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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Morphogenetic and nutritional studies of Geotrichum lactis cells (1973)
    Springer
    Archives of microbiology 88 (1973), S. 245-256 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-072X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary Geotrichum lactis was grown in culture media with different carbon and nitrogen sources. Biotin is needed as a growth factor. During incubation in shake flasks mycelium and arthrospores are produced. Under certain conditions, such as low pH, there is a new form that we have called “yeast-like form”. This thick-walled form develops from mature arthrospores. The arthrospore and the yeastlike cells have walls with different chemical and structural composition, as observed in the electron microscope, and in their resistance to some lytic extracts.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00421849
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effect of papulacandin B on β-glucan synthesis in Schizosaccharomyces pombe (1983)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    FEMS microbiology letters 20 (1983), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1574-6968
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The antifungal antibiotic papulacandin β inhibited B(1,3)glucan-synthase activity, in vitro, from Schizosaccharomyces pombe. Levels of β(1,3)glucan-synthase from antibiotic-treated cultures were lower than the control cultures whereas mannan-synthase and β(1,3)glucanase activities were almost unaffected. The presence of an osmotic stabilizer reduced the inhibition of growth caused by the antibiotic. Addition of papulacandin β to a culture of S. pombe specifically inhibited incorporation of glucose into the β-glucan cell wall fraction. The fatty acids as well as the hydroxyl groups on the phenol residue of the papulacandin β molecule were essential for the inhibitory activity.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1574-6968.1983.tb00125.x
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    β(1,3)-Glucanases from Geotrichum lactis: activity on its own nascent and preformed β(1,3)-glucan (1984)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    FEMS microbiology letters 23 (1984), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1574-6968
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Actively growing mycelium of Geotrichum lactis contains at least three β(1,3)-glucanase activities. Two of the activities have been characterized as exo- and the third as endo-hydrolytic. The action of the activities on β(1,3)-glucan synthesized in vitro by the β(1,3)-glucan synthase system from G. lactis has been studied. One of the exo-β-glucanases and the endo-β-glucanase were active on this β(1,3)-glucan and the degradation rates were higher on nascent than on preformed β(1,3)-glucan.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1574-6968.1984.tb01069.x
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    bgs2+, a sporulation-specific glucan synthase homologue is required for proper ascospore wall maturation in fission yeast (2000)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Molecular microbiology 38 (2000), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2958
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: The formation of the ascospore cell wall of Schizosaccharomyces pombe requires the co-ordinated activity of enzymes involved in the biosynthesis of its components, such as glucans. We have cloned the bgs2+ gene. bgs2+ belongs to the glucan synthase family of S. pombe and is homologous to the Saccharomyces cerevisiae FKS1 and FKS2 genes. Deletion or overexpression of this gene does not lead to any apparent defect during vegetative growth, but homozygous bgs2Δ diploids do show a sporulation defect. Although meiosis takes place normally, ascospores are unable to mature, and their wall differs from that of wild-type ascospores. Moreover, bgs2Δ zygotes were not able to release ascospores spontaneously, and the ascospores were unable to germinate. We show that expression of bgs2+ is restricted to sporulation and that a bgs2–green fluorescent protein (GFP) fusion protein localizes to the ascospore envelope. The glucan synthase activity in sporulating diploids bearing a bgs2 deletion was diminished in comparison with that of the wild-type diploids, a fact that underscores the importance of the bgs2+ gene and glucan synthesis for the proper formation and maturation of the ascospore wall.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2958.2000.02118.x
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Characterization of the geranylgeranyl transferase type I from Schizosaccharomyces pombe (1998)
    Oxford BSL : Blackwell Science Ltd, UK
    Molecular microbiology 29 (1998), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2958
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: The Schizosaccharomyces pombe cwg2+ gene encodes the β-subunit of geranylgeranyl transferase I (GGTase I), which participates in the post-translational C-terminal modification of several small GTPases, allowing their targeting to the membrane. Using the two-hybrid system, we have identified the cwp1+ gene that encodes the α-subunit of the GGTase I. cwp1p interaction with cwg2p was mapped to amino acids 1–244 or 137–294 but was not restricted to amino acids 137–244. The genomic cwp1+ was isolated and sequenced. It has two putative open reading frames of 677 and 218 bp, separated by a 51 bp intron. The predicted amino acid sequence shows significant similarity to GGTase I α-subunits from different species. However, complementation of Saccharomyces cerevisiae ram2-1 mutant by overexpressing the cwp1+ gene was not possible. Expression of both cwg2+ and cwp1+ in Escherichia coli allowed ‘in vitro’ reconstitution of the GGTase I activity. S. pombe cells expressing the mutant enzyme containing the cwg2-1 mutation do not grow at 37°C, but the growth defect can be suppressed by the addition of sorbitol. Actin immunostaining of the cwg2-1 mutant strain grown at 37°C showed an abnormal distribution of actin patches. The cwg2-1 mutation was identified as a guanine to adenine substitution at nucleotide 604 of the coding region, originating the change A202T in the cwg2p. Deletion of the cwg2 gene is lethal; Δcwg2 spores can divide two or three times before losing viability. Most cells have aberrant morphology and septation defects. Overexpression of the rho1G15VC199R double-mutant allele in S. pombe caused loss of polarity but was not lethal and did not render the (1–3)β-D-glucan synthase activity independent of GTP. Therefore, geranylgeranylation of rho1p is required for the appropriate function of this GTPase.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2958.1998.01009.x
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Proper ascospore maturation requires the chs1+ chitin synthase gene in Schizosaccharomyces pombe (2000)
    Oxford BSL : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Molecular microbiology 35 (2000), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2958
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: We have cloned chs1+, a Schizosaccharomyces pombe gene with similarity to class II chitin synthases, and have shown that it is responsible for chitin synthase activity present in cell extracts from this organism. Analysis of this activity reveals that it behaves like chitin synthases from other fungi, although with specific biochemical characteristics. Deletion or overexpression of this gene does not lead to any apparent defect during vegetative growth. In contrast, chs1+ expression increases significantly during sporulation, and this is accompanied by an increase in chitin synthase activity. In addition, spore formation is severely affected when both parental strains carry a chs1 deletion, as a result of a defect in the synthesis of the ascospore cell wall. Finally, we show that wild-type, but not chs1−/chs1 −, ascospore cell walls bind wheatgerm agglutinin. Our results clearly suggest the existence of a relationship between chs1+, chitin synthesis and ascospore maturation in S. pombe.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2958.2000.01678.x
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Bottled-Water Quality in Metropolitan Mexico City (1999)
    Springer
    Water, air & soil pollution 113 (1999), S. 217-226 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-2932
    Keywords: bottled water ; bacteriological quality and physico-chemicalquality
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering
    Notes: Abstract Bacteriological and physico-chemical parameters of 265 samples from 39 brands sold in 5-gallon plastic and glass bottles and 2-5 L plastic containers were analyzed to determine the quality of bottled water distributed in Mexico City. Tests included fecal and total coliform counts, alkalinity, total hardness, chloride, calcium and magnesium concentrations, pH and conductivity. Correlation and cluster analyses and ANOVA were carried out, and a comparison made of the averages with the maximum permissible levels established in the Official Mexican Norms. Concerning the investigated parameters no differences (p 〉 0.05) between the brands were found. Physico-chemical parameters were studied and all the samples were within the permissible limits. Most samples taken from the 5-gallon containers exceeded the maximum bacteriological limits. It was concluded that the bacteriological quality of the brands studied was extremely variable. Appropriate sanitary measures, should be established to control this aspect.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1005088011681
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Characterization of CHS4 (CAL2), a Gene of Saccharomyces cerevisiae Involved in Chitin Biosynthesis and Allelic to SKT5 and CSD4 (1997)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Yeast 13 (1997), S. 795-807 
    Details
    ISSN: 0749-503X
    Keywords: chitin synthase III ; morphogenesis ; Calcofluor resistance ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Genetics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: We have cloned CHS4, a gene that complements the resistance to Calcofluor of the Saccharomyces cerevisiae cal2 mutant. We show that CHS4 is allelic to the previously described SKT5 and CSD4 genes. CHS4 encodes a 696 amino acids protein with no potential transmembrane domain. chs4-null mutants are resistant to Calcofluor white and exhibit a considerable reduction in cell wall chitin and in chitin synthase III (CSIII) activity. Biochemical characterization of chitin synthase III from these null mutants indicates that the defect is due to a reduced Vmax of the enzyme. This defect can be overcome in vitro by trypsin treatment of the membrane preparations. Chs4p does not act as a transcriptional or translational regulator of CHS3, the gene coding for the catalytic subunit of CSIII activity, and we therefore propose that Chs4p would be an essential component of the CSIII complex, acting as a post-translational regulator of this activity. In addition to the chitin defect, the chs4 mutant shows a severe defect in mating. © 1997 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Characterization of cwl1+, a gene from Schizosaccharomyces pombe whose overexpression causes cell lysis (1996)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Yeast 12 (1996), S. 983-990 
    Details
    ISSN: 0749-503X
    Keywords: fission yeast ; dominant genetics ; cell wall regulation ; Life Sciences ; Life Sciences (general)
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: From a Schizosaccharomyces pombe genomic library we have isolated the gene cwl1+ that causes cell lysis when it is overexpressed in the absence of an osmotic stabilizer. Southern hybridization showed that cwl1+ exists as a single copy in the S. pombe genome. The cwl1+ gene nucleotide sequence revealed a putative open reading frame of 924 bp encoding a polypeptide of 308 amino acids with a calculated Mr of 27 000. The cwl1+ DNA hybridizes to a major RNA transcript of 1·5 kb whose 5′ end maps at a position 452 bp upstream from the predicted translation start. Comparison of the amino acid sequence with those included in the current databases, showed no significant similarity to any known sequences. Cells overexpressing the cwl1+ gene under the control of the S. pombe nmt inducible promoter displayed a reduced cell wall content, were unable to separate after division and lysed drastically in the absence of osmotic stabilizer. Disruption of the cwl1+ gene caused no noticeable phenotype. The sequence has been deposited in the EMBL data library under Accession Number X9445.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
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    Efficient computation of capillary–gravity generalised solitary waves (2016)
    Elsevier
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-09-01
    Print ISSN: 0165-2125
    Electronic ISSN: 1878-433X
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Published by Elsevier
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