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  • 1
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    Sustaining fisheries yields over evolutionary time scales (2002)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2002-07-06
    Description: Fishery management plans ignore the potential for evolutionary change in harvestable biomass. We subjected populations of an exploited fish (Menidia menidia) to large, small, or random size-selective harvest of adults over four generations. Harvested biomass evolved rapidly in directions counter to the size-dependent force of fishing mortality. Large-harvested populations initially produced the highest catch but quickly evolved a lower yield than controls. Small-harvested populations did the reverse. These shifts were caused by selection of genotypes with slower or faster rates of growth. Management tools that preserve natural genetic variation are necessary for long-term sustainable yield.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Conover, David O -- Munch, Stephan B -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2002 Jul 5;297(5578):94-6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Marine Sciences Research Center, State University of New York, Stony Brook, NY 11794-5000, USA. dconover@notes.cc.sunysb.edu〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12098697" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; *Biological Evolution ; Biomass ; Body Constitution ; Body Weight ; Conservation of Natural Resources ; *Fisheries ; Fishes/anatomy & histology/*genetics/*growth & development ; Genetic Variation ; Population Dynamics ; Regression Analysis ; *Selection, Genetic ; Time Factors
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 2
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    Evolution of a balanced sex ratio by frequency-dependent selection in a fish (1990)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1990-12-14
    Description: Balanced (1 to 1) sex ratios are thought to evolve by a process known as frequency- dependent selection of the minority sex. Five populations of a fish with genetically based variation in temperature-dependent sex determination were maintained for 5 to 6 years in artificial constant-temperature environments that initially caused the sex ratio to be highly skewed. Increases in the proportion of the minority sex occurred in subsequent generations until a balanced sex ratio was established, thus confirming a central premise underlying the theory of sex-ratio evolution.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Conover, D O -- Van Voorhees, D A -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1990 Dec 14;250(4987):1556-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17818284" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 3
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    Ecology. Ecosystem-based fishery management (2004)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2004-07-17
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Pikitch, E K -- Santora, C -- Babcock, E A -- Bakun, A -- Bonfil, R -- Conover, D O -- Dayton, P -- Doukakis, P -- Fluharty, D -- Heneman, B -- Houde, E D -- Link, J -- Livingston, P A -- Mangel, M -- McAllister, M K -- Pope, J -- Sainsbury, K J -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2004 Jul 16;305(5682):346-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Pew Institute for Ocean Science, Rosenstiel School of Marine and Atmospheric Science (RSMAS), University of Miami, New York, NY 10022, USA. epikitch@rsmas.miami.edu〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15256658" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Conservation of Natural Resources ; *Ecosystem ; Environment ; *Fisheries ; *Fishes ; United States
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 4
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    Environmental sex determination: interaction of temperature and genotype in a fish (1981)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1981-07-31
    Description: Sex determination in an atherinid fish, the Atlantic silverside (Menidia menidia), is under the control of both genotype and temperature during a specific period of larval development. The sex ratios of the progeny of different females are variable and differ in their responsiveness to temperature. This demonstrates that sex ratio in fishes that normally have separate sexes can be influenced by the environment.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Conover, D O -- Kynard, B E -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 Jul 31;213(4507):577-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17794845" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Seasonality and the scheduling of life history at different latitudes (1992)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of fish biology 41 (1992), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1095-8649
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: For many ectotherms, the annual cycle is partitioned into ‘growing’ (summer) and ‘non-growing’ (winter) seasons, and the lengths of these seasons are inversely related across a latitudinal gradient. This pattern of variation has the potential to affect diverse life-history traits profoundly. A key selective agent is size-dependent winter mortality which, with increasing latitude, places an increasing premium on attainment of large body size before the first winter of life. Winter body size is determined primarily by two factors: (1) birth date, which defines the beginning of the first growing season and (2) somatic growth rate within the first season. Using examples drawn from the Atlantic silverside, Menidia menidia (L.), and other fishes, I show how latitudinal variation in the scheduling of the spawning season, countergradient variation in the capacity for growth and reproduction, and mode of sex determination (environmental v. genetic) represent adaptations to seasonality.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1095-8649.1992.tb03876.x
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effects of temperature, salinity, and fish size on growth and consumption of juvenile bluefish (1995)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of fish biology 47 (1995), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1095-8649
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Consumption and growth rates of juvenile bluefish Pomatomus saltatrix increased with increasing temperature and decreased with increasing fish size in short-term (7 days) experiments. Salinity had no effect on growth or consumption rate in a short-term experiment. In a long-term (90 days) mesocosm experiment, consumption and growth rates declined with increasing body size. Predictive equations developed from short-term experiments did not adequately predict observed consumption rates in the mesocosm experiment. However, growth in the mesocosm experiment was similar to field growth. Also, mesocosm consumption rates and consumption rates calculated using field growth and mesocosm growth efficiencies were similar to published independent field estimates of consumption rate. Our results indicate that experiments to determine the effects of temperature and the allometry of body size on growth and consumption rates should be conducted over long time periods simulating field conditions. Juvenile bluefish have rapid growth and their individual cumulative consumption is large. This result suggests that bluefish may have a large effect on their prey populations. This effect has yet to be quantified.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1095-8649.1995.tb01935.x
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Adaptive variation in energy acquisition and allocation among latitudinal populations of the Atlantic silverside (2000)
    Springer
    Oecologia 122 (2000), S. 210-219 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1939
    Keywords: Key words Countergradient variation ; Fish ; Growth ; Life history ; Energetics
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract  Understanding the evolution of growth rate requires knowledge of the physiology of growth. This study explored the physiological basis of countergradient variation (CnGV) in somatic growth across latitudinal populations of the Atlantic silverside, Menidia menidia. Energetics of northern (Nova Scotia, Canada) and southern (South Carolina, USA) genotypes were compared across resource levels, temperatures, and fish sizes to identify trade-offs to rapid growth. Offered unlimited resources, genotypes differed in both energy acquisition and allocation. Food consumption, growth, and efficiency of northern genotypes were consistently higher than in southern genotypes, across temperatures and body sizes. Feeding metabolism (specific dynamic action; SDA) was proportional to meal size, differing between genotypes to the extent that food consumption differed. Given limited resources, northern and southern genotypes displayed similar growth, efficiency, routine activity, and SDA across temperatures and fish sizes. Routine metabolism was equal at 17°C and 22°C, yet was significantly higher in northern fish at 28°C. Growth rates in M. menidia do not appear to trade off across environments or body sizes, i.e., at no temperature, ration, or size do southern fish outgrow northern conspecifics. Nor does submaximal growth result from increased costs of maintenance, tissue synthesis, or routine activity. Based on our findings, we propose that CnGV consumption and growth in M. menidia likely result from trade-offs with other energetic components, namely sustained and burst swimming.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/PL00008848
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  • 8
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    Figure 4 of: Adaptation to climate change: contrasting patterns of reaction-norm-evolution in Pacific versus Atlantic silversides. (2011)
    Proceedings of the Royal Society:B
    In:  EPIC3London, Proceedings of the Royal Society:B
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-17
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Type: PANGAEA Documentation , notRev
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  • 9
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    Contrasting genomic shifts underlie parallel phenotypic evolution in response to fishing (2019)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    In: Science
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019
    Description: 〈p〉Humans cause widespread evolutionary change in nature, but we still know little about the genomic basis of rapid adaptation in the Anthropocene. We tracked genomic changes across all protein-coding genes in experimental fish populations that evolved pronounced shifts in growth rates due to size-selective harvest over only four generations. Comparisons of replicate lines show parallel allele frequency shifts that recapitulate responses to size-selection gradients in the wild across hundreds of unlinked variants concentrated in growth-related genes. However, a supercluster of genes also rose rapidly in frequency and dominated the evolutionary dynamic in one replicate line but not in others. Parallel phenotypic changes thus masked highly divergent genomic responses to selection, illustrating how contingent rapid adaptation can be in the face of strong human-induced selection.〈/p〉
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 10
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    Adaptive variation in energy acquisition and allocation among latitudinal populations of the Atlantic silverside (2000)
    Springer
    Details
    Publication Date: 2000-02-01
    Print ISSN: 0029-8549
    Electronic ISSN: 1432-1939
    Topics: Biology
    Published by Springer
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