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  • 1
    Publication Date: 1963-01-01
    Print ISSN: 0029-554X
    Electronic ISSN: 1878-3759
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering , Physics
    Published by Elsevier
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  • 2
    Publication Date: 2005-03-03
    Print ISSN: 0014-2956
    Electronic ISSN: 1432-1033
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Nuclear Instruments and Methods 21 (1963), S. 356-357 
    ISSN: 0029-554X
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Angewandte Makromolekulare Chemie 210 (1993), S. 21-32 
    ISSN: 0003-3146
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Description / Table of Contents: Polypropylen wurde mittels Gasentladung unter niedrigem Druck behandelt. Die Oberflaäachenmodifizierung wurde durch ESCA-Analysen, Messungen der Benetzbarkeit und Adhäasionsunterschungen in Abhäangigkeit von der Behandlungszeit und der Art des verwendeten Gases (Luft oder Argon) charakterisiert. Die Ergebnisse von “advancing”- und “receding” -Kontaktwinkelmessungen mit Wasser (sehr polar) und Diiodmethan (unpoler) in einem automatischen dynamischen Tensiometer ziegen eine Zunahme der Benetzbarkeit nach der Oberfläachenbehandlung. Dier wird auf die entstehung hochenergetisch polarer Stellen auf der Oberfläache zuräuckgefäuhrt. Die ESCA-Analyse belegt, daß die modifizierte Oberfläahe aud niedermolekularem Material besteht; sie ist in Methanol läolich.Die Adhäsion von Aluminium an der Polypropylen-Oberfläche wird bereits durch eine wenige Sekunden dauernde Gasentladungsbehandlung verbessert. Sie hängt von der polaren Komponente der Oberflächenenergie des Polymeren ab.
    Notes: Low-pressure discharge treatments were applied to the surface of polypropylene. ESCA analyses, wettability measurements and adhesion tests were carried out to characterize surface modifications as a function of treatment time and nature of gas (air or argon). Advancing and receding contact angles were measured with an automatic dynamical tensiometer. The liquids used were water (very polar liquid) and methylene iodide (apolar liquid). The results show an increase in wettability by the surface treatment. This is due to the creation of high-energy polar sites. ESCA analysis also shows that the modified surface layer is soluble in methanol and is made up of low-molecular-weight material.Adhesion of polypropylene/aluminium is also increased by the low pressure discharge treatment from the few first seconds of the treatment. This adhesion increase is a function of the polar component of the polymer surface energy.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Angewandte Makromolekulare Chemie 230 (1995), S. 73-87 
    ISSN: 0003-3146
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Description / Table of Contents: Zur Verbesserung der Adhäsionseigenschaften von Polypropylenfilmen für unter Vakuum aufgebrachte dünne Aluminiumschichten wurde die Polymeroberfläche durch Einwirkung von Mikrowellenplasma unterschiedlicher Art und Zusammensetzung modifiziert. Die Konzentration der in der Probenumgebung befindlichen Spezies wurde mit der Emissionsspektroskopie bestimmt. Die Eigenschaftsänderungen der Polymeroberfläche wurden mittels ESCA und durch Messung der Kontaktwinkel an polaren und unpolaren Flüssigkeiten untersucht. Die Adhäsionseigenschaften wurden im Pull-off-Test ermittelt. Die Verbesserung der Benetzungsfähigkeit ist auf die Bildung einer sehr dünnen, teilweise methanollöslichen Oberflächenschicht mit Carboxy- und Ethylenfunktionen zurückzuführen, wie die ESCA-Analyse ergab. Benetzung und Adhäsion hängen von der Zusammenseztung des verwendeten Gasgemisches ab und nehmen mit steigendem Anteil an atomarem Sauerstoff zu, der bei der Entladung erzeugt und in der Nachentladungsphase vom Gasstrom weggespült wird. Zwischen den im Pull-off-Test ermittelten Haftspannungswerten und den während des Rückgangs der Benetzung gemessenen Werten der polaren Wechselwirkung wurde eine Beziehung hergestellt.
    Notes: In order to improve the adhesion properties of polypropylene on a thin aluminium layer deposited under vacuum, a superficial modification of the polymer has been carried out by exposing the polymer surface to a microwave plasma from gas of different nature and composition.The concentration of the present species in the sample proximity (downstream) has been measured by emission spectroscopy.Superficial polymer modifications have been analysed by ESCA and by measuring contact angles with polar and apolar liquids. The adhesion measurements have been performed by pull-off tests.The wettability increase has been attributed to the creation of a very thin superficial layer which is partially soluble in methanol and includes carboxylic and ethylenic functions being observed by ESCA.Wettability and adhesion depend on the composition of the gas mixture used. They increase with the atomic oxygen quantities which are created in the discharge and carried away in post-discharge by the gas flow. A relationship has been established between the tensile stress values obtained by the pull-off test and the polar interaction values measured during dewetting.
    Additional Material: 11 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Medical & biological engineering & computing 20 (1982), S. 29-36 
    ISSN: 1741-0444
    Keywords: Calorimeter ; Data acquisition ; Evaporative heat loss ; Humidity measurement ; Online computer control ; Sensible heat loss ; Temperature measurement
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The construction and performance of a 5·8 m3 heat-sink calorimeter for human use is described. It differs from previously published human calorimeters mainly in the use of a digital computer for realtime measurement and closed-loop temperature control. In addition the computational abilities provide a completely automated system. The performance characteristics of the calorimeter are: (i) a linear response between 0 and 280W for both sensible and evaporative heat, (ii) a 24h stability of less than ±1W (s.d.); (iii) a precision for sensible and evaporative heat better than 1·5 and 2%, respectively, and (iv) time constants (95%) of 14 and 7·5 min for sensible and evaporative heat, respectively.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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