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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    s.l. ; Stafa-Zurich, Switzerland
    Advanced materials research Vol. 44-46 (June 2008), p. 813-820 
    ISSN: 1662-8985
    Source: Scientific.Net: Materials Science & Technology / Trans Tech Publications Archiv 1984-2008
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: The ability of executing assigned function of repairable system under certain condition isquite different from that of single unit due to redundant configuration. It is well understood thatproper management strategy can greatly prolong the mean time to failure (MTTF) of repairablesystem. By introducing operating cycle or partial test interval, repair time and maintenanceefficiency, the MTTF of classic 1oo1, 1oo2 and 2oo3 redundant systems is studied in this paper. Itis found that periodical maintenance can dramatically improve the availability of repairable system,while the efficiency of maintenance has great influence on the MTTF of repairable system
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    s.l. ; Stafa-Zurich, Switzerland
    Advanced materials research Vol. 44-46 (June 2008), p. 111-118 
    ISSN: 1662-8985
    Source: Scientific.Net: Materials Science & Technology / Trans Tech Publications Archiv 1984-2008
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Based on two different cyclic plasticity models, fatigue crack growth for 16MnR steelspecimens is simulated by using the same multi-axial fatigue damage criterion. The first plasticitymodel is the Jiang and Sehitoglu model and the second plasticity model is the simple nonlinearkinematic hardening model. The elastic-plastic stress-strain field near the crack tip is obtainedrespectively by using the two plasticity models. According to the same fatigue criterion, differentfatigue damage near the crack tip is determined on the basis of stress-strain responses. The firstplasticity model can accurately capture cyclic plasticity deformation behavior and predictions offatigue crack growth rate are in agreement with the experimental results. However, lots of materialconstants in the model need to be fitted and more experimental tests should be conducted. The secondplasticity model is very simple. The parameters of the model can be acquired easily by uniaxial fatiguetests. Compared with experimental data, the prediction results of fatigue crack growth rate lead tosome errors by adopting the second plasticity model
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    s.l. ; Stafa-Zurich, Switzerland
    Advanced materials research Vol. 44-46 (June 2008), p. 537-544 
    ISSN: 1662-8985
    Source: Scientific.Net: Materials Science & Technology / Trans Tech Publications Archiv 1984-2008
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: The quantitative analysis of “domino” effects is one of the main aspects of hazardassessment in chemical industrial park. This paper demonstrates the application of heterogeneousstochastic Petri net modeling techniques to the quantitative assessment of the probabilities of dominoeffects of major accidents in chemical industrial park. First, five events are included in the dominoeffect models of major accidents: pool fire, explosion, boiling liquid expanding vapour explosion(BLEVE) giving rise to a fragment, jet fire and delayed explosion of a vapour cloud. Then, thedomino effect models are converted into Generalized Stochastic Petri net (GSPN) in which theprobability of the domino effect is calculated automatically. The Stochastic Petri nets’ models, whichare state-space based ones, increase the modeling flexibility but create the state-space explosionproblems. Finally, in order to alleviate the state-space explosion problems of GSPN models, thispaper employs Stochastic Wellformed Net (SWN), a particular class of High-Level (colored) SPN. Toconduct a case study on a chemical industrial park, the probability of domino effects of majoraccidents is calculated by using the GSPN model and SWN model in this paper
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    s.l. ; Stafa-Zurich, Switzerland
    Advanced materials research Vol. 44-46 (June 2008), p. 911-916 
    ISSN: 1662-8985
    Source: Scientific.Net: Materials Science & Technology / Trans Tech Publications Archiv 1984-2008
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Partial slip rolling contact was analyzed in this paper by the finite element method with theapplication of a robust cyclic plasticity model. The repeated rolling contact process was carried out bytranslating the normal pressure and the tangential traction across the contact surface step by step. Thenormal pressure and the tangential traction were applied to the nodes through the time-dependantamplitude functions as the concentrated nodal forces. With the detailed stress-strain responses outputfrom the FE analysis, a general multiaxial fatigue criterion was used to predict fatigue initiation lifeand initiation position. The influences of partial slip conditions on the residual stresses, residual shearstrain and the initiation lives are obtained
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    s.l. ; Stafa-Zurich, Switzerland
    Advanced materials research Vol. 44-46 (June 2008), p. 917-924 
    ISSN: 1662-8985
    Source: Scientific.Net: Materials Science & Technology / Trans Tech Publications Archiv 1984-2008
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: In this investigation two fatigue crack growth models based on the different physicalassumptions were systematically analyzed. One model makes use of the size of the stable damagedistribution zone near crack as the major contributor to the fatigue crack growth. This model is basedon the concept that a material point failures and a new crack will form when the fatigue damage valueof the material point reach the critical damage. The other model supposes that fatigue growth can bedescribed as a process with sequentially breaking small volume elements behind the crack tip. Thefatigue crack growth can be regarded as successive crack re-initiation over a critical distance. Thefatigue crack growth rate can be determined as the ratio of the critical distance to the average lifewithin critical distance. Both models use macro parameter to describe the microscopic mechanism.An elastic-plastic finite element analysis (FEA) was used to obtain the detailed stress-strain history ofthe notched component with a detailed consideration of the cyclic plasticity of the material using arobust cyclic plasticity model. The fatigue damage distribution and the average damage within thecritical distance near the crack tip can be obtained by combining the fatigue damage parameter withthe stress strain distribution from the finite element analysis. These two models were evaluated usingthe experimental results obtained from the crack grow experiments on compact specimens made from16MnR. The predicting results using these two models correlate well with the experimental data. Theresults show that two models can well describe the notch effect on the fatigue crack growth
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    s.l. ; Stafa-Zurich, Switzerland
    Materials science forum Vol. 315-317 (July 1999), p. 520-524 
    ISSN: 1662-9752
    Source: Scientific.Net: Materials Science & Technology / Trans Tech Publications Archiv 1984-2008
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    s.l. ; Stafa-Zurich, Switzerland
    Key engineering materials Vol. 297-300 (Nov. 2005), p. 691-696 
    ISSN: 1013-9826
    Source: Scientific.Net: Materials Science & Technology / Trans Tech Publications Archiv 1984-2008
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Y-branch is often used in connection between a main pipe and two branch pipes, forexample, in furnace, quench boiler, nuclear parts and so on. The stress distribution in the Y-branch is very complicated because of complicated shape and complex loads on it. The stresses in the Y-branches cannot be determined by theoretical equations. Finite element method is used to analyze the stresses in the Y-branches. As an example, a Y-branch used in a high temperature furnace is calculated with ANSYS software. The temperature distribution and elastic and elastic-plastic stressfields in the Y-branch under mechanical and thermal loads are calculated. Strength, creep and fatigue of the Y-branch are evaluated based on T-1300, T-1400 of ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel code Sec Ⅲ Div 1 Subsection NH
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    s.l. ; Stafa-Zurich, Switzerland
    Key engineering materials Vol. 297-300 (Nov. 2005), p. 963-967 
    ISSN: 1013-9826
    Source: Scientific.Net: Materials Science & Technology / Trans Tech Publications Archiv 1984-2008
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: 16MnR steel is one of C-Mn steels widely used for pressure vessels in China. Mechanical behaviors of 16MnR steel used as liquefied petroleum gas vessel for about 100,000hr have been investigated in this paper. The macrostructure, fracture toughness, fatigue-crack growth rate, and low-cycle fatigue properties of the samples have been studied in detail. Compared the results with that of GB6654-86 (one of Chinese national material standards) and other test data of 16MnR steel, itindicates that the mechanical properties of the long-term used 16MnR steel have not been degraded and aged
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    s.l. ; Stafa-Zurich, Switzerland
    Key engineering materials Vol. 297-300 (Nov. 2005), p. 974-979 
    ISSN: 1013-9826
    Source: Scientific.Net: Materials Science & Technology / Trans Tech Publications Archiv 1984-2008
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Anhydrous ammonia is one of the medium where the steel is easy to suffer stress corrosion cracking. Many stress corrosion crack accidents of ammonia storage tanks have been reported all over the world for recent years. 16MnR low alloy steel with good composite mechanical properties is the most common used pressure vessel steel in China, it has better anticorrosion properties than the low alloy high strength steel, especially in anhydrous ammonia environments. Many stress corrosion crack researches have been done for 16MnR steel in wet hydrogen sulfide service for last decades, but less has been done in anhydrous ammonia environments. Stress corrosion tests with eight constant strain pre-cracked specimen were carried out in this work. The pre-cracked specimen were loaded withloading bolts and put into the special ammonia storage tank for tests, they were taken out from the tank periodically to measure crack length. The stress corrosion crack growth rate and the threshold stress intensity factors KISCC of 16MnR steel in anhydrous ammonia environments were measured. Based on test results, the effects of environmental factors and steel strength on stress corrosion cracking of 16MnR steel in anhydrous ammonia service were analyzed. It could be concluded that specimen cracks of the 16MnR steel in anhydrous ammonia environments almost do not grow, threshold stress intensity factors KISCC are higher than 90MPa m
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    s.l. ; Stafa-Zurich, Switzerland
    Key engineering materials Vol. 353-358 (Sept. 2007), p. 2606-2610 
    ISSN: 1013-9826
    Source: Scientific.Net: Materials Science & Technology / Trans Tech Publications Archiv 1984-2008
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: The measurement of crack propagation in solids is of vital importance for the research ofthe fatigue characteristic of solid materials. By analysis of the image based measurement technique,a contact-free crack measurement approach was proposed based on image cross correlationalgorithm. Experiment was performed to verify the validity of this method and it was found that themethod is of high precision. The approach distinguished itself from traditional methods by severalcharacteristics: it has relatively high measuring accuracy, the crack propagation can be continuouslymeasured with this method, the amount of information that the approach provide is much moreabundant than that of other methods. The method is proved to be an efficient method for crackmeasurement and can be applied in fatigue induced material cracking researches
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