ISSN:
1476-5535
Keywords:
phenanthrene
;
fungi
;
degradation
;
conjugates
;
metabolism
Source:
Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
Topics:
Biology
,
Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
Notes:
Abstract Three filamentous fungi were examined for the ability to biotransform phenanthrene to oxidative (phase I) and conjugative (phase II) metabolites. Phenanthrene metabolites were purified by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and identified by UV/visible absorption, mass, and1H NMR spectra.Aspergillus niger ATCC 6275,Syncephalastrum racemosum UT-70, andCunninghamella elegans ATCC 9245 initially transformed [9-14C]phenanthrene to produce metabolites at the 9,10-, 1,2-, and 3,4- positions. Subsequently, sulfate conjugates of phase I metabolites were formed byA. niger, S. racemosum, andC. elegans. Minor glucuronide conjugates of 9-phenanthrol and phenanthrenetrans-9,10-dihydrodiol were formed byS. racemosum andA. niger, respectively. In addition,C. elegans produced the glucose conjugates 1-phenanthryl β-d-glucopyranoside and 2-hydroxy-1-phenanthryl β-d-glucopyranoside, a novel metabolite. [9-14C]Phenanthrene metabolites were not detected in organic extracts from biotransformation experiments with the yeasts,Candida lipolytica 37-1,Candida tropicalis ATCC 32113, andCandida maltosa R-42.
Type of Medium:
Electronic Resource
URL:
http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01570023
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