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  • 1
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    On the origin of multi-component bulk metallic glasses: Atomic size mismatches and de-mixing (2015)
    American Institute of Physics (AIP)
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    Publication Date: 2015-08-04
    Description: The likelihood that an undercooled liquid vitrifies or crystallizes depends on the cooling rate . The critical cooling rate , below which the liquid crystallizes upon cooling, characterizes the glass-forming ability (GFA) of the system. While pure metals are typically poor glass formers with , specific multi-component alloys can form bulk metallic glasses (BMGs) even at cooling rates below . Conventional wisdom asserts that metal alloys with three or more components are better glass formers (with smaller ) than binary alloys. However, there is currently no theoretical framework that provides quantitative predictions for for multi-component alloys. In this manuscript, we perform simulations of ternary hard-sphere systems, which have been shown to be accurate models for the glass-forming ability of BMGs, to understand the roles of geometric frustration and demixing in determining . Specifically, we compress ternary hard sphere mixtures into jammed packings and measure the critical compression rate, below which the system crystallizes, as a function of the diameter ratios σ B / σ A and σ C / σ A and number fractions x A , x B , and x C . We find two distinct regimes for the GFA in parameter space for ternary hard spheres. When the diameter ratios are close to 1, such that the largest ( A ) and smallest ( C ) species are well-mixed, the GFA of ternary systems is no better than that of the optimal binary glass former. However, when σ C / σ A ≲ 0.8 is below the demixing threshold for binary systems, adding a third component B with σ C 〈 σ B 〈 σ A increases the GFA of the system by preventing demixing of A and C . Analysis of the available data from experimental studies indicates that most ternary BMGs are below the binary demixing threshold with σ C / σ A 〈 0.8. R R c R c 〉 1 0 12 K/s R ∼ 1 K / s R c R c R c
    Print ISSN: 0021-9606
    Electronic ISSN: 1089-7690
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Published by American Institute of Physics (AIP)
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  • 2
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    Onset and cessation of motion in hydrodynamically sheared granular beds (2015)
    American Physical Society (APS)
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    Publication Date: 2015-10-17
    Description: Author(s): Abram H. Clark, Mark D. Shattuck, Nicholas T. Ouellette, and Corey S. O'Hern We performed molecular dynamics simulations of granular beds driven by a model hydrodynamic shear flow to elucidate general grain-scale mechanisms that determine the onset and cessation of sediment transport. By varying the Shields number (the nondimensional shear stress at the top of the bed) and p… [Phys. Rev. E 92, 042202] Published Fri Oct 16, 2015
    Keywords: Granular Materials
    Print ISSN: 1539-3755
    Electronic ISSN: 1550-2376
    Topics: Physics
    Published by American Physical Society (APS)
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  • 3
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    Calculations of the structure of basin volumes for mechanically stable packings (2012)
    American Physical Society (APS)
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    Publication Date: 2012-06-20
    Description: Author(s): S. S. Ashwin, Jerzy Blawzdziewicz, Corey S. O'Hern, and Mark D. Shattuck Experimental and computational model systems composed of frictionless particles in a fixed geometry have a finite number of distinct mechanically stable (MS) packings. The frequency of occurrence for each MS packing is highly variable and depends strongly on preparation protocol. Despite intense wor... [Phys. Rev. E 85, 061307] Published Tue Jun 19, 2012
    Keywords: Granular materials
    Print ISSN: 1539-3755
    Electronic ISSN: 1550-2376
    Topics: Physics
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  • 4
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    Contact percolation transition in athermal particulate systems (2012)
    American Physical Society (APS)
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    Publication Date: 2012-01-28
    Description: Author(s): Tianqi Shen, Corey S. O'Hern, and M. D. Shattuck Typical quasistatic compression algorithms for generating jammed packings of purely repulsive, frictionless particles begin with dilute configurations and then apply successive compressions with the relaxation of the elastic energy allowed between each compression step. It is well known that during ... [Phys. Rev. E 85, 011308] Published Fri Jan 27, 2012
    Keywords: Granular materials
    Print ISSN: 1539-3755
    Electronic ISSN: 1550-2376
    Topics: Physics
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  • 5
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    Connection between the packing efficiency of binary hard spheres and the glass-forming ability of bulk metallic glasses (2014)
    American Physical Society (APS)
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    Publication Date: 2014-09-30
    Description: Author(s): Kai Zhang, W. Wendell Smith, Minglei Wang, Yanhui Liu, Jan Schroers, Mark D. Shattuck, and Corey S. O'Hern We perform molecular dynamics simulations to compress binary hard spheres into jammed packings as a function of the compression rate R, size ratio α, and number fraction xS of small particles to determine the connection between the glass-forming ability (GFA) and packing efficiency in bulk metallic ... [Phys. Rev. E 90, 032311] Published Mon Sep 29, 2014
    Keywords: Colloids and Complex Fluids
    Print ISSN: 1539-3755
    Electronic ISSN: 1550-2376
    Topics: Physics
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  • 6
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    The glass-forming ability of model metal-metalloid alloys (2015)
    American Institute of Physics (AIP)
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    Publication Date: 2015-03-11
    Description: Bulk metallic glasses (BMGs) are amorphous alloys with desirable mechanical properties and processing capabilities. To date, the design of new BMGs has largely employed empirical rules and trial-and-error experimental approaches. Ab initio computational methods are currently prohibitively slow to be practically used in searching the vast space of possible atomic combinations for bulk glass formers. Here, we perform molecular dynamics simulations of a coarse-grained, anisotropic potential, which mimics interatomic covalent bonding, to measure the critical cooling rates for metal-metalloid alloys as a function of the atomic size ratio σ S / σ L and number fraction x S of the metalloid species. We show that the regime in the space of σ S / σ L and x S where well-mixed, optimal glass formers occur for patchy and LJ particle mixtures, coincides with that for experimentally observed metal-metalloid glass formers. Thus, our simple computational model provides the capability to perform combinatorial searches to identify novel glass-forming alloys.
    Print ISSN: 0021-9606
    Electronic ISSN: 1089-7690
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Published by American Institute of Physics (AIP)
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  • 7
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    Repulsive Contact Interactions Make Jammed Particulate Systems Inherently Nonharmonic (2011)
    American Physical Society (APS)
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    Publication Date: 2011-08-13
    Description: Author(s): Carl F. Schreck, Thibault Bertrand, Corey S. O’Hern, and M. D. Shattuck Many jammed particulate systems, such as granular and colloidal materials, interact via repulsive contact forces. We find that these systems possess no harmonic regime in the large system limit ( N →∞ ) for all compressions Δ ϕ studied, and at jamming onset Δ ϕ →0 for all N . We perform fixed energy simula... [Phys. Rev. Lett. 107, 078301] Published Fri Aug 12, 2011
    Keywords: Soft Matter, Biological, and Interdisciplinary Physics
    Print ISSN: 0031-9007
    Electronic ISSN: 1079-7114
    Topics: Physics
    Published by American Physical Society (APS)
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  • 8
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    Statistics of Frictional Families (2014)
    American Physical Society (APS)
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    Publication Date: 2014-09-16
    Description: Author(s): Tianqi Shen, Stefanos Papanikolaou, Corey S. O’Hern, and Mark D. Shattuck We develop a theoretical description for mechanically stable frictional packings in terms of the difference between the total number of contacts required for isostatic packings of frictionless disks and the number of contacts in frictional packings, m=Nc0-Nc. The saddle order m represents the number... [Phys. Rev. Lett. 113, 128302] Published Mon Sep 15, 2014
    Keywords: Polymer, Soft Matter, Biological, and Interdisciplinary Physics
    Print ISSN: 0031-9007
    Electronic ISSN: 1079-7114
    Topics: Physics
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  • 9
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    Stress anisotropy in shear-jammed packings of frictionless disks (2018)
    American Physical Society (APS)
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    Publication Date: 2018-10-16
    Description: Author(s): Sheng Chen, Thibault Bertrand, Weiwei Jin, Mark D. Shattuck, and Corey S. O'Hern We perform computational studies of repulsive, frictionless disks to investigate the development of stress anisotropy in mechanically stable (MS) packings at jamming onset. We focus on two protocols for generating MS packings at jamming onset: (1) isotropic compression and (2) applied simple or pure... [Phys. Rev. E 98, 042906] Published Mon Oct 15, 2018
    Keywords: Granular Materials
    Print ISSN: 1539-3755
    Electronic ISSN: 1550-2376
    Topics: Physics
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  • 10
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    Mutations in a human ROBO gene disrupt hindbrain axon pathway crossing and morphogenesis (2004)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2004-04-24
    Description: The mechanisms controlling axon guidance are of fundamental importance in understanding brain development. Growing corticospinal and somatosensory axons cross the midline in the medulla to reach their targets and thus form the basis of contralateral motor control and sensory input. The motor and sensory projections appeared uncrossed in patients with horizontal gaze palsy with progressive scoliosis (HGPPS). In patients affected with HGPPS, we identified mutations in the ROBO3 gene, which shares homology with roundabout genes important in axon guidance in developing Drosophila, zebrafish, and mouse. Like its murine homolog Rig1/Robo3, but unlike other Robo proteins, ROBO3 is required for hindbrain axon midline crossing.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1618874/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1618874/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Jen, Joanna C -- Chan, Wai-Man -- Bosley, Thomas M -- Wan, Jijun -- Carr, Janai R -- Rub, Udo -- Shattuck, David -- Salamon, Georges -- Kudo, Lili C -- Ou, Jing -- Lin, Doris D M -- Salih, Mustafa A M -- Kansu, Tulay -- Al Dhalaan, Hesham -- Al Zayed, Zayed -- MacDonald, David B -- Stigsby, Bent -- Plaitakis, Andreas -- Dretakis, Emmanuel K -- Gottlob, Irene -- Pieh, Christina -- Traboulsi, Elias I -- Wang, Qing -- Wang, Lejin -- Andrews, Caroline -- Yamada, Koki -- Demer, Joseph L -- Karim, Shaheen -- Alger, Jeffry R -- Geschwind, Daniel H -- Deller, Thomas -- Sicotte, Nancy L -- Nelson, Stanley F -- Baloh, Robert W -- Engle, Elizabeth C -- DC00162/DC/NIDCD NIH HHS/ -- DC05524/DC/NIDCD NIH HHS/ -- EY12498/EY/NEI NIH HHS/ -- EY13583/EY/NEI NIH HHS/ -- EY15298/EY/NEI NIH HHS/ -- EY15311/EY/NEI NIH HHS/ -- MH60233/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/ -- P30 HD 18655/HD/NICHD NIH HHS/ -- R01 EY008313/EY/NEI NIH HHS/ -- R01 EY008313-14/EY/NEI NIH HHS/ -- R01 HL066251/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2004 Jun 4;304(5676):1509-13. Epub 2004 Apr 22.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Neurology, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA. jjen@ucla.edu〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15105459" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adult ; Alternative Splicing ; Amino Acid Motifs ; Amino Acid Sequence ; Axons/*physiology ; Evoked Potentials, Motor ; Evoked Potentials, Somatosensory ; Female ; Functional Laterality ; Genetic Linkage ; Humans ; In Situ Hybridization ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Male ; Medulla Oblongata/growth & development/pathology ; Microsatellite Repeats ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Morphogenesis ; Mutation ; Neural Pathways ; Ophthalmoplegia/*genetics/pathology/physiopathology ; Pedigree ; Protein Structure, Tertiary ; Receptors, Immunologic/chemistry/*genetics/*metabolism ; Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Rhombencephalon/*growth & development/pathology ; Scoliosis/*genetics/pathology/physiopathology ; Sequence Analysis, DNA ; Syndrome
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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