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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Sublethal impairment of respiratory control in plaice (Pleuronectes platessa) larvae induced by UV-B radiation, determined using a novel biocybernetical approach (1998)
    Springer
    Marine biology 132 (1998), S. 1-8 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1793
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The increasing amount of UV-B radiation (280 to 320 nm) reaching the earth's surface could endanger transparent fish and zooplankton in upper water layers. Previous studies on marine fish eggs and larvae focused mainly on the effects of high, lethal doses of ultraviolet irradiation. Now a sensitive test for accumulated, sublethal impairments of physiological performance has been established. In developing fish larvae (Pleuronectes platessa L.), the respiratory control responses to hypoxia were evaluated by combining a biocybernetical approach and a novel optical test system. Before testing respiratory control behavior, the larvae were irradiated with light containing UV-B (test individuals) or free from it (control individuals). Differences in the physiological reactions of these larvae were detected by biocybernetical analysis (linear systems analysis) of respiratory control. The analysis was based on the evaluation of changes in ventilatory rate caused by sinusoidally modulated partial pressures of ambient oxygen. The ventilatory movements of the larvae were recorded, analyzed and evaluated by video microscopy and digital image processing. After several days of irradiation with moderate UV-B doses or intensities (8.6 kJ m−2 d−1, corresponding to an irradiance of 0.24 W m−2 for 10 h), sublethal impairments of respiratory control could be detected in plaice larvae by this method; both the linearity of respiratory control itself and the parameters of linear control behavior were affected by UV-B. Concerning environmental implications, the results must still be interpreted cautiously, because natural irradiation conditions are more complex than the artificial regimen. Our biocybernetical approach will be useful for further studies on sublethal impairments of physiological functions caused by UV-B in fish and other transparent marine or limnic animal groups. In addition, the method could be used to test the sublethal impact of chemical contaminants.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002270050366
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Arrestin-substypes in insect antennae
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Cellular Signalling 5 (1993), S. 69-80 
    Details
    ISSN: 0898-6568
    Keywords: Arrestin ; antennae ; insects ; molecular cloning ; primary structure
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/0898-6568(93)90009-B
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Mechanical properties of Al–Y–Ni amorphous ribbons (1996)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 79 (1996), S. 3967-3970 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Mechanical properties for two series of amorphous Al–Y–Ni ternary alloys were measured. Both series of alloys can be divided into two distinct groups. Those whose primary crystallization proceeds by growth of quenched-in Al nuclei and those which show a clear glass transition and their crystallization product is more complex. The Young's modulus, ranging from 82.3 to 45.5 GPa in these series of alloys, is found to be correlated to the crystallization temperature and thermal behavior as well as the crystallization product implying that the mechanical properties depend on the short-range order in the glass. © 1996 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.361824
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    One-to-one coupling of glacial climate variability in Greenland and Antarctica (2006)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 444 (2006), S. 195-198 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] Precise knowledge of the phase relationship between climate changes in the two hemispheres is a key for understanding the Earth’s climate dynamics. For the last glacial period, ice core studies have revealed strong coupling of the largest millennial-scale warm events in Antarctica with the ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nature05301
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Laser-induced desorption of NO from NiO(100): Ab initio calculations of potential surfaces for intermediate excited states (1996)
    College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    The Journal of Chemical Physics 104 (1996), S. 10030-10040 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7690
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: In order to interpret the experimental results of the state resolved UV-laser-induced desorption of NO from NiO(100) (rotational and vibrational populations, velocity distributions of the desorbing NO molecules, etc.), we have performed ab initio complete active space self-consistent field (CASSCF) and configuration interaction (CI) calculations for the interaction potential between NO and the NiO(100) surface in the electronic ground state and for those excited states which are involved in the desorption process. The NiO(100)–NO distance and the tilt angle between the NO axis and the surface normal have been varied. A cluster model containing a NiO8−5-cluster embedded in a Madelung potential has been used for representing the NiO(100) surface. The excited states which are important for the desorption process, are charge transfer states of the substrate–adsorbate system, in which one electron is transferred from the surface into the NO-2π-orbital. The potential curves of these excited charge transfer states show deep minima (4 eV–5 eV) at surface/NO distances which are smaller than that in the ground state. The angular dependence of these potentials behaves similar as in the ground state. A semiempirical correction to the calculated excitation energies has been added which makes use of the bulk polarization of NiO. With this correction the charge transfer states are considerably stabilized. The lowest excitation energy amounts to about 4 eV which is in reasonable agreement with the onset of the laser desorption observed experimentally at about 3.5 eV. The density of the NO−-like states is rather high, so that probably several excited states are involved in the desorption process. The potential energy curves for all of these states are quite similar, but the transitions from the ground state into different excited charge transfer states show strongly differing oscillator strengths, which are also strongly dependent on the surface/NO distance. This fact is important for the dynamics of the deexcitation process in the sense of a selection criterion for the states involved. The magnitude of the oscillator strengths is large in comparison with the excitation of NO in the gas phase, which might be an indication for the possibility of optical excitation processes. One dimensional wave packet calculations on two potential energy curves using fixed lifetimes for the excited state in each calculation have been performed and enable us to estimate the mean lifetime of the excited state to be 15 fs≤τ≤25 fs. This implies that the dynamics of the system is dominated by the attractive part of the excited state potential. © 1996 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.471747
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Stress evolution in Mo/Si multilayers for high-reflectivity extreme ultraviolet mirrors (1998)
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 73 (1998), S. 43-45 
    Details
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The stress evolution of sputter deposited Mo/Si multilayers of possible application as extreme ultraviolet light mirrors has been investigated by in situ substrate curvature measurements using a multiple parallel laser beam technique. Our preliminary results show well-defined stress modulation concurrent with the deposition of Mo and Si layers in the multilayer structure. Large changes in substrate curvature were measured during the early stages of deposition of the individual layers, with Mo exhibiting apparent tension and Si exhibiting apparent compression. The magnitudes of these curvature changes partially offset each other, resulting in an average compressive stress of −350 MPa in the multilayer. Possible stress generating mechanisms during growth of these multilayers as well as single layer films of Mo and Si will be discussed. © 1998 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.121717
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Nonspecular x-ray reflectivity study of roughness scaling in Si/Mo multilayers (2001)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 89 (2001), S. 1101-1107 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The interfacial roughness and lateral correlation length of a series of Si/Mo multilayers with bilayer period 69 Å and number of bilayers ranging from 5 to 40 have been characterized by diffuse x-ray scattering. Superlattice peaks are preserved in offset radial scans indicating a high degree of conformality in the roughness. The lateral correlation length ξ increases with total film thickness h as ξ∼h0.55; however, the magnitude of the roughness is approximately 2 Å for all film thicknesses, in disagreement with scaling laws for self-affine growing surfaces. This observation suggests that interfaces retard the evolution of high-frequency roughness while replicating longer wavelength roughness from one layer to the next © 2001 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1332095
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Olfactory receptors in aquatic and terrestrial vertebrates (1998)
    Springer
    Journal of comparative physiology 183 (1998), S. 635-650 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1351
    Keywords: Key words Olfactory receptors ; Multigene families ; Pseudogenes ; Vertebrate species ; Evolution
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract In species representing different levels of vertebrate evolution, olfactory receptor genes have been identified by molecular cloning techniques. Comparing the deduced amino-acid sequences revealed that the olfactory receptor gene family of Rana esculenta resembles that of Xenopus laevis, indicating that amphibians in general may comprise two classes of olfactory receptors. Whereas teleost fish, including the goldfish Carassius auratus, possess only class I receptors, the `living fossil' Latimeria chalumnae is endowed with both receptor classes; interestingly, most of the class II genes turned out to be pseudogenes. Exploring receptor genes in aquatic mammals led to the discovery of a large array of only class II receptor genes in the dolphin Stenella Coeruleoalba; however, all of these genes were found to be non-functional pseudogenes. These results support the notion that class I receptors may be specialized for detecting water-soluble odorants and class II receptors for recognizing volatile odorants. Comparing the structural features of both receptor classes from various species revealed that they differ mainly in their extracellular loop 3, which may contribute to ligand specificity. Comparing the number and diversity of olfactory receptor genes in different species provides insight into the origin and the evolution of this unique gene family.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s003590050287
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  • 9
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    Nonspecular x-ray reflectivity study of roughness scaling in Si/Mo multilayers (2001)
    American Institute of Physics
    Details
    Publication Date: 2001-01-15
    Print ISSN: 0021-8979
    Electronic ISSN: 1089-7550
    Topics: Physics
    Published by American Institute of Physics
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  • 10
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    Spontaneously Gapped Ground State in Suspended Bilayer Graphene (2012)
    American Physical Society (APS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2012-02-14
    Description: Author(s): F. Freitag, J. Trbovic, M. Weiss, and C. Schönenberger Bilayer graphene bears an eightfold degeneracy due to spin, valley, and layer symmetry, allowing for a wealth of broken symmetry states induced by magnetic or electric fields, by strain, or even spontaneously by interaction. We study the electrical transport in clean current annealed suspended bilay... [Phys. Rev. Lett. 108, 076602] Published Mon Feb 13, 2012
    Keywords: Condensed Matter: Electronic Properties, etc.
    Print ISSN: 0031-9007
    Electronic ISSN: 1079-7114
    Topics: Physics
    Published by American Physical Society (APS)
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