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  • 1
    Publication Date: 2012-07-22
    Description: Cataloging the association of transcripts to genetic variants in recent years holds the promise for functional dissection of regulatory structure of human transcription. Here, we present a novel approach, which aims at elucidating the joint relationships between transcripts and single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs). This entails detection and analysis of modules of transcripts, each weakly associated to a single genetic variant, together exposing a high-confidence association signal between the module and this ‘main’ SNP. To explore how transcripts in a module are related to causative loci for that module, we represent such dependencies by a graphical model. We applied our method to the existing data on genetics of gene expression in the liver. The modules are significantly more, larger and denser than found in permuted data. Quantification of the confidence in a module as a likelihood score, allows us to detect transcripts that do not reach genome-wide significance level. Topological analysis of each module identifies novel insights regarding the flow of causality between the main SNP and transcripts. We observe similar annotations of modules from two sources of information: the enrichment of a module in gene subsets and locus annotation of the genetic variants. This and further phenotypic analysis provide a validation for our methodology.
    Keywords: Computational Methods
    Print ISSN: 0305-1048
    Electronic ISSN: 1362-4962
    Topics: Biology
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  • 2
    Publication Date: 2011-09-28
    Description: Cell death is a complex process that plays a vital role in development, homeostasis, and disease. Our understanding of and ability to control cell death is impeded by an incomplete characterization of the full range of cell death processes that occur in mammalian systems, especially in response to exogenous perturbations. We present here a general approach to address this problem, which we call modulatory profiling. Modulatory profiles are composed of the changes in potency and efficacy of lethal compounds produced by a second cell death-modulating agent in human cell lines. We show that compounds with the same characterized mechanism of action have similar modulatory profiles. Furthermore, clustering of modulatory profiles revealed relationships not evident when clustering lethal compounds based on gene expression profiles alone. Finally, modulatory profiling of compounds correctly predicted three previously uncharacterized compounds to be microtubule-destabilizing agents, classified numerous compounds that act nonspecifically, and identified compounds that cause cell death through a mechanism that is morphologically and biochemically distinct from previously established ones.
    Print ISSN: 0027-8424
    Electronic ISSN: 1091-6490
    Topics: Biology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General
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  • 3
    Publication Date: 2015-02-18
    Description: Despite recent advances in single-cell genomic, transcriptional, and mass-cytometric profiling, it remains a challenge to collect highly multiplexed measurements of secreted proteins from single cells for comprehensive analysis of functional states. Herein, we combine spatial and spectral encoding with polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) microchambers for codetection of 42 immune effector proteins secreted...
    Print ISSN: 0027-8424
    Electronic ISSN: 1091-6490
    Topics: Biology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General
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  • 4
    Publication Date: 2005-04-23
    Description: Machine learning was applied for the automated derivation of causal influences in cellular signaling networks. This derivation relied on the simultaneous measurement of multiple phosphorylated protein and phospholipid components in thousands of individual primary human immune system cells. Perturbing these cells with molecular interventions drove the ordering of connections between pathway components, wherein Bayesian network computational methods automatically elucidated most of the traditionally reported signaling relationships and predicted novel interpathway network causalities, which we verified experimentally. Reconstruction of network models from physiologically relevant primary single cells might be applied to understanding native-state tissue signaling biology, complex drug actions, and dysfunctional signaling in diseased cells.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Sachs, Karen -- Perez, Omar -- Pe'er, Dana -- Lauffenburger, Douglas A -- Nolan, Garry P -- AI35304/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- P01-AI39646/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2005 Apr 22;308(5721):523-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Biological Engineering Division, Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15845847" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Algorithms ; Artificial Intelligence ; *Bayes Theorem ; CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes/*metabolism ; Cyclic AMP-Dependent Protein Kinases/metabolism ; Extracellular Signal-Regulated MAP Kinases/metabolism ; Flow Cytometry ; Humans ; Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins/*metabolism ; Mathematics ; *Models, Biological ; Phospholipids/metabolism ; Phosphoproteins/metabolism ; Phosphorylation ; Protein Kinase C/metabolism ; Protein-Serine-Threonine Kinases/metabolism ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins/metabolism ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt ; RNA, Small Interfering ; *Signal Transduction
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 5
    Publication Date: 2011-05-10
    Description: Flow cytometry is an essential tool for dissecting the functional complexity of hematopoiesis. We used single-cell "mass cytometry" to examine healthy human bone marrow, measuring 34 parameters simultaneously in single cells (binding of 31 antibodies, viability, DNA content, and relative cell size). The signaling behavior of cell subsets spanning a defined hematopoietic hierarchy was monitored with 18 simultaneous markers of functional signaling states perturbed by a set of ex vivo stimuli and inhibitors. The data set allowed for an algorithmically driven assembly of related cell types defined by surface antigen expression, providing a superimposable map of cell signaling responses in combination with drug inhibition. Visualized in this manner, the analysis revealed previously unappreciated instances of both precise signaling responses that were bounded within conventionally defined cell subsets and more continuous phosphorylation responses that crossed cell population boundaries in unexpected manners yet tracked closely with cellular phenotype. Collectively, such single-cell analyses provide system-wide views of immune signaling in healthy human hematopoiesis, against which drug action and disease can be compared for mechanistic studies and pharmacologic intervention.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3273988/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3273988/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Bendall, Sean C -- Simonds, Erin F -- Qiu, Peng -- Amir, El-ad D -- Krutzik, Peter O -- Finck, Rachel -- Bruggner, Robert V -- Melamed, Rachel -- Trejo, Angelica -- Ornatsky, Olga I -- Balderas, Robert S -- Plevritis, Sylvia K -- Sachs, Karen -- Pe'er, Dana -- Tanner, Scott D -- Nolan, Garry P -- 1R01CA130826/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- 272200700038C/PHS HHS/ -- 5U54 CA143907/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- HHSN268201000034C/HV/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- N0I-HV-00242/HV/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- P01 CA034233/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- PN2 EY018228/EY/NEI NIH HHS/ -- R01 CA130826/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- R01 CA130826-04/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- RB2-01592/PHS HHS/ -- U19 AI057229/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- U54 CA149145/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2011 May 6;332(6030):687-96. doi: 10.1126/science.1198704.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Baxter Laboratory in Stem Cell Biology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21551058" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Algorithms ; Antibodies ; Antigens, Surface/analysis ; B-Lymphocytes/drug effects/immunology/metabolism ; Bone Marrow Cells/cytology/*drug effects/*immunology/metabolism ; Cytokines/metabolism ; Dasatinib ; Flow Cytometry/*methods ; Hematopoiesis ; Humans ; Immunophenotyping ; Lanthanoid Series Elements ; Leukocytes, Mononuclear/drug effects/immunology/metabolism ; Lymphocyte Activation ; Lymphocyte Subsets/*drug effects/*immunology/metabolism ; Mass Spectrometry ; Phosphorylation ; Protein Kinase Inhibitors/pharmacology ; Protein-Tyrosine Kinases/antagonists & inhibitors ; Pyrimidines/*pharmacology ; *Signal Transduction/drug effects ; Single-Cell Analysis/*methods ; T-Lymphocytes/drug effects/immunology/metabolism ; Thiazoles/*pharmacology ; Transition Elements
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 6
    Publication Date: 2014-10-25
    Description: Cellular circuits sense the environment, process signals, and compute decisions using networks of interacting proteins. To model such a system, the abundance of each activated protein species can be described as a stochastic function of the abundance of other proteins. High-dimensional single-cell technologies, such as mass cytometry, offer an opportunity to characterize signaling circuit-wide. However, the challenge of developing and applying computational approaches to interpret such complex data remains. Here, we developed computational methods, based on established statistical concepts, to characterize signaling network relationships by quantifying the strengths of network edges and deriving signaling response functions. In comparing signaling between naive and antigen-exposed CD4(+) T lymphocytes, we find that although these two cell subtypes had similarly wired networks, naive cells transmitted more information along a key signaling cascade than did antigen-exposed cells. We validated our characterization on mice lacking the extracellular-regulated mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) ERK2, which showed stronger influence of pERK on pS6 (phosphorylated-ribosomal protein S6), in naive cells as compared with antigen-exposed cells, as predicted. We demonstrate that by using cell-to-cell variation inherent in single-cell data, we can derive response functions underlying molecular circuits and drive the understanding of how cells process signals.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4334155/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4334155/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Krishnaswamy, Smita -- Spitzer, Matthew H -- Mingueneau, Michael -- Bendall, Sean C -- Litvin, Oren -- Stone, Erica -- Pe'er, Dana -- Nolan, Garry P -- 1K01DK095008/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/ -- 1R01CA130826/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- 1U54CA121852-01A1/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- CA 09-011/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- HHSN268201000034C/HV/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- HHSN272200700038C/PHS HHS/ -- HV-10-05/HV/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- K01 DK095008/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/ -- P01 CA034233/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- R00 GM104148/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- R01 CA130826/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- S10RR027582-01/RR/NCRR NIH HHS/ -- U19 AI057229/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- U19 AI100627/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- U54 CA149145/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2014 Nov 28;346(6213):1250689. doi: 10.1126/science.1250689. Epub 2014 Oct 23.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Biological Sciences, Department of Systems Biology, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA. ; Baxter Laboratory in Stem Cell Biology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA. ; Division of Immunology, Department of Microbiology and Immunobiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA. ; Molecular Biology Section, Division of Biological Sciences, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA. ; Department of Biological Sciences, Department of Systems Biology, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA. dpeer@biology.columbia.edu.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25342659" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes/*immunology ; Computer Simulation ; Image Cytometry ; Male ; Mice ; Mice, Mutant Strains ; Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 1/genetics ; Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell/*metabolism ; Ribosomal Protein S6/metabolism ; Signal Transduction ; Single-Cell Analysis/*methods ; Systems Biology/*methods ; eIF-2 Kinase/metabolism
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 7
    Publication Date: 2014-11-19
    Description: Signaling from the T-cell receptor (TCR) conditions T-cell differentiation and activation, requiring exquisite sensitivity and discrimination. Using mass cytometry, a high-dimensional technique that can probe multiple signaling nodes at the single-cell level, we interrogate TCR signaling dynamics in control C57BL/6 and autoimmunity-prone nonobese diabetic (NOD) mice, which show ineffective ERK...
    Print ISSN: 0027-8424
    Electronic ISSN: 1091-6490
    Topics: Biology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General
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  • 8
    Publication Date: 2002-07-01
    Print ISSN: 1367-4803
    Electronic ISSN: 1460-2059
    Topics: Biology , Computer Science , Medicine
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  • 9
    Publication Date: 2001-06-01
    Print ISSN: 1367-4803
    Electronic ISSN: 1460-2059
    Topics: Biology , Computer Science , Medicine
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  • 10
    Publication Date: 2005-04-19
    Print ISSN: 1945-0877
    Electronic ISSN: 1937-9145
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
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