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  • 1
    Publikationsdatum: 2013-08-31
    Beschreibung: When LDEF entered orbit its cleanliness was approximately a MIL-STD-1246B Level 2000C. Its burden of contaminants included particles from every part of its history including a relatively small contribution from the shuttle bay itself. Although this satellite was far from what is normally considered clean in the aerospace industry, contaminating events in orbit and from processing after recovery were easily detected. The molecular contaminants carried into orbit were dwarfed by the heavy deposition of UV polymerized films from outgassing urethane paints and silicone based materials. Impacts by relatively small objects in orbit could create particulate contaminants that easily dominated the particle counts within a centimeter of the impact site. During the recovery activities LDEF was 'sprayed' with a liquid high in organics and water soluble salts. With reentry turbulence, vibration, and gravitational loading particulate contaminants were redistributed about LDEF and the shuttle bay.
    Schlagwort(e): NONMETALLIC MATERIALS
    Materialart: NASA. Langley Research Center, LDEF Materials Workshop 1991, Part 1; p 95-114
    Format: application/pdf
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 2
    Publikationsdatum: 2019-01-25
    Beschreibung: Modification of surface texture for Ram Facing FEP Teflon on the Long Duration Exposure Facility (LDEF) satellite is documented. Photos of changes in surface texture if thermal blanket material with position on tray C-08 are presented. Infrared spectra and photographic documentation of molecular film deposits on LDEF surfaces by location is reported. Results of a survey of the functional groups and elemental composition of the brown film found widely distributed on the surface of LDEF is shown. A partial photographic catalog of LDEF particulate contaminants is included. A set of photos of particles collected or photographed in place on the surface of LDEF is shown. Particle counts and surface obscuration data for the LDEF satellite are reported. The surface data in tables and charts is presented for the LDEF satellite by location.
    Schlagwort(e): SPACECRAFT DESIGN, TESTING AND PERFORMANCE
    Materialart: NASA, Langley Research Center, First LDEF Post-Retrieval Symposium Abstracts; p 8
    Format: text
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 3
    Publikationsdatum: 2019-01-25
    Beschreibung: The migration of contaminants to and between Long Duration Exposure Facility (LDEF) surfaces reveals new information relevant to all future space missions. The surface of the LDEF satellite closely paralleled over seven meters of the shuttle during one launch and one reentry. Transfer of contaminants from the shuttle bay to the payload were documented and partially quantified for both the launch and recovery separately. LDEF carried a load of volatile silicones and hydrocarbons into orbit which were then polymerized by UV radiation into tough, dark brown stains on exposed surfaces. The distribution of these stains is providing new information on deposition mechanisms that should be studied on future missions. Electrostatic effects, diffusional flow, and effects due to small surface temperature differences at the time of UV exposure are suggested. The types of functional groups present in the LDEF deposit it nearly identical to stains recovered from other spacecraft. These stains were remarkably stable in low Earth orbit even with atomic oxygen exposure if the amount of silicones present was sufficient to create a sealing layer of silicon dioxide over the dark brown stain beneath.
    Schlagwort(e): SPACECRAFT DESIGN, TESTING AND PERFORMANCE
    Materialart: NASA, Langley Research Center, First LDEF Post-Retrieval Symposium Abstracts; p 7
    Format: text
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 4
    Publikationsdatum: 2019-01-25
    Beschreibung: Specimens of three selected organic/graphite fiber composite materials were flown on both the leading and trailing edges of LDEF. Additional sets of compression, tension, flexure, and lap shear specimens were flown on the trailing edge. A large T300/934 panel was flown on the leading edge. One quarter of this specimen was directly exposed to a near ram environment; each of the other three quarters were covered with a different thermal control paint. Results of mechanical, optical, and chemical analysis of the specimens are presented. Recession rates of the fiber and resin under atomic oxygen exposure were estimated and are reported.
    Schlagwort(e): COMPOSITE MATERIALS
    Materialart: NASA, Langley Research Center, First LDEF Post-Retrieval Symposium Abstracts; p 83
    Format: text
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 5
    Publikationsdatum: 2019-01-25
    Beschreibung: Pieces of silvered Teflon thermal control blanket from seventeen locations on the Long Duration Exposure Facility (LDEF) were studied. Results of the measurements of surface texturing, and mechanical, electrical and thermal properties are presented. Photos of the blankets, scanning electron microscope pictures, infrared spectra, and surface analysis results are presented. Contamination issues relative to performance of the blankets are discussed. The variation in measured properties are reported as a function of exposure conditions.
    Schlagwort(e): NONMETALLIC MATERIALS
    Materialart: NASA, Langley Research Center, First LDEF Post-Retrieval Symposium Abstracts; p 65
    Format: text
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 6
    Publikationsdatum: 2019-06-28
    Beschreibung: A study of the Teflon blanket surface at the edge of tray C-08 illustrates the complexity of the microenvironments on the Long Duration Exposure Facility (LDEF). The distribution of particulate contaminants varied dramatically over a distance of half a centimeter (quarter of an inch) near the edge of the blanket. The geometry and optical effects of the atomic oxygen erosion varied significantly over the few centimeters where the blanket folded over the edge of the tray resulting in a variety of orientations to the atomic oxygen flux. A very complex region of combined mechanical and atomic oxygen damage occurred where the blanket contacted the edge of the tray. A brown film deposit apparently fixed by ultraviolet light traveling by reflection through the Teflon film was conspicuous beyond the tray contract zone. Chemical and structural analysis of the surface of the brown film and beyond toward the protected edge of the blanket indicated some penetration of energetic atomic oxygen at least five millimeters past the blanket-tray contact interface.
    Schlagwort(e): NONMETALLIC MATERIALS
    Materialart: NASA. Langley Research Center, LDEF: 69 Months in Space. First Post-Retrieval Symposium, Part 2; p 861-874
    Format: text
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 7
    Publikationsdatum: 2019-06-28
    Beschreibung: A significant effort to determine the effects of low earth orbit (LEO) exposure on silver backed fluorinated ethylene-propylene (FEP) blankets from the Long Duration Exposure Facility (LDEF) was performed, and the results of this investigation are described. Extensive measurements of surface, optical, chemical, and mechanical properties were conducted. Effects of contamination and erosion rates of the FEP layer were determined. Specific results are reported on solar absorptance, thermal emittance, diffuse reflectance, cross sectional microphotography, secondary ion mass spectroscopy, electron scattering for chemical analysis, scanning electron microscopy, percent elongation, and tensile strength. These measurements show the effects of two distinctly different exposure environments, solar exposure, and simultaneous atomic oxygen (AO) and solar exposure.
    Schlagwort(e): NONMETALLIC MATERIALS
    Materialart: NASA. Langley Research Center, LDEF: 69 Months in Space. First Post-Retrieval Symposium, Part 2; p 847-859
    Format: text
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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