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  • 1
    ISSN: 1750-3841
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: By including hydrophobic chromatography in the purification scheme, 2 homogeneous tomato fruit peroxidase isoenzymes were obtained. The expression of these 2 peroxidases, one acid and the other basic, was determined in tomato fruits grown under different salinity conditions. Increased salinity modified the isoenzyme profile of tomato peroxidase. In tomatoes grown under highly saline conditions, there was an increase in the expression of the acid form with respect to the basic, the acid/basic ratio rising from 4.5 in tomatoes grown under normal saline conditions to 70 in those grown in highly saline conditions. Kinetic studies using 2,2′-azinobis(3-ethylbenzo-thiazolinesulfonic acid) as reducing substrate showed that increased salinity in the growth medium did not modify the kinetic parameter of tomato peroxidase over both hydrogen peroxide or reducing substrate.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    European journal of soil science 52 (2001), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1365-2389
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Geosciences , Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Considerable attention has been paid recently to the influence of surface rock fragments on hydrological and erosional processes, although much of this research has been done on disturbed soils under laboratory conditions. I have studied the effects of rock fragments on soil infiltration, runoff and erosion under field conditions using simulated rainfall on bare areas of natural soils within typical Mediterranean scrubland characterized by patchily distributed vegetation. Sample areas were chosen where rock fragments cover more than half the surface within unvegetated patches. Twenty experiments were carried out by applying rain at an intensity of 55 mm h−1 for 60 minutes. This approach shows that rock fragments (i) retard ponding and surface runoff, and (ii) give greater steady-state infiltration rates and smaller interrill runoff discharges, sediment concentrations and interrill erosion rates. A second set of six experiments was carried out by applying rainfall at an intensity of 55 mm h−1 for two runs of 60 minutes. The second run was initiated 10 minutes after the first. During this interval, surface rock fragments were removed in order to measure their effects on infiltration, interrill runoff and erosion rates. In this way, I showed that water and soil losses are reduced by the rock fragments. After the removal of rock fragments the steady-state infiltration rate diminished from 44.5 to 27.5 mm h−1 and the runoff coefficient, sediment concentration and erosion rates were, respectively, 3, 33 and 39 times greater than they were before the rock fragments were removed.
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Plant Science 95 (1993), S. 23-29 
    ISSN: 0168-9452
    Keywords: Osmotic adjustment ; Phaseolus vulgaris L. ; Relative growth rate ; Salinity ; Sugars ; Water relations
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Biology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Physiologia plantarum 89 (1993), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1399-3054
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Citrus rootstocks as well as lemon scions differ in their ability to restrict sodium and chloride ions and in their sensitivity to saline stress. To determine the behaviour of different rootstock-scion combinations, 3 lemon cultivars on 3 different rootstocks were grown in containers in a greenhouse and irrigated with 5, 25 and 50 mM NaCl. Growth of the plants and foliar contents of sodium and chloride as well as physiological parameters including transpiration rate, gas exchange, stomatal conductance and chlorophyll content were evaluated. Shoot length of the plants on sour orange and on C. volkameriana showed a greater reduction with salinity than those on C. macrophylla. Accumulation of salt in the leaves was also scion dependent, cv. ‘Eureka’ having higher concentrations of sodium and chloride than the others. Assimilation rate of CO2 and stomatal conductance were greatly reduced by salinity in the leaves of Verna and Eureka on sour orange. Gas exchange in the leaves was highly correlated with chloride and sodium contents in all lemon-rootstock combinations. C. macrophylla showed a higher resistance to salinity than C. volkameriana and sour orange. Inferences on the mechanisms of action of salt on lemon trees are discussed.
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Food Chemistry 46 (1993), S. 95-99 
    ISSN: 0308-8146
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Soil Science Society of America journal 63 (1999), S. 362-368 
    ISSN: 1435-0661
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences , Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: 2 plots) were carried out on soils formed on marl, clay, limestone, and sandstone parent material under three vegetation cover rates: 0 to 20 (bare), 40 to 60 (intermediate), and 80 to 100% (vegetated) in eastern Spain to test this hypothesis. Surface runoff and erosion were related to parent material and vegetation cover. Vegetation enhanced infiltration and reduced surface runoff and erosion, and their variability decreased as vegetation cover increased. For bare soils, the steady-state infiltration rates ranged from 3 to 55 mm h-1, the runoff from 0 to 83%, and the erosion rates from 0 to 3720 g m-2 h-1. On the vegetated soil, the values were 53 to 55 mm h-1, 0 to 9%, and 0 to 6 g m-2 h-1, respectively, for infiltration, runoff, and erosion rates. Runoff and erosion were greatest for marl soils (0-83% and 0-3720 g m-2 h-1, respectively) and intermediate for clay and limestone (0-46% and 0-131 g m-2 h-1). Sandstone generated negligible water and soil losses (0-7% and 0-0.29 g m-2 h-1). The interaction of vegetation and parent material showed that, on marl soils, plant cover was the main factor preventing high runoff and erosion rates.
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Irrigation science 11 (1990), S. 245-249 
    ISSN: 1432-1319
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Summary A field experiment was conducted for five years to study the response of 6-year old lemon trees cv. Verna on three different rootstock (sour orange, Cleopatra mandarin and macrophylla) to uniform applications of four irrigation waters having Cl− concentrations of 4 (control), 11, 26.5 and 42.5 mol m−3, respectively. Fruit yield and the growth in trunk circumference were significantly reduced by increasing salinity in the rootzone, although this effect varied with the rootstock. The threshold values for response were 1.53, 2.08 and 1.02 dS m−1 for sour orange, Cleopatra mandarin and macrophylla respectively. The corresponding yield reduction for each unit increase in salinity above those values was 10.5, 13.7 and 14.2%, respectively. Trees on macrophylla accumulated higher Cl− concentrations in the leaves than those from the other two rootstocks. The role of the interstock of sanguina orange on restriction of Cl uptake is discussed.
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Human genetics 〈Berlin〉 47 (1979), S. 345-346 
    ISSN: 1432-1203
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Plant and soil 46 (1977), S. 405-411 
    ISSN: 1573-5036
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Summary A field experiment was designed to determine the salt tolerance of three varieties of sweet pepper for paprika, studying the effects of four increasing levels of sodium chloride in the irrigation water (5, 10, 29 and 42 meq/l) on soil salinity, yields, and quality of the fruits. EC5:1 and the soluble sodium and chloride contents increased with increasing salinity. The yields were reduced by 5 per cent for variety ‘Ramillete’, 19 per cent for ‘Tres cascos’, and 40 per cent for ‘Bola’ at the highest level. The fruit quality variables studied (colour index and chloride contents) differed with the variety. re]19750925
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Plant and soil 97 (1987), S. 233-241 
    ISSN: 1573-5036
    Keywords: Blossom-end rot ; Fruit quality ; Fruit yield ; Leaf mineral composition ; Tomato
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Summary A greenhouse lysimeter experiment was conducted to evaluate the response of tomato hybrids to varying levels of salinity. Four tomato hybrids F-172, F-150, Bornia and Diego were grown at four salinity levels. The soil was salinized prior to transplanting by irrigating with waters that were prepared by adding NaCl to the tap water. The electrical conductivities of the irrigation waters were 1.8, 4.5, 7.0, and 9.5 dS/m at 25°C. Yield, fruit quality, and leaf mineral composition were measured. Fifty percent fruint yield reduction for all hybrids was associated with a soil salinity of 5.1 dS/m. Each unit increase in salinity above 2 dS/m reduced yield by 14%. This indicates that these tomato hybrids are more salt sensitive than the older varieties. Fruit quality and leaf mineral composition were also affected by salinity and hybrid.
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