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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Il nuovo cimento della Società Italiana di Fisica 10 (1988), S. 1093-1114 
    ISSN: 0392-6737
    Keywords: Interfaces ; PACS 71.35 ; Excitons and related phenomena (including electron-hole drops)
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Description / Table of Contents: Riassunto Sono state effettuate misure di fotoluminescenza, di fotoeccitazione e di riflettività, a varie temperature, su una serie di strutture a pozzi quantici GaAs/Ga1−x Al x As, cresciute con epitassia da fasci molecolari. I risultati della fotoluminescenza emessa nello strato depositato di GaAs sono analizzati e le sue proprietà ottiche sono collegate alle condizioni di crescita. Lo spostamento Stokes della riga di emissione dell'eccitone nel pozzo quantico è studiato in dipendenza delle varie condizioni di eccitazione. Si trova una considerevole diminuzione dello spostamento Stokes nel caso di eccitazione intensa e non risonante. Anche la fotoluminescenza estrinseca e la sua dipendenza dalla temperatura sono interpretate. Inoltre si mostra che gli effetti di temperatura su entrambi gli spettri del cristallo GaAs e del pozzo quantico chiariscono i ruoli del contributo eccitonico e delle transizioni interbanda.
    Abstract: Резюме Проведены измерения фотолюминесценции, фотолюминесценции возбуждения и козффициента отражения при различных температурах на образцах структур квантовых ям GaAs/Ga1−x Al x As, выраўенных с помощью эпитаксии молекулярного пучка. Анализируются некоторые данные по фотолюминесценции для буферных слоев GaAs для определения корреляции между оптическими свойствами и условиями выращивания. При различных условиях возбуждения исследуется сдвит Стокса линии испускания экситона на квантовых ямах. Наблюдается эаметное уменьшение сдвига Стокса в случае нерезонанснопо н интенсивного возбуждений. Также интерпретируются примесная фотолюминесценция и ее температурная зависимость. Показывается, что влияние температуры на обьемный спектр и спектр квантовых ям проясняет экситонные особенности и вклад межзонных переходов.
    Notes: Summary Measurements of photoluminescence, excitation photoluminescence and reflectance are performed at various temperatures on a series of GaAs/Ga1−x Al x As quantum well structures grown by molecularbeam epitaxy. The selective photoluminescence data of the GaAs buffer layers are analysed in order to correlate the optical properties with the growth conditions. The Stokes shift of the excitation emission line from quantum wells is investigated under various excitation conditions. A considerable decrease of the Stokes shift is observed in the case of nonresonant and intense excitations. Also the extrinsic photoluminescence, as well as its temperature dependence, are interpreted. In addition, the temperature effects on both the bulk and quantum well spectra are shown to clarify the excitation features and the contribution of the interband transitions.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    The Journal of Chemical Physics 115 (2001), S. 3698-3705 
    ISSN: 1089-7690
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: A detailed ab initio study on the torsional potential of two heterobutadienes (nitrosoformaldehyde and N-nitrosomethanimine) it is performed by using state-of-the-art coupled-cluster methodologies. Special emphasis is given to basis set incompleteness with a profuse comparison of several cc-pVnZ basis sets and to the performance of common extrapolation formulas for estimating the complete basis set limit. We give high quality torsional functions from a fit to our best calculations for its use in current force field methods. We analyze similarities and differences between the present heterobutadienes and similar compounds such as 1,3-butadiene and glyoxal. Finally, we provide accurate estimates to the proton affinities of nitrosoformaldehyde and N-nitrosomethanimine. © 2001 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 52 (1988), S. 1596-1598 
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Doubly doped (C,Be) GaAs layers grown by molecular beam epitaxy under dimer or tetramer arsenic flux are studied by selectively excited photoluminescence. Acceptor spectroscopy gives the first experimental evidence of the decrease of carbon shallow acceptor concentration when using dimer rather than tetramer arsenic.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 51 (1987), S. 593-595 
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The cracking efficiency of a catalytic double-oven arsenic dimer source has been studied by modulated beam mass spectrometry and the catalytic activity of several materials investigated through the cracking of the tetramer molecules produced from crystalline arsenic with a pyrolytic boron nitride (pBN) oven. The catalytic activity decreases as follows: Pt, Pt-Rh〉Re〉Ta〉Mo, W-Re〉graphite〉pBN. Platinum and its alloys with rhodium react with arsenic above 500 °C giving definite compounds and therefore cannot be used as a catalyst. A 95% conversion efficiency is obtained with rhenium around 700 °C, a temperature which is more than 300 °C lower than the temperature required with graphite for an equivalent efficiency. Such a decrease of the operating temperature of the cracker cell is of great practical interest because of the reduction of the arsenic flux contamination by outgassing impurities.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 62 (1993), S. 1638-1640 
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: We have studied by transmission electron microscopy the structural changes that take place in monocrystalline InP grown by gas source molecular beam epitaxy at low temperature upon annealing at about 600 °C. It is shown that the partial relaxation of the crystal which is observed by x rays is due to the formation of small precipitates (3–7 nm). Electron diffraction experiments show that the structure of these precipitates is cubic with a simple cube-to-cube orientation relationship with the substrate. Most probably, these precipitates are of alpha-white cubic P which is known to be insulating.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 62 (1993), S. 3315-3317 
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Electric conduction has been studied vs frequency ω and temperature T in InP layers grown at low temperature. The T and ω behaviors of the conductivity are found to be typical of a hopping process in a partially defect filled band, very similar to the one observed in disordered materials. We have determined the location of the Fermi level. The results are analyzed in terms of a recent theory developed by D. Emin [Phys. Rev. B 46, 9419 (1992)].
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Ga0.51In0.49P/GaAs high electron mobility transistors (HEMTs) grown by metalorganic molecular beam epitaxy have been fabricated for the first time. The typical transconductance (gm) of devices of 1.3-μm gate length at 300 K is 110 mS/mm and is independent of donor type. At 100 K the dc characteristics of Si-doped devices remain almost unchanged, while there is a decrease of 55% in gm and in the drain-source saturation current (Idss) of the S-doped devices. The degradation of the S-doped HEMTs is attributed to "DX-like'' centers in the doped GaInP layer. All of the doped samples are characterized by a deep electron trap with an activation energy that takes values in the range 310–345 meV and causes persistent photoconductivity (PPC) in S-doped samples, while Si doping suppresses the PPC effect.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Ultraviolet photoemission spectroscopy has been used to study the valence-band offsets at GaInAs/InP and InP/GaInAs heterostructures grown by metalorganic molecular-beam epitaxy. High-resolution In-4d/Ga-3d core levels were used. The measured values are 440±50 meV for the "direct'' (GaInAs grown on InP) interface and 260±50 meV for the "inverse'' interface. This band-offset asymmetry is attributed to a difference in the chemical natures of the two interfaces, deduced from the detailed analysis of the core-level spectra.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    ISSN: 1439-0426
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology , Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: The substrate preference of tench Tinca tinca (L.), 33 2-year-old individuals, mean size 10 ± 0.36 cm total length, was determined using four different substrates (concrete, artificial vegetation, sand and mud) in a 26 m long maquette. The species showed a high preference (100%) for the mud. Six more trials were performed combining the substrates by pairs (concrete–vegetation, concrete–mud, concrete–sand, mud–vegetation, mud–sand, sand–vegetation). Selection order was: mud (100% of the individuals when compared with concrete and sand and 98.26 ± 2.68% when compared with artificial vegetation), artificial vegetation (100% of the individuals when compared with concrete and 99.81 ± 0.76% when compared with sand), sand (98.29 ± 3.66% when compared with concrete) and concrete.
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  • 10
    ISSN: 1749-6632
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Natural Sciences in General
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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