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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Zur Massenvermehrung und aviochemischen Bekämpfung der Kleinen Fichtenblattwespe,Pristiphora abietina (Christ.) (Hym., Tenthredinidae) in Oberösterreich 1981–1987 (1989)
    Springer
    Journal of pest science 62 (1989), S. 127-132 
    Details
    ISSN: 1612-4766
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Seitens der Forstlichen Bundesversuchsanstalt Wien wurde das Insektizid Decis ULV 2,5 g und 5 g pro ha gegen die Kleine Fichtenblattwespe geprüft und mit der Wirkung von Malathion ULVC und Dimilin PH 60-40 verglichen. Bei Zusatz von Ulvapron zum Decis ULV 2,5 g pro ha konnte die Wirkung gegenüber dem Decis ULV 5 g pro ha nach dreimaliger Flugzeugapplikation um etwa ein Drittel gesteigert werden. Da Malathion mit 65%, Decis ULV 2,5 g plus Ulvapron mit 91%, Decis ULV 5 g mit 87% noch nicht den erwünschten Bekämpfungserfolg erreichten, wurde 1982 eine 3. Flugzeugapplikation durchgeführt. Nach der 3. Bekämpfung konnte das Bekämpfungsziel von 98% mit Decis 2,5 g plus Ulvapron mit 96,2% und in den 5 g. Decisflächen mit 95% letaler Wirkung annähernd erreicht werden. In den Malathion- und Dimilinflächen lag der Bekämpfungserfolg nur bei 54%. Im Jahre 1984 wurden die Mitteltreiber am stärksten, die Früh- und Spättreiber annähernd gleich stark befallen. Die ermittelten Larvendichten 1985 lagen in insektizidbehandelten Flächen bei einem Sechstel der Dichte von 1982. Die Wirkung von mit Decis getroffenen Waldameisen oder honigtauerzeugenden Insekten war speziell bei Ulvapronölzusatz tödlich. Die Fichtenquirlschildläuse wurden fast restlos vom persistenten Decis kontaminiert, so daß innerhalb der Kontrollphase von 1983 bis 1985 keine Lecanien aufgefunden werden konnten. Die Bienenvölker erlitten durch Eintrag mit Decis kontaminierter Nahrung einen Brutausfall von ca. 8%. Die Nachhaltigkeit der Bekämpfungsaktionen 1981/82 hielt 4–5 Jahre an.
    Notes: Abstract Aviochemic control measures againstPristiphora abietina (Christ.) using Decis ULV in comparison with Malathion ULVC and Dimilin PH 60-40 showed a distinct superiority of Decis. As the result of three actions in May and June of 1981 and in June of 1982 the reduction ofP. abietina density amounted to 96.2% (using Decis 2.5 g/ha+Ulvapron as an adhering substance) based on the number of larvae at the end of the feeding period. The addition of Ulvapron increased the effectivity of Decis for about 30%. Early and late forcing spruce trees showed less attack than such of intermediate force. Regarding side effects on useful insects ants and honey dew producing homopters were heavily injured by Decis whereas honey bees showed a loss of only about 8% of larvae. The lasting effect of the aviocemic control measures 1981/82 continued for 4–5 years.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01905843
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Beiträge zur Morphologie und Biologie vonHylecoetus dermestoides L. (Col., Lymexylonidae) (1974)
    Springer
    Journal of pest science 47 (1974), S. 7-11 
    Details
    ISSN: 1612-4766
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Summary A contribution to the morphology and biology of Hylecoetus dermestoides L. At first the occurence ofHylecoetus dermestoides L. in the Austrian forests near Aflenz and Rosaliengebirge is described. Analyses of beech stumps are carried out. In general, beech stumps and beech stems are covered with eggs not earlier than one year after felling. The mechanical devices for timber processing such as chitin saws of the larvas and their function is throroughly described. It was found, that the chitin saws are accomodated to the steadely changing timber resistance of the canal walls due to timber decomposition byAmbrosia-mushrooms which are cultivated by the larvas.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02312140
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Beiträge zur Biologie und Bekämpfung vonXyleborus (Anisandrus) dispar F. andX. saxeseni Ratz. (Col., Scolytidae) (1973)
    Springer
    Journal of pest science 46 (1973), S. 183-186 
    Details
    ISSN: 1612-4766
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Summary Contributions to bionomy and control of Xyleborus dispar F. and X. saxeseni Rtz. (Col., Scolytidae) In the beginning of May the females ofX. dispar began to swarm. Within about a week they established their system of hatching tubes which had a mean length of 12.95 cm. In the average 28 eggs were laid in 15 days in heaps in the horizontal fork corridor. 2–3 days after the first laying of the eggs the larvae came out. The change into the chrysalis state occured in another 14–16 days. The young beetle shed after 14–16 days of larva rest their exuviae. After 4 days of feeding, the melanin formation was completed. The whole process took 33 days. A generation needed a period of 54 days stretched over the months of May and June. The sexual ratio (M:F) is 1:2 and the sexual index was 0.6. Only one generation per year was produced and hibernated in the hatching tubes until next spring. Summarizing the results give a bionomic formula of 5 − 56/6 + 6, 4 5 forXyleborus dispar. Xyleborus saxeseni showed an average of 73 offsprings per hatching site. Both Xyleborus species were controlled with Metasystox (i).
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01991812
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Peroxisome proliferation in Norway spruce induced by ozone (1990)
    Springer
    Protoplasma 155 (1990), S. 58-65 
    Details
    ISSN: 1615-6102
    Keywords: Catalase ; Cytochemistry ; Ozone ; Peroxisomes ; Picea abies
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary Catalase (EC 1.11.1.6) activity (both total and specific activity) of particulate fractions of needles of Norway spruce [Picea abies (L.) Karst.] was elevated approximately 2-fold following exposure of trees to 60–70 μg/m3 of ozone during the growing season compared to trees receiving charcoal filtered air (about 15 μg/m3 ozone). Measurements were from homogenates fractionated into particulate and soluble (supernatent) activities. In contrast, the catalase activity of the supernatant was unchanged in response to ozone treatment. Catalase activity declined as the needles aged comparing current, 1-, and 2-year needles but the ozone-induced increment remained constant. Electron microscope cytochemistry using peroxidatic coupling with 3,3′-diaminobenzidine carried out in parallel, revealed catalase-containing peroxisomes both in situ and in the particulate fractions analyzed for catalase activity. The tissue volume occupied by peroxisomes in response to needle age and ozone appeared to vary approximately in proportion to the measured catalase activity. Overall cytochemical reactivity for catalase declined with needle age, but, for all years, was greater in needles of trees receiving air supplemented with ozone compared to those of trees receiving charcoal filtered air.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01322615
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Bewitterung von schwermetallfreien PVC-fensterprofilenVortrag anläßlich des 19. Donauländergespräches über “Athmosphärische Alterung und Stabilisierung von Polymeren” in Prag (Tschechoslovakei) vom 24. - 29. Juli 1989 (1990)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Angewandte Makromolekulare Chemie 176 (1990), S. 185-195 
    Details
    ISSN: 0003-3146
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Description / Table of Contents: Es wird das Bewitterungsverhalten von Blei/Barium/Cadmium-bzw. Barium/Cadmium-stabilisierten Profilen mit neuentwickelten, schwermetallfreien Profilen, sogenannten HMF Profilen verglichen.Die Bewitterungsprüfung erfolgte in Freien, im Xenotest 450, QUV(A), und QUV(B). Verfolgt wurden die farbmetrischen Werte (ΔE, ΔL, ΔA, ΔB) und der Glanzverlust in Abhängigkeit von der Bewitterungsdauer. wahrend im QUV(B) fur die Praxis unbrauchbare Ergebnisse erhalten wurden, korrelieren die QUV(A) Gesamtfarbdifferenzergebnisse sehr gut mit den Freibewitterungsergebnissen. Die HMF stabilisierten Profile sind im Oberflächenangriff den Standard Blei/Barium/Cadmium-Profilen gleichwertig, wenn nicht überlegen. In der Farbmetrik verhalten sich die neuentwickelten HMF Profile gleichwertig den Blei/Barium/Cadmium Standardprofilen.
    Notes: The weathering behaviour of lead/barium/cadmium-respectively barium/cadmium-stabilized profiles has been compared with new developed profiles which are free from heavy metals, the so-called HMF profiles.The weathering tests have been made out doors, in Xenotest 450, QUV(A), and QUV(B). The colourmetric values (ΔE, ΔL, ΔA, ΔB) and the loss of brightness were measured in dependence of weathering time. The results of QUV(A) measurements were not suitable for practical application, but the findings of the total colour difference of QUV (A) measurements correlate very well with the results of out door weathering. With respect to the surface attack HMF-stabilized profiles are equivalent to the lead/barium/cadmium standard profiles or even superior. The colourmetric behaviour of the new developed HMF profiles is equivalent to the lead/barium/cadmium standard profiles.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/apmc.1990.051760116
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Zur Kenntniss des sogenannten β-Dibromphenanthrens (1904)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 37 (1904), S. 3026-3030 
    Details
    ISSN: 0365-9496
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cber.19040370382
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  • 7
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    Bayesian Optimization of a Free-Electron Laser (2020)
    American Physical Society
    Details
    Publication Date: 2020-03-25
    Print ISSN: 0031-9007
    Electronic ISSN: 1079-7114
    Topics: Physics
    Published by American Physical Society
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  • 8
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    Stabilin-1 and Stabilin-2 are specific receptors for the cellular internalization of phosphorothioate-modified antisense oligonucleotides (ASOs) in the liver (2016)
    Oxford University Press
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-04-08
    Description: Phosphorothioate (PS)-modified antisense oligonucleotides (ASOs) have been extensively investigated over the past three decades as pharmacological and therapeutic agents. One second generation ASO, Kynamro™, was recently approved by the FDA for the treatment of homozygous familial hypercholesterolemia and over 35 second generation PS ASOs are at various stages of clinical development. In this report, we show that the Stabilin class of scavenger receptors, which were not previously thought to bind DNA, do bind and internalize PS ASOs. With the use of primary cells from mouse and rat livers and recombinant cell lines each expressing Stabilin-1 and each isoform of Stabilin-2 (315-HARE and 190-HARE), we have determined that PS ASOs bind with high affinity and these receptors are responsible for bulk, clathrin-mediated endocytosis within the cell. Binding is primarily dependent on salt-bridge formation and correct folding of the intact protein receptor. Increased internalization rates also enhanced ASO potency for reducing expression of the non-coding RNA Malat-1, in Stabilin-expressing cell lines. A more thorough understanding of mechanisms by which ASOs are internalized in cells and their intracellular trafficking pathways will aid in the design of next generation antisense agents with improved therapeutic properties.
    Print ISSN: 0305-1048
    Electronic ISSN: 1362-4962
    Topics: Biology
    Published by Oxford University Press
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  • 9
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    Hidden intrabasin extension: Evidence for dike-fault interaction from magnetic, gravity, and seismic reflection data in Surprise Valley, northeastern California (2016)
    Geological Society of America (GSA)
    In: Geosphere
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-01-28
    Description: The relative contributions of tectonic and magmatic processes to continental rifting are highly variable. Magnetic, gravity, and seismic reflection data from Surprise Valley, California, in the northwest Basin and Range, reveal an intrabasin, fault-controlled, ~10-m-thick dike at a depth of ~150 m, providing an excellent example of the interplay between faulting and dike intrusion. The dike, likely a composite structure representing multiple successive intrusions, is inferred from modeling a positive magnetic anomaly that extends ~35 km and parallels the basin-bounding Surprise Valley normal fault on the west side of the valley. A two-dimensional high-resolution seismic reflection profile acquired across the magnetic high images a normal fault dipping 56°E with ~275 m of throw buried ~60 m below the surface. Densely spaced gravity measurements reveal a 〈1 mGal gravity low consistent with the fault offset inferred from the seismic data. Collinearity of the magnetic high and gravity low for ~6 km implies normal fault control of the dike along that length. The unusually shallow angle of the dike suggests that motion along the fault (perhaps aided by reduced friction along the dike) and associated block rotation resulted in post-intrusion tilting of the dike. The source of the dike is likely related to a shallow brittle-ductile transition zone that was elevated following rapid slip on the Surprise Valley fault after 3 Ma. Prior to our work, the Surprise Valley fault was assumed to accommodate the vast majority of extension across the region. Our results indicate that subsurface features, although no longer active, are significant contributors to the processes, timing, and total amount of extension observed in continental rift environments.
    Electronic ISSN: 1553-040X
    Topics: Geosciences
    Published by Geological Society of America (GSA)
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  • 10
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    Rise and fall of late Pleistocene pluvial lakes in response to reduced evaporation and precipitation: Evidence from Lake Surprise, California (2014)
    Geological Society of America (GSA)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2014-10-28
    Description: Widespread late Pleistocene lake systems of the Basin and Range Province indicate substantially greater moisture availability during glacial periods relative to modern times, but the climatic factors that drive changes in lake levels are poorly constrained. To better constrain these climatic factors, we present a new lacustrine paleoclimate record and precipitation estimates for Lake Surprise, a closed basin lake in northeastern California. We combine a detailed analysis of lake hydrography and constitutive relationships describing the water balance to determine the influence of precipitation, evaporation, temperature, and seasonal insolation on past lake levels. At its maximum extent, during the last deglaciation, Lake Surprise covered 1366 km 2 (36%) of the terminally draining Surprise Valley watershed. Using paired radiocarbon and 230 Th-U analyses, we dated shoreline tufa deposits from wave-cut lake terraces in Surprise Valley, California, to determine the hydrography of the most recent lake cycle. This new lake hydrograph places the highest lake level 176 m above the present-day playa at 15.19 ± 0.18 calibrated ka ( 14 C age). This significantly postdates the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM), when Lake Surprise stood at only moderate levels, 65–99 m above modern playa, similar to nearby Lake Lahontan. To evaluate the climatic factors associated with lake-level changes, we use an oxygen isotope mass balance model combined with an analysis of predictions from the Paleoclimate Model Intercomparison Project 3 (PMIP3) climate model ensemble. Our isotope mass balance model predicts minimal precipitation increases of only 2%–18% during the LGM relative to modern, compared to an ~75% increase in precipitation during the 15.19 ka highstand. LGM PMIP3 climate model simulations corroborate these findings, simulating an average precipitation increase of only 6.5% relative to modern, accompanied by a 28% decrease in total evaporation driven by a 7 °C decrease in mean annual temperature. LGM PMIP3 climate model simulations also suggest a seasonal decoupling of runoff and precipitation, with peak runoff shifting to the late spring–early summer from the late winter–early spring. Our coupled analyses suggest that moderate lake levels during the LGM were a result of reduced evaporation driven by reduced summer insolation and temperatures, not by increased precipitation. Reduced evaporation primed Basin and Range lake systems, particularly smaller, isolated basins such as Surprise Valley, to respond rapidly to increased precipitation during late-Heinrich Stadial 1 (HS1). Post-LGM highstands were potentially driven by increased rainfall during HS1 brought by latitudinally extensive and strengthened midlatitude westerly storm tracks, the effects of which are recorded in the region’s lacustrine and glacial records. These results suggest that seasonal insolation and reduced temperatures have been underinvestigated as long-term drivers of moisture availability in the western United States.
    Print ISSN: 0016-7606
    Electronic ISSN: 1943-2674
    Topics: Geosciences
    Published by Geological Society of America (GSA)
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