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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Immunogenetics 50 (1999), S. 336-343 
    ISSN: 1432-1211
    Keywords: Key words Amphibian ; Axolotl ; Ikaros ; Hematopoiesis ; Development
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract  TheIkaros family of transcription factors plays an essential role in hematopoiesis. We report here the structure of cDNA clones encoding two Ikaros isoforms, Ik1 and Ik2, in the Mexican axolotl. The Ik1 cDNA sequence is very similar to that of the rainbow trout, chicken, and mammalian Ik1 sequences. However, a 96 base pair region which encodes the first N-terminal zing finger (F1) is lacking from axolotl Ik1, both in clones from a cDNA library and clones isolated from direct polymerase chain reaction products. A region corresponding to exon 3 is completely absent from the axolotl Ik2 sequence and thus the Ik1 and Ik2 isoforms possess the same number of zinc finger motifs. The structure of these five CC-HH motifs is very well conserved in the axolotl, including the structural deviations from its amino acid consensus composition which are identical in all species analyzed to date. The axolotl Ik1 3′ untranslated region sequence is very long (2538 bp) and contains two UA-rich motifs known as instability determinants and which could play a role in mRNA translational efficiency. Ikaros transcripts are first detected in the ventral blood island of stage 36 embryos, about 24 h before the first heartbeats (late tailbud stage), and then in the major lymphopoietic organs of the developing larvae. In situ hybridization demonstrates that Ikaros transcripts are abundant at the periphery of the thymus lobes, in the presumptive site of early thymocyte differentiation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    European journal of clinical pharmacology 49 (1996), S. 485-489 
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: Nalbuphine ; Neonate ; therapeutic drug monitoring ; placental transfer ; pharmacokinetics
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Nalbuphine, a mixed agonist-antagonist opiate, is commonly used as a systemic analgesic during labour. Recent reports of perinatal adverse effects prompted us to carry out therapeutic nalbuphine monitoring in obstetric analgesia. Because data on fetomaternal transfer are scarce and the pharmacokinetics of this drug in the neonate are largely unknown, we report data obtained from 28 parturients treated with nalbuphine either intramuscularly and/or intravenously during labour. Plasma nalbuphine levels were measured by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) with electrochemical detection. At delivery, 30–150 min after maternal administration, nalbuphine concentrations ranged from 5.0 to 79.2 ng·ml−1 in mother plasma samples and from 3.0 to 46.6 ng·ml−1 in umbilical cord plasma samples. Nalbuphine concentrations were highly correlated to dose. The fetomaternal ratio was high: 0.74 and not correlated to the administered dose of nalbuphine. An estimated plasma half-life of 4.1 h was calculated from two determinations in the neonate based on the assumption of a monoexponential decay of nalbuphine concentrations. Apart from a flattening of the fetal heart rate tracing in 54% of the cases, only one neonate had a low Apgar score at birth. The apparent prolonged half-life of nalbuphine in the neonate indicates the usefulness of an intramuscular injection of naloxone to prevent recurrence of cardiorespiratory depression due to nalbuphine administration to the mother.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    European journal of clinical pharmacology 49 (1996), S. 485-489 
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: Key words Nalbuphine ; Neonate; therapeutic drug monitoring ; placental transfer ; pharmacokinetics
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Nalbuphine, a mixed agonist-antagonist opiate, is commonly used as a systemic analgesic during labour. Recent reports of perinatal adverse effects prompted us to carry out therapeutic nalbuphine monitoring in obstetric analgesia. Because data on fetomaternal transfer are scarce and the pharmacokinetics of this drug in the neonate are largely unknown, we report data obtained from 28 parturients treated with nalbuphine either intramuscularly and/or intravenously during labour. Plasma nalbuphine levels were measured by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) with electrochemical detection. At delivery, 30–150 min after maternal administration, nalbuphine concentrations ranged from 5.0 to 79.2 ng ⋅ ml−1 in mother plasma samples and from 3.0 to 46.6 ng ⋅ ml−1 in umbilical cord plasma samples. Nalbuphine concentrations were highly correlated to dose. The fetomaternal ratio was high: 0.74 and not correlated to the administered dose of nalbuphine. An estimated plasma half-life of 4.1 h was calculated from two determinations in the neonate based on the assumption of a monoexponential decay of nalbuphine concentrations. Apart from a flattening of the fetal heart rate tracing in 54% of the cases, only one neonate had a low Apgar score at birth. The apparent prolonged half-life of nalbuphine in the neonate indicates the usefulness of an intramuscular injection of naloxone to prevent recurrence of cardiorespiratory depression due to nalbuphine administration to the mother.
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology -- Part A: Physiology 84 (1986), S. 617-623 
    ISSN: 0300-9629
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology -- Part A: Physiology 100 (1991), S. 117-126 
    ISSN: 0300-9629
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Nuclear Inst. and Methods in Physics Research, B 85 (1994), S. 874-880 
    ISSN: 0168-583X
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Nuclear Inst. and Methods in Physics Research, B 77 (1993), S. 492-498 
    ISSN: 0168-583X
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of comparative physiology 145 (1982), S. 505-516 
    ISSN: 1432-1351
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary 1. In the antennae of the rock lobster,Palinurus vulgaris, proprioception of the two distal joints (J2-J3) (Fig. 1) is ensured by a single mechanoreceptor, the J2-J3 chordotonal organ (CO J2-J3). 2. The CO J2-J3 is formed by a large connective tissue sheet spanning both joints. On the sheet, three groups of sensory cells can be distinguished: a proximal group g1, a medial group g2, a distal group g3 (Fig. 2). 3. Because of the triple cuticular insertion of the sheet, CO J2-J3 length is affected differently by J2 and J3 movements. Micrometric observations have shown that g1 region length changes result mainly from J2 movements, g3 region from J3 movements and g2 region length changes result from movements of both J2 and J3 joints (Fig. 3). 4. Electrophysiological study revealed two kinds of sensory afferent: sensory neurones exclusively sensitive to joint positions (static sensitivity) and sensory neurones exclusively sensitive to joint movements (dynamic sensitivity), the latter neurones responding to only one movement direction (extension or flexion) of the joints. 5. Each kind of sensory neurone can be subdivided into different categories according to its sensitivity to J2 and J3 position and movement: the monoarticular neurones encoding the position or movement of only one joint, J2 or J3; the biarticular neurones sensitive either to the positions or to the movements of both joints. Some respond to position changes of J2 and J3 in the same direction (homo-directional neurones); some respond to position changes of J2 and J3 in opposite directions; i.e. J2 flexion-J3 extension (hetero-directional neurones). 6. The origin of the different modalities of sensory responses has been interpreted according to the localization of the sensory neurones on the CO J2-J3 sheet. 7. CO J2-J3 sensory information is compared with that observed in other chordotonal organs and its role in controlling joint position and movement is discussed.
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    BioControl 39 (1994), S. 257-265 
    ISSN: 1573-8248
    Keywords: Predator ; prey ; ELISA ; gut content analysis ; methods
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Description / Table of Contents: Résumé La nouvelle méthode d'analyse immunologique du contenu du tube digestif des insectes prédateurs diffère des méthodes précédemment décrites car elle ne demande pas le développement préalable d'anticorps spécifiques de la proie. Au contraire la proie est marquée avec un antigène de mammifère déjà disponible, l'immunoglobuline G de lapin (IgG). Nous avons donc testé cette méthode sur des prédateurs nourris de proies marquées par l'immunoglobuline par la technique ELISA en utilisant un anticorps de l'immunoglobuline de lapin. Parmi les espèces de prédateurs nourries de proies marquées à l'immunoglobuline, 98,8% d'entre elles (du type broyeur) ont réagi positivement à l'immunoglobuline 1 heure après s'être nourries. Notre technique de marquage de proie ELISA est moins efficace pour détecter les restes de proies marqués à l'immunoglobuline chez les prédateurs de type suceur-piqueur. Seulement 29,5% de ces derniers présentent une réaction positive à l'immunolobuline dans leur tube digestif lh après s'être nourris. Les résultats de cette étude montrent que cette technique de marquage pourrait être largement utilisée pour analyser le contenu intestinal des prédateurs de type broyeur mais qu'elle présente un intérêt limité pour les prédateurs de type suceur-piqueur.
    Notes: Abstract We introduce a new method for immunologically examining predator gut contents. It differs from previously described gut content analyses because it does not require the development of prey-specific antibody probes. Instead, insect prey were marked with a readily available antigen, rabbit immunoglobulin G (IgG). We then assayed predators that had fed on IgG labeled prey with an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) using goat anti-rabbit IgG. Of the predator species that fed on the IgG labeled prey, 98.8% of those with chewing mouthparts scored positive for IgG 1 h after feeding. Our prey-labeling ELISA was less efficient for detecting IgG prey remains in predators with piercing/sucking mouthparts. Only 29.5% of these individuals scored positive for rabbit IgG in their guts 1 h after feeding. An additional study was conducted to measure the retention time of IgG-labeled prey in the guts of two species of predators with chewing mouthparts. Results from this experiment showed that the retention time varied depending on the predator and prey species examined. Results from these studies indicate that this marking technique could have widespread use for analyzing the gut contents of predators with chewing mouthparts, but it has limited application for those predators with piercing/sucking mouthparts.
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  • 10
    ISSN: 1432-2234
    Keywords: Key words: DNA sequence ; DNA structure ; Molecular modelling ; Radioprotection ; WR thiols
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract. Sequence-dependent variations of DNA structure modulate radiation-induced strand breakage. Thiols reduce breakage by scavenging damaging radiolytic OH . and repairing sugar radicals. As shown by sequencing gel electrophoresis, WR-1065 radioprotection is modulated by sequence, whereas that of WR-151326, a larger thiol, is more evenly distributed. Molecular modelling was performed on complexes of a 53 bp oligonucleotide (belonging to a natural restriction fragment) with one molecule of WR-1065 or WR-151326. Energy minimised structures exhibit a broadening of the minor groove of an AAATT motif upon WR-1065 binding, and a narrowing of the groove upon WR-151326 binding. Consequently, the accessibility to OH˙ of H4′ (whose abstraction leads to strand breakage) increases near WR-1065, whereas it decreases near WR-151326. This modifies locally the otherwise homogeneous radioprotection. The effect of WR-151326 strengthens the protection at all tested binding sites, whereas that of WR-1065 diminishes it in some regions, in good agreement with the observed radioprotection distribution.
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