library: GFZ Library
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  • 6
    Monograph available for loan
    Monograph available for loan
    Maidenhead [u.a.] : Open Univ. Press
    Call number: PIK A 200-10-0022
    Description / Table of Contents: Contents: Preface ; 1 Simulation and social science ; 2 Simulation as a method ; 3 System dynamics and world models ; 4 Microanalytical simulation models ; 5 Queuing models ; 6 Multilevel simulation models ; 7 Cellular automata ; 8 Multi-agent models ; 9 Developing multi-agent systems ; 10 Learning and evolutionary models ; Appendices
    Type of Medium: Monograph available for loan
    Pages: XI, 295 S. : Ill., graph. Darst.
    Edition: 2. ed., repr.
    ISBN: 0335216005
    Location: A 18 - must be ordered
    Branch Library: PIK Library
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  • 7
    Call number: PIK A 130-12-0167
    Type of Medium: Monograph available for loan
    Pages: 188 S. : Ill., graph. Darst.
    ISBN: 9783781390041
    Series Statement: Schriftenreihe der Danziger Naturforschenden Gesellschaft 10
    Location: A 18 - must be ordered
    Branch Library: PIK Library
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  • 8
    Call number: PIK N 071-03-0072
    Type of Medium: Monograph available for loan
    Pages: 191 S. : graph. Darst., zahlr. Kt.
    Edition: 1. Aufl.
    ISBN: 3980691764
    Series Statement: Le monde diplomatique
    Uniform Title: L'atlas du Monde diplomatique
    Language: German
    Location: A 18 - must be ordered
    Branch Library: PIK Library
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  • 9
    Call number: PIK E 703-12-0258
    Description / Table of Contents: Contents: Preface.- Part I Concepts.- What is Resilience? A Short Introduction.- Defining Resilience Mathematically: From Attractors to Viability.- Part II Case Studies.- Viability and Resilience in the Dynamics of Language Competition.- Viable Web Communities:Two Case Studies.- Computational Savanna Models and Viability Based Resilience.- Viability and Resilience of a Bacterial Biofilm Individual-Based Model.- Part III Tools and Techniques.- Approximating Viability Kernels and Resilience Values with KAVIAR.- Geometric Robustness of Viability Kernels and Resilience Basins.
    Type of Medium: Monograph available for loan
    Pages: XII, 221 S. : graph. Darst. , 25 cm
    ISBN: 9783642204227 , 3-642-20422-8
    Series Statement: Understanding complex systems
    Location: A 18 - must be ordered
    Branch Library: PIK Library
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  • 10
    Series available for loan
    Series available for loan
    Washington, DC : United States Gov. Print. Off.
    Associated volumes
    Call number: SR 90.0001(1008)
    In: U.S. Geological Survey bulletin
    Type of Medium: Series available for loan
    Pages: VII, 155 S. + 12 pl.
    Series Statement: U.S. Geological Survey bulletin 1008
    Language: English
    Location: Lower compact magazine
    Branch Library: GFZ Library
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