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  • 1
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    Usefulness of LANDSAT data for monitoring plant development and range conditions in California's annual grassland (1977)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-08-17
    Description: A network of sampling sites throughout the annual grassland region was established to correlate plant growth in stages and forage production to climatic and other environmental factors. Plant growth and range conditions were further related to geographic location and seasonal variations. A sequence of LANDSAT data was obtained covering critical periods in the growth cycle. Data were analyzed by both photointerpretation and computer aided techniques. Image characteristics and spectral reflectance data were then related to forage production, range condition, range site, and changing growth conditions.
    Keywords: EARTH RESOURCES AND REMOTE SENSING
    Type: NASA. John F. Kennedy Space Center Remote Sensing and the Earth; p 77-101
    Format: text
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 2
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    Characterization of LANDSAT-4 TM and MSS Image Quality for Interpretation of Agricultural and Forest Resources (1984)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2014-09-27
    Description: Systematic analysis of both image and numeric data shows that the overall spectral, spatial, and radiometric quality of the TM data are excellent. Spectral variations in fallow fields are due to the vaiability in soil moisture and surface roughness resulting from the various stages of field preparation for small grains production. Spectrally, the addition of the first TM short wave infrared band (Band 5) significantly enhanced ability to discriminate different crop types. Bands 1, 5, and 6 contain saturated pixels due to high albedo effects, low moisture conditions, and high radiant temperatures of granite and dry, bare soil on south facing slopes, respectively. Spatially, the two fold decrease in interpixel distance and four fold decrease in area per pixel between the TM and MSS allow for improved discrimination of small fields, boundary conditions, road and stream networks in rough terrain, and small forest clearings resulting from various forest management practices.
    Keywords: EARTH RESOURCES AND REMOTE SENSING
    Type: NASA. Goddard Space Flight Center LANDSAT-4 Sci. Invest. Summ., Including Dec. 1983 Workshop Results, Vol. 2; p 98-102
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  • 3
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    Interpretation of Landsat-4 Thematic Mapper and Multispectral Scanner data for forest surveys (1985)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-28
    Description: Landsat-4 Thematic Mapper (TM) and Multispectral Scanner (MSS) data were evaluated by interpreting film and digital products and statistical data for selected forest cover types in California. Significant results were: (1) TM color image products should contain a spectral band in the visible (bands 1, 2, or 3), near infrared (band 4), and middle infrared (band 5) regions for maximizing the interpretability of vegetation types; (2) TM color composites should contain band 4 in all cases even at the expense of excluding band 5; and (3) MSS color composites were more interpretable than all TM color composites for certain cover types and for all cover types when band 4 was excluded from the TM composite.
    Keywords: EARTH RESOURCES AND REMOTE SENSING
    Type: Photogrammetric Engineering and Remote Sensing (ISSN 0099-1112); 51; 1281-128
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  • 4
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    Characterization of LANDSAT-4 TM and MSS Image Quality for the Interpretation of California's Agricultural Resources (1985)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-28
    Description: The quality of LANDSAT-4 MSS and TM data was determined by analyzing TM spectral and spatial performance in terms of spectral variability of natural targets and the TM-ground instantaneous field-of-view (IFOV) variability in level and mountainous terrain; and by assessing the suitability of TM and MSS image products for characterizing renewable resourse features. The TM data should be extremelly valuable for crop type and area proportion estimation; undating agricultural land use survey maps at 1:24,000 scale and smaller, field boundary definition; and determining the size and location of individual farmsteads. Ongoing research activities are focused on making spectral and spatial analyses of both MSS and TM analytical film products. The improved spectral, spatial, and radiometric quality of the TM data, should promote a renewed emphasis and interest in direct visual interpretation of these image products, both for updating and improving land stratification in support of resource inventory and for enhancing the image analyst's contribution to computer-assisted analysis procedures.
    Keywords: EARTH RESOURCES AND REMOTE SENSING
    Type: NASA. Goddard Space Flight Center LANDSAT-4 Sci. Characterization Early Results, Vol. 4; p 91-118
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  • 5
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    Monitoring California's forage resource using ERTS-1 and supporting aircraft data (1973)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-27
    Description: NASA's Earth Resource Technology Satellite (ERTS-1) launched July 23, 1972, offers for the first time the unique capabilities for regional monitoring of forage plant conditions. The repetitive coverage every 18 days, the synoptic view and the real-time recovery of the imagery for immediate analysis, combine to make the ERTS satellite a valuable tool for improving the evaluation of our rangeland resources. Studies presently underway at the University of California, Berkeley (sponsored jointly by NASA and the Bureau of Land Management), seek to determine if imagery obtained from high altitude aircraft and spacecraft (ERTS) can provide: (1) a means for monitoring the growth and development of annual and perennial range plants in California, and for determining the time and the rate of initial plant growth (germination) and terminal plant growth (maturation and senescence); (2) a means for determining or predicting the relative amount of forage that is produced; and (3) a means for mapping rangeland areas having different forage producing capabilities.
    Keywords: GEOPHYSICS
    Type: PAPER-A11 , NASA. Goddard Space Flight Center Symp. on Significant Results obtained from the ERTS-1, Vol. 1, Sect. A and B; p 91-95
    Format: application/pdf
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  • 6
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    Usefulness of LANDSAT data for monitoring plant development and range conditions in California's annual grassland (1975)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-27
    Description: A network of sampling sites throughout the annual grassland region of California was established to correlate plant growth stages and forage production to climatic and other environmental factors. Plant growth and range conditions were further related to geographic location and seasonal variations. A sequence of LANDSAT data was obtained covering critical periods in the growth cycle. This was analyzed by both photointerpretation and computer aided techniques. Image characteristics and spectral reflectance data were then related to forage production, range condition, range site and changing growth conditions. It was determined that repeat sequences with LANDSAT color composite images do provide a means for monitoring changes in range condition. Spectral radiance data obtained from magnetic tape can be used to determine quantitatively the critical stages in the forage growth cycle. A computer ratioing technique provided a sensitive indicator of changes in growth stages and an indication of the relative differences in forage production between range sites.
    Keywords: EARTH RESOURCES AND REMOTE SENSING
    Type: A-3 , NASA. Lyndon B. Johnson Space Center. NASA Earth Resources Survey Symp. Vol. 1-A: Agr., Environment; p 19-41
    Format: application/pdf
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  • 7
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    The usefullness of ERTS-1 and supporting aircraft data for monitoring plant development in rangeland environments (1972)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-13
    Description: The author has identified the following significant results. Preliminary analysis of ERTS-1 MSS imagery of annual and perennial rangeland in California yields the following observations: (1) Sufficient geomorphological detail can be resolved to differentiate upland and bottomland range sites in the foothill range areas. (2) Dry and green meadowland can be differentiated on MSS band 5. (3) Color composites prepared by NASA-Goddard were useful for locating perennial rangeland with varying amounts of herbaceous ground cover. (4) The ERTS-1 images received and interpreted cover nearly 50% of the state of California and show nearly two-thirds of the annual grassland type. (5) Satellite imagery obtained during the late summer season should be optimum for differentiating grassland from brushland and forested land. (6) The ERTS-1 imagery clearly shows areas which at one time were part of the annual grassland but which are now used for dry land farming (cropping of cereal grains). Similarly, the imagery show areas which have been converted from brushland to grassland.
    Keywords: GEOPHYSICS
    Type: E72-10263 , NASA-CR-129225 , Symp. on Remote Sensing of Environment; Oct 06, 1972; Ann Arbor, MI; United States
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  • 8
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    Evoluation of Landsat-4 image quality for the interpretation of forest, agricultural and soil resources (1984)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-28
    Description: Landsat-4 Multispectral Scanner (MSS) and Thematic Mapper (TM) sensor performance is being evaluated through the analysis of images generated by computer-compatible tape data and commercially available film products. Natural targets are used to evaluate spectral variability, spatial resolution, radiometric sensitivity, and geometric fidelity. Spectral characteristics are being evaluated through the interpretation of the image tone and texture variability of known features, while spatial characteristics are evaluated through lineal and areal estimates of similar features and the plotting and analysis of residual errors derived from regressions between relative image coordinates and map coordinates.
    Keywords: EARTH RESOURCES AND REMOTE SENSING
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  • 9
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    Remote sensing research for agricultural applications (1984)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-13
    Description: Materials and methods used to characterize selected soil properties and agricultural crops in San Joaquin County, California are described. Results show that: (1) the location and widths of TM bands are suitable for detecting differences in selected soil properties; (2) the number of TM spectral bands allows the quantification of soil spectral curve form and magnitude; and (3) the spatial and geometric quality of TM data allows for the discrimination and quantification of within field variability of soil properties. The design of the LANDSAT based multiple crop acreage estimation experiment for the Idaho Department of Water Resources is described including the use of U.C. Berkeley's Survey Modeling Planning Model. Progress made on Peditor software development on MIDAS, and cooperative computing using local and remote systems is reported as well as development of MIDAS microcomputer systems.
    Keywords: EARTH RESOURCES AND REMOTE SENSING
    Type: E85-10090 , NASA-CR-175525 , NAS 1.26:175525
    Format: application/pdf
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