ALBERT

Description: The island of Ischia has a land area of 46.3 square kilometers and a population of 64.115 inhabitants by 2019. The territorial density is 1,385 inhabitants per square kilometer. The environmental sustainability of Ischia is about 22 thousand inhabitants. In the year 2017 there were about 2.3 million tourists. The remarkable expansion of historical settlements on the Island in recent decades, without adequate planning that would pay attention to the geological hazard, has produced an exponential increase in risk, as it was shown by the disastrous earthquake that occurred in Casamicciola on 21 August 2017. The underestimation of volcanic, seismic and hydrogeological risks on the Island is incomprehensible due to the catastrophes that occurred with the historic eruption of 1302, the strong earthquakes of 1881 and 1883 and the disastrous flood of 1910.

Description: Published

Description: PARMA

Description: 6V. Pericolosità vulcanica e contributi alla stima del rischio

Description: Abstract – The Campanian Plain: a geological monument of 5.000 km2 from the Tyrrhenian Sea to the Apennines - The Campanian Plain is the region in Southern Italy which extends between the Apennine Chain and Tyrrhenian Sea over an area of 5,000 km2 from Mt. Massico, in the north, to Sorrento Peninsula in the south of the Plain. The ancient name of this area was Campania Felix. This territory is an extraordinary geological monument characterized by volcanoes, earthquakes, tsunamis, slow ground vertical movements (bradiseism) which generated myths, legends, archeological findings, historical documents. The Campanian Plain is affected by extensional tectonics related to the spreading of the Tyrrhenian Basin. The onset of this process occurred between the Mid–Pliocene and the Early Pleistocene, when large morpho-structural depressions began to develop, giving rise to the Bay of Naples. The whole range of phenomena observed, in particular the recent tectonics and chemism of magmas feeding active volcanoes can be accounted for the local upwelling of the Mantle, the lytosphere plate bending and subsequent collapses. The measure of the collapse in the Campanian Plain, due to the stretching of the crust produced by the Mantle migration, is obtained by the thickness of sediments forming Campanian Plain. These data and the time lapse of the process furnish a value of about 1-2 mm/yr for the velocity of the subsidence during the Quaternary. Coeval to the deformation of this morphostructural depression was the onset of intense magmatic activity with the formation of the polygenic apparatus of Mt. Vesuvius and the volcanic fields of Phlegraean Fields and Ischia Island. In the Phlegrean Fields and Ischia caldera collapses, ignimbrite eruptions, and caldera resurgences occurred; instead at Vesuvius numerous Plinian eruptions were recorded. The most recent eruptions in the Neapolitan area occurred in 1302 at Ischia, 1538 at Phlegrean Fields and 1944 at Vesuvius. At present large fumarolic fields and thermal springs outcrop in several sites, while in the Phlegrean Fields slow oscillations of ground are recorded. The eruptive history of neapolitan volcanoes, the seismic history of Southern Appennines as well as the geological features of Campanian Plain characterize this area as a geological multirisk territory. Thus it is a “laboratory” for volcanic, seismic and hidrogeological risk assessment, from wich to draw lessons for integrated planning of pleasant places in risk areas.

Description: Published

Description: Bologna

Description: 6V. Pericolosità vulcanica e contributi alla stima del rischio