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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Dieldrin poisoning of chickens during severe dietary restriction (1971)
    Springer
    Bulletin of environmental contamination and toxicology 5 (1971), S. 493-501 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0800
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering , Medicine
    Notes: Summary Two experiments were conducted to establish the effect of dieldrin on survival of chickens during severe dietary restriction. White Leghorn hens were fed rations containing 0, 1, 5, 10, and 20 ppm of dieldrin for 12 weeks. At this time, dieldrin had accumulated in the body fat in direct proportion to the amount fed. During subsequent feed restriction, survival of hens fed 10 or 20 ppm dieldrin was significantly shorter than that of hens fed 0, 1, or 5 ppm dieldrin. Dieldrin concentration in blood declined during the first and second weeks following feed removal, then it increased. Blood sampling was terminated at the end of 4 weeks because nearly all hens had died, but dieldrin concentration in the blood had not increased appreciably over the concentration observed in blood at the time that feed was removed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01539977
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Dieldrin accumulation and excretion by rats fed phenobarbital and carbon (1971)
    Springer
    Bulletin of environmental contamination and toxicology 6 (1971), S. 391-400 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0800
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering , Medicine
    Notes: Summary Activated charcoal and phenobarbital have both been proposed as agents for reducing accumulations of dieldrin in the body. Rats maintained on diets containing 2 ppm dieldrin spiked with dieldrin-14c were fed 0 and 1 g charcoal and 0, 40, and 80 mg phenobarbital per kg body weight in 2×3 factorial experiments. Measurements were made of the carbon-14 accumulated in the carcasses and excreted in the feces and urine. In one experiment, charcoal effectively reduced dieldrin storage in tissues when fed simultaneously with the pesticide; but, in another experiment, it was ineffective in reducing dieldrin residues when fed after storage of the pesticide had occurred and dieldrin feeding was stopped. Phenobarbital, a potent inducer of drugmetabolizing enzymes in the liver, dramatically reduced dieldrin storage whether fed simultaneously with dieldrin or following dieldrin accumulation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01684358
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Dieldrin and p,p′—DDT effects on egg production and eggshell thickness of chickens (1972)
    Springer
    Bulletin of environmental contamination and toxicology 7 (1972), S. 9-18 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0800
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering , Medicine
    Notes: Summary Sixty Leghorn hens were randomly divided into 5 groups of 12 and individually fed a control diet, or diets containing 10 and 20 ppm dieldrin, or diets containing 100 and 200 ppm p,p′-DDT for a 12-week period. Average egg production per bird, egg weight, dry shell weight, shell thickness (not including membranes), and shell calcium were not affected by feeding the insecticides. In addition, the length of the clutch or the number of clutches during the 12-week period were not affected. However, egg weight increased with time during the experiment, and eggshell thickness decreased with successive eggs within a clutch.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01709169
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Dieldrin-14C balance in rats, sheep and chickens (1973)
    Springer
    Bulletin of environmental contamination and toxicology 10 (1973), S. 16-24 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0800
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering , Medicine
    Notes: Summary Experiments were conducted with rats, sheep and chickens to determine whether or not excretion of carbon-14 from dieldrin-14C would balance ingestion of dieldrin-14C when ingestion remained constant. The data suggest that rats of either sex attained balance by 6 weeks regardless of the amount of dieldrin fed; that roosters attained balance by 22 or 26 weeks, depending on the amount of dieldrin fed; and that hens apparently attained balance by 25 weeks regardless of the amount of dieldrin fed. The data obtained with sheep were inconclusive.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01684749
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Methoxychlor effects on hepatic storage of vitamin A in rats (1976)
    Springer
    Bulletin of environmental contamination and toxicology 16 (1976), S. 145-148 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0800
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering , Medicine
    Notes: Summary Sixty Sprague-Dawley rats were fed diets containing 0, 10, 100, 1,000, and 10,000 ppm of methoxychlor for 16 weeks underad libitum- and restricted-feeding regimens. Methoxychlor at 10,000 ppm was lethal to some rats, reduced food consumption and growth, and increased liver weight relative to body weight. Methoxychlor at 1,000 ppm reduced food consumption and growth of rats fedad libitum but did not reduce growth of restricted-fed rats. Reduced hepatic storage of vitamin A was detectable when methoxychlor was fed at levels of 100 ppm or higher.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01685220
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Dieldrin and DDT effects on reproduction and some hepatic mixed-function oxidases in the mallard duck (1974)
    Springer
    Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology 2 (1974), S. 302-314 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0703
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Mallard ducks were fed 2, 20, or 200 ppm of technical DDT or chemically purep,p′-DDT, or 1, 5, or 10 ppm of dieldrin for 343 days, which included parts of two laying seasons. All 18 ducks fed 200 ppm ofp,p′-DDT and 17 of 18 ducks fed 200 ppm of technical DDT died during the experiment. The insecticides did not affect fertility or hatchability significantly. Tremors were exhibited by hatchlings from eggs laid during the second laying season by ducks fed ten ppm of dieldrin and from the one remaining duck fed 200 ppm of technical DDT. Liver weights or hepatic microsomal aniline hydroxylase and aminopyrineN-demethylase activities were not significantly affected in either ducklings or adults by the insecticides. Cytochrome P450 concentration in hepatic microsomes of ducklings was increased significantly by feeding 200 ppm of DDT or ten ppm of dieldrin. Pesticide residues in eggs were variable but were higher the second season than the first and were dose dependent.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02047096
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    p,p′-DDT andp,p′-DDE effects on egg production, eggshell thickness, and reproduction of japanese quail (1976)
    Springer
    Bulletin of environmental contamination and toxicology 15 (1976), S. 265-270 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0800
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering , Medicine
    Notes: Summary p,p′-DDT and p,p′-DDE were investigated for effects on egg production and eggshell thickness in Japanese quail. p,p′-DDT was examined for effects on hatchability and fertility. DDE was tested at 0, 2, 10, 40, and 200 ppm in the diet. No evidence suggested that DDE affected number of eggs laid, egg weight, or eggshell thickness at any level of DDE tested. DDT was tested at 1, 2.5, 10, and 40 ppm in the diet. In one experiment, quail fed DDT at 40 ppm and caged in male-female pairs broke more eggs than quail caged similarly but fed lower amounts of DDT or than quail fed an equal amount of DDT but caged alone. DDT did not detectably reduce eggshell thickness, number of eggs laid, fertility, or hatchability. However, paired quail laid fewer eggs than did single quail in two experiments and laid eggs with thinner shells in one experiment.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01812634
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    DDT thins shells of eggs from mallard ducks maintained onad libitum or controlled-feeding regimens (1974)
    Springer
    Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology 2 (1974), S. 222-232 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0703
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Mallard ducks were fed diets containing various levels of technical DDT or chemically purep,p'-DDT, or dieldrin. Either technical DDT orp,p'-DDT at 20 ppm or greater, or dieldrin at 10 ppm caused a statistically significant reduction in eggshell thickness, weight, and calcium. Shells of eggs from ducks fed 40 ppm ofp,p'-DDT were about 20% thinner than those from control ducks, and shells of eggs from ducks fed 10 ppm of dieldrin were about 6% thinner than those from controls. The reduction in eggshell thickness was linear with increasing dose of DDT to 40 ppm, and with increasing dose of dieldrin through all levels studies. Eggshell thinning occurred regardless of whether the diets containing DDT were fed underad libitum or controlled conditions. DDT fed at 200 ppm was lethal to the ducks. Neither DDT nor dieldrin affected weight of the eggs or rate of egg production.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01956171
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Mirex-induced hepatic changes in chickens, Japanese quail, and rats (1976)
    Springer
    Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology 4 (1976), S. 469-482 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0703
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Mirex1 was fed in the diet to chickens at 0 to 160 ppm for 12 and 16 weeks, to Japanese quail at 0 to 80 ppm for 12 weeks, and to rats at 0 to 100 ppm for 2 and 4 weeks. Mirex did not affect the concentration of protein or cytochrome P450 in hepatic microsomes of chickens or Japanese quail, nor did it affect hydroxylation of aniline or demethylation of aminopyrine. However, structural changes were apparent in livers of chickens fed mirex at 10 ppm and above and included regions of necrosis and nonspecific cellular aberrations and alterations of sinusoids and bile canaliculi. Mirex caused liver enlargement in rats and increased microsomal protein and cytochrome P450 but did not affect hydroxylation of aniline or demethylation of aminopyrine. Hepatic structural changes in rats that were associated with mirex included proliferation of smooth endoplasmic reticulum and degeneration of some bile canaliculi.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02221043
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Dieldrin-14C elimination from turkeys (1978)
    Springer
    Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology 7 (1978), S. 245-255 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0703
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract A series of experiments were conducted to find ways of removing dieldrin residues from tissues of broiler-type turkeys(Meleagris gallopavo). The turkeys were contaminated with dieldrin and dieldrin-14C by oral dosing. Elimination was measured by assaying for14C in the droppings. Carcass retention was measured by assaying the tissue for14C, and in one experiment, dieldrin residues were measured by electron capture gas-liquid chromatography. Charcoal, Colestipol, and cholestyramine at dosages approximately equal to an intake of 5% of the diet were ineffective gastrointestinal adsorbants for removing dieldrin residues from the turkeys. Starvation accelerated the elimination of dieldrin from the turkeys, but only if the body lipids were reduced to approximately 10% or less of the carcass dry matter.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02332053
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