ISSN:
1551-2916
Source:
Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
Topics:
Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
,
Physics
Notes:
Resistance degradation of lead magnesium niobate-based (PMZNT) ceramics during nickel electroplating was investigated using resistivity measurement and auger electron spectroscopy (AES) analysis. It was found that the resistivity of the ceramics remained nearly unchanged at the initial stage of the electroplating, and, as electroplating time increased, the resistivity decreased rapidly. An AES depth profile analysis of a degraded specimen showed oxygen content in the surface to be lower than the theoretical value, and the relationship of oxygen content and detection depth was obtained. The results indicated that Pb2+ and Nb5+ were reduced to lower valence states and oxygen in the lattice was lost, thereby leading to a generation of oxygen vacancies. Hence, the conductivity of the dielectrics was enhanced. The results also indicated that only the outermost surface had suffered the reducing effect induced by hydrogen generated during nickel electroplating, whereas the bulk material remained impervious.
Type of Medium:
Electronic Resource
URL:
http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1151-2916.2002.tb00114.x
Permalink