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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences 589 (1990), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1749-6632
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Natural Sciences in General
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of industrial microbiology and biotechnology 4 (1989), S. 65-70 
    ISSN: 1476-5535
    Keywords: Lactobacillus bulgaricus ; Peptide average molecular weight ; Kinetics ; Leudeking-Piret model
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Summary The batch fermentation of whey permeate to lactic acid was improved by supplementing the broth with enzyme-hydrolyzed whey protein. A mathematical model based on laboratory results predicts to a 99% confidence limit the kinetics of this fermentation. Cell growth, acid production and protein and sugar use rates are defined in quantifiable terms related to the state of cell metabolism. The model shows that the constants of the Leudeking-Piret model are not true constants, but must vary with the medium composition, and especially the peptide average molecular weight. The kinetic mechanism on which the model is based also is presented.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of industrial microbiology and biotechnology 4 (1989), S. 71-75 
    ISSN: 1476-5535
    Keywords: Lactobacillus bulgaricus ; Whey permeate ; Peptide average molecular weight
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Summary The batch fermentation of whey permeate to lactic acid was improved markedly by the addition of enzymehydrolyzed whey protein. Acid concentrations greater than 90 g/l were achieved at a productivity of 4.3 g/l per h and a 98% substrate use. Cell mass concentration reached 6 g/l. The acid productivity achieved is somewhat higher than that typical for fermentation of whole whey. The process economics, based on in-house hydrolyzate preparation, look promising. Presented in this paper are the experimental results showing the effects of hydrolyzate concentration on acid and cell mass production.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of industrial microbiology and biotechnology 4 (1989), S. 77-80 
    ISSN: 1476-5535
    Keywords: Lactobacillus bulgaricus ; Endoprotease ; Peptide average molecular weight
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Summary The batch fermentation of whey permeate to lactic acid was improved by supplementing the broth with enzyme-hydrolyzed whey protein. Hydrolyzates prepared with endoprotease were more stimulatory to acid production rates than were those prepared with exo/endo protease. The effect of hydrolyzate average molecular weight on acid production is presented. Results show that the hydrolyzate having an average molecular weight of 700 is the most stimulatory to acid production rates.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of industrial microbiology and biotechnology 5 (1990), S. 71-77 
    ISSN: 1476-5535
    Keywords: Brevibacterium R-312 ; Enzyme production ; Nitrile hydratase activity ; Amidase activity
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Summary 3-cyanopyridine was hydrated to nicotinamide by whole cells ofBrevibacterium R-312 containing nitrile hydratase. Cells used for kinetic studies had an initial activity of 0.30 mg nicotinamide/mg cells(dry)-min and storage half-lives (pH 8) of approximately 100 days, 10 days, 5 days and less than 1 day at 4°C, 10°C, 25°C, and 30°C respectively. Temperature and pH maxima were 35°C and 8.0, respectively. Fermentations gave a maximum total hydratase activity of 1.25 mg nicotinamide/min, but at this maximum the amidase activity was unacceptably high (25% of the hydratase activity): nicotinamide was converted too rapidly to nicotinic acid. But systematic fermentation studies (7 1) showed that harvesting at mid-log phase (18–20 h) prior to the attainment of maximum total activity gave reasonably high levels of hydratase (0.3 mg nicotinamide/mg cells-min) and acceptable levels of amidase (0.03 mg nicotinic acid/mg cells-min).
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of industrial microbiology and biotechnology 6 (1990), S. 185-190 
    ISSN: 1476-5535
    Keywords: Brevibacterium R-312 ; Nitrile hydratase activity ; Amidase activity ; Nitrile hydratase half-life ; Hydration mathematical models
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Summary The kinetic and stability characteristics of crude extract nitrile hydratase fromBrevibacterium R-312 were studied for the hydration of 3-cyanopyridine to nicotinamide. The enzyme was substrate and product inhibited and had the following kinetic constants:K m =28 mM;K p =36 mM;K s =155 mM;V m =5.8 μ mol/min/mg protein (25°C). Itsmaximum temperature and pH (phosphate buffer) were 35°C and 8.0, respectively and it had half-lives of 50 days, 10 days and 1 day at 4°C, 10°C and 25°C, respectively. The crude extract also exhibited amidase activity on nicotinamide, but it became significant only at nicotinamide concentrations greater than 300 mM. Mathematical models for batch and fed-batch hydrations were developed to account for substrate and product inhibitions and for enzyme decay. They predicted to within 10% experimental results for initial substrate and final product concentrations up to 300 mM; the accuracies decreased at higher concentrations primarily because of the relatively rapid hydrolysis of nicotinamide.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 16 (1970), S. 499-501 
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 17 (1975), S. 515-526 
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Electrochemical regeneration of the cofactor nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD) from its reduced form (NADH) has been coupled with the alcoholdehydrogenation reaction which consumes NAD and produces NADU using alcohol dehydrogenase bound to alumina. Alcohol (reactant) is added directly to the system while aldehyde (product) leaves the system through an ultrafiltration membrane which prevents loss of the cofactor. This system provides a continuous-flow process for carrying out a cofactor-requiring enzymatic reaction with no net loss or consumption of enzyme or cofactor and without the use of reagents for regenerating the cofactor. Although the process shown here is not economically practical, it may be a harbinger of useful and technically feasible chemical reaction systems based on immobilized enzymes requiring cofactors.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 17 (1975), S. 1369-1372 
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: No Abstrast.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 17 (1975), S. 1663-1678 
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Gas-exchange conditions of C. ulilis cultures were analyzed by an on-line, real-time operating digital computer interfaced with a 250 liter, highly instrumented fermentor.Information obtained from the computer was correlated with wet chemical analytical data related to nucleic acid, protein, and ethyl alcohol production rates. Once the correlation was established, the computed gas-exchange data, especially the RQ which functions as an indicator of the cells physiological condition, could be used as a real-time process status indicator which follows or forecasts events during the fermentation.It was also found that electrical noises generted on the sensor-instrument level may handicap the interpretation of the meaning of computed process status indicators. Since “clear” data is considered as a prerequisite to follow the physiological conditions and perform control of environmental variables, a special computer program is necessary to filter the electric noises at the sensor-instrument level prior to the on-line, real-time data analysis for process status identification.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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