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  • 1
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    Gas-pressure bonding techniques. (1968)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2018-12-01
    Description: Gas pressure bonding techniques in solid state and powder compaction describing autoclaves, compressors, heaters and temperature control
    Keywords: MACHINE ELEMENTS AND PROCESSES
    Format: text
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 2
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    Development of an Accelerated Test Design for Predicting the Service Life of the Solar Array at Mead, Nebraska (1979)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-27
    Description: An accelerated life test is described which was developed to predict the life of the 25 kW photovoltaic array installed near Mead, Nebraska. A quantitative model for accelerating testing using multiple environmental stresses was used to develop the test design. The model accounts for the effects of thermal stress by a relation of the Arrhenius form. This relation was then corrected for the effects of nonthermal environmental stresses, such as relative humidity, atmospheric pollutants, and ultraviolet radiation. The correction factors for the nonthermal stresses included temperature-dependent exponents to account for the effects of interactions between thermal and nonthermal stresses on the rate of degradation of power output. The test conditions, measurements, and data analyses for the accelerated tests are presented. Constant-temperature, cyclic-temperature, and UV types of tests are specified, incorporating selected levels of relative humidity and chemical contamination and an imposed forward-bias current and static electric field.
    Keywords: ENERGY PRODUCTION AND CONVERSION
    Type: NASA-CR-162534 , DOE/JPL-954328-79/13
    Format: application/pdf
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 3
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    Evaluation available encapsulation materials for low-cost long-life silicon photovoltaic arrays (1978)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-27
    Description: Experimental evaluation of selected encapsulation designs and materials based on an earlier study which have potential for use in low cost, long-life photovoltaic arrays are reported. The performance of candidate materials and encapsulated cells were evaluated principally for three types of encapsulation designs based on their potentially low materials and processing costs: (1) polymeric coatings, transparent conformal coatings over the cell with a structural-support substrate; (2) polymeric film lamination, cells laminated between two films or sheets of polymeric materials; and (3) glass-covered systems, cells adhesively bonded to a glass cover (superstrate) with a polymeric pottant and a glass or other substrate material. Several other design types, including those utilizing polymer sheet and pottant materials, were also included in the investigation.
    Keywords: ENERGY PRODUCTION AND CONVERSION
    Type: NASA-CR-157758 , DOE/JPL-954328-78/2
    Format: application/pdf
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 4
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    Measurement techniques and instruments suitable for life-prediction testing of photovoltaic arrays (1978)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-27
    Description: Array failure modes, relevant materials property changes, and primary degradation mechanisms are discussed as a prerequisite to identifying suitable measurement techniques and instruments. Candidate techniques and instruments are identified on the basis of extensive reviews of published and unpublished information. These methods are organized in six measurement categories - chemical, electrical, optical, thermal, mechanical, and other physicals. Using specified evaluation criteria, the most promising techniques and instruments for use in life prediction tests of arrays were selected.
    Keywords: ENERGY PRODUCTION AND CONVERSION
    Type: NASA-CR-157084 , DOE/JPL-954328-78/1
    Format: application/pdf
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 5
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    Studies of encapsulant materials for terrestrial solar-cell arrays (1975)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-27
    Description: Study 1 of this contract is entitled ""Evaluation of World Experience and Properties of Materials for Encapsulation of Terrestrial Solar-Cell Arrays.'' The approach of this study is to review and analyze world experience and to compile data on properties of encapsulants for photovoltaic cells and for related applications. The objective of the effort is to recommend candidate materials and processes for encapsulating terrestrial photovoltaic arrays at low cost for a service life greater than 20 years. The objectives of Study 2, ""Definition of Encapsulant Service Environments and Test Conditions,'' are to develop the climatic/environmental data required to define the frequency and duration of detrimental environmental conditions in a 20-year array lifetime and to develop a corresponding test schedule for encapsulant systems.
    Keywords: ENERGY PRODUCTION AND CONVERSION
    Type: NASA-CR-148816 , ERDA/JPL-954328-75/1 , QPR-1
    Format: application/pdf
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 6
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    Development of an Accelerated Test Design for Predicting the Service Life of the Solar Array at Mead, Nebraska (1979)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-27
    Description: Potential long-term degradation modes for the two types of modules in the Mead array were determined and judgments were made as to those environmental stresses and combinations of stresses which accelerate the degradation of the power output. Hierarchical trees representing the severity of effects of stresses (test conditions) on eleven individual degradation modes were constructed and were pruned of tests judged to be nonessential. Composites of those trees were developed so that there is now one pruned tree covering eight degradation modes, another covering two degradation modes, and a third covering one degradation mode. These three composite trees form the basis for selection of test conditions in the final test plan which is now being prepared.
    Keywords: ENERGY PRODUCTION AND CONVERSION
    Type: NASA-CR-158373 , DOE/JPL-954328-79/11
    Format: application/pdf
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 7
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    Materials for encapsulation systems for terrestrial photovoltaic arrays (1976)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-13
    Description: The paper is concerned with glass and polymeric candidate materials and processes for potential encapsulation systems that could be used in low-cost long-life terrestrial photovoltaic arrays. The characteristics of encapsulation systems in use are reviewed, and the properties of proposed materials are examined. These materials include acrylics, epoxies, fluorocarbons, polycarbonates, polyesters, polyimides, polyxylylenes, and silicones. Properties of glass types are also considered. The prospects for glass and polymeric systems are analyzed, and the knowledge gained from a study of existing systems is discussed with attention to weather/aging effects, failures, environments, hazards, costs, development efforts, and materials choices.
    Keywords: NONMETALLIC MATERIALS
    Type: Photovoltaic Specialists Conference; Nov 15, 1976 - Nov 18, 1976; Baton Rouge, LA
    Format: text
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 8
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    Evaluation of selected chemical processes for production of low-cost silicon, phase 2 (1977)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-13
    Description: Potential designs for an integrated fluidized-bed reactor/zinc vaporizer/SiCl4 preheater unit are being considered and heat-transfer calculations have been initiated on versions of the zinc vaporizer section. Estimates of the cost of the silicon prepared in the experimental facility have been made for projected capacities of 25, 50, 75, and 100 metric ton of silicon. A 35 percent saving is obtained in going from 25 metric ton/year to the 50 metric ton/year level. This analysis, coupled with the recognition that use of two reactors in the 50 metric ton/year version allows for continued operation (at reduced capacity) with one reactor shut down, has resulted in a recommendation for adoption of an experimental facility capacity of 50 metric ton/year or greater. At this stage, the change to a larger size facility would not increase the design costs appreciably. In the experimental support program, the effects of seed bed particle size and depth were studied, and operation of the miniplant with a new zinc vaporizer was initiated, revealing the need for modification of the latter.
    Keywords: ENERGY PRODUCTION AND CONVERSION
    Type: NASA-CR-153907 , QPR-7 , ERDA/JPL-754339-77/7
    Format: application/pdf
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 9
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    Evaluation of selected chemical processes for production of low-cost silicon (1976)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-13
    Keywords: GENERAL
    Type: NASA-CR-149100 , ERDA/JPL-954339-75/1 , QPR-1
    Format: text
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 10
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    Measurement Techniques and Instruments Suitable for Life-prediction Testing of Photovoltaic Arrays (1979)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-27
    Description: The validation of a 20-year service life for low-cost photovoltaic arrays is a critical requirement in the Low-Cost Solar Array (LSA) Project. The validation is accomplished through accelerated life-prediction tests. A two-phase study was conducted to address the needs before such tests are carried out. The results and recommended techniques from the Phase 1 investigation are summarized in the appendix. Phase 2 of the study is covered in this report and consisted of experimental evaluations of three techniques selected from these recommended as a results of the Phase 1 findings. The three techniques evaluated were specular and nonspecular optical reflectometry, chemiluminescence measurements, and electric current noise measurements.
    Keywords: ENERGY PRODUCTION AND CONVERSION
    Type: NASA-CR-158733 , DOE/JPL-954328-79/12
    Format: application/pdf
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
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