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  • 1
    Publication Date: 2014-02-01
    Description: Plant floral stem cells divide a limited number of times before they stop and terminally differentiate, but the mechanisms that control this timing remain unclear. The precise temporal induction of the Arabidopsis zinc finger repressor KNUCKLES (KNU) is essential for the coordinated growth and differentiation of floral stem cells. We identify an epigenetic mechanism in which the floral homeotic protein AGAMOUS (AG) induces KNU at ~2 days of delay. AG binding sites colocalize with a Polycomb response element in the KNU upstream region. AG binding to the KNU promoter causes the eviction of the Polycomb group proteins from the locus, leading to cell division-dependent induction. These analyses demonstrate that floral stem cells measure developmental timing by a division-dependent epigenetic timer triggered by Polycomb eviction.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Sun, Bo -- Looi, Liang-Sheng -- Guo, Siyi -- He, Zemiao -- Gan, Eng-Seng -- Huang, Jiangbo -- Xu, Yifeng -- Wee, Wan-Yi -- Ito, Toshiro -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2014 Jan 31;343(6170):1248559. doi: 10.1126/science.1248559.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Temasek Life Sciences Laboratory, 1 Research Link, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117604, Republic of Singapore.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24482483" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: AGAMOUS Protein, Arabidopsis/genetics/*metabolism ; Arabidopsis/cytology/genetics/*growth & development ; Arabidopsis Proteins/genetics/*metabolism ; Base Sequence ; Carrier Proteins/genetics/*metabolism ; Cell Division/genetics/*physiology ; Epigenesis, Genetic ; Flowers/cytology/genetics/*growth & development ; Gene Expression Regulation, Plant ; Meristem/*cytology ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Plants, Genetically Modified/cytology/growth & development ; Polycomb-Group Proteins/genetics/*metabolism ; Promoter Regions, Genetic ; Stem Cells/*cytology ; Time Factors ; Trans-Activators/genetics/metabolism
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 2
    Publication Date: 2014-09-27
    Description: Trimethylation of lysine 36 of histone H3 (H3K36me3) is found to be associated with various transcription events. In Arabidopsis , the H3K36me3 level peaks in the first half of coding regions, which is in contrast to the 3'-end enrichment in animals. The MRG15 family proteins function as ‘reader’ proteins by binding to H3K36me3 to control alternative splicing or prevent spurious intragenic transcription in animals. Here, we demonstrate that two closely related Arabidopsis homologues (MRG1 and MRG2) are localised to the euchromatin and redundantly ensure the increased transcriptional levels of two flowering time genes with opposing functions, FLOWERING LOCUS C and FLOWERING LOCUS T (FT) . MRG2 directly binds to the FT locus and elevates the expression in an H3K36me3-dependent manner. MRG1/2 binds to H3K36me3 with their chromodomain and interact with the histone H4-specific acetyltransferases (HAM1 and HAM2) to achieve a high expression level through active histone acetylation at the promoter and 5' regions of target loci. Together, this study presents a mechanistic link between H3K36me3 and histone H4 acetylation. Our data also indicate that the biological functions of MRG1/2 have diversified from their animal homologues during evolution, yet they still maintain their conserved H3K36me3-binding molecular function.
    Print ISSN: 0305-1048
    Electronic ISSN: 1362-4962
    Topics: Biology
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