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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Archives of microbiology 110 (1976), S. 43-48 
    ISSN: 1432-072X
    Keywords: 2-Ketogluconate uptake ; Bacterial transport ; Transport mutants ; Pseudomonas putida
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The uptake of 2-ketogluconate is inducible in Pseudomonas putida: 2-ketogluconate, glucose, gluconate, glycerol and glycerate were each good nutritional inducers of this ability. 2-Ketogluconate uptake obeyed saturation kinetics (apparent K min 2-ketogluconate-grown cells was 0.4 mM). 2-Ketogluconate was transported against a concentration gradient, apparently in an unchanged state, and the process required metabolic energy, all of which indicate an active transport system. A number of independently isolated mutants with deranged activity of a common glucose-gluconate uptake system were found to be also defective in 2-ketogluconate transport. Strains unable to transport 2-ketogluconate which grew readily on glucose and gluconate were also isolated. These results suggest that 2-ketogluconate transport is governed by at least two genetic elements: one which is also required to take up glucose and gluconate and another which appears to be specific for 2-ketogluconate transport. Similarly glucose and gluconate transport appears to require at least one factor which is not necessary for 2-ketogluconate transport, as suggested by the lack of induction of the common glucose-gluconate uptake system by glycerol and glycerate, substrates which are good inducers of 2-ketogluconate uptake.
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Archives of microbiology 102 (1975), S. 163-166 
    ISSN: 1432-072X
    Keywords: Pseudomonas putida ; Fructose Uptake ; Transport Systems ; Carbohydrate Transport
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Fructose transport was not apparently affected in a number of Pseudomonas putida strains with deranged activity of a common glucose-gluconate uptake system, indicating the existence of an independent fructose uptake system. Fructose uptake by glucose-gluconate uptake mutants was induced by fructose and obeyed saturation kinetics (apparent K m =0.3 mM). The fructose uptake system serves to transport glucose in addition to fructose. The entry of fructose into P. putida cells appears to be mediated also by the glucose-gluconate uptake system, as shown by the ability to accumulate fructose of wild type cells grown on glucose, a substrate that induces the glucose-gluconate uptake system but not the fructose uptake system. In addition, fructose was found to be an inducer of the glucose-gluconate uptake system. The physiological significance of these observations is not clear because the fructose uptake system can provide the cell with a high enough internal concentration of fructose to support maximum growth rate on this hexose, as shown by following the growth course of glucose-gluconate uptake mutants on fructose.
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Archives of microbiology 50 (1965), S. 164-170 
    ISSN: 1432-072X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Dialysierte zellfreie Extrakte aus Bäckerhefe fixieren, mit Hilfe von Magnesium und Kaliumionen, Coenzyme A und ATP, 14C-markiertes Acetat in Gegenwart von unmarkiertem α-Ketobutyrat. Diese Acetat-Fixierungsreaktion führt zur Bildung eines einzigen Produktes, das durch Papierchromatographie isoliert worden ist, und wird von einem Enzym katalysiert, das, in Abwesenheit von Magnesiumionen, 1 Mol Acetyl-CoA mit 1 Mol α-Ketobutyrat kondensiert. Das neue kondensierende Enzym ist sehr aktiv in Rohextrakten und konnte durch Ammonsulfatfraktionierung von anderen schon beschriebenen Hefeenzymen, welche die Kondensation von Acetyl-CoA mit verschiedenen α-Ketosäuren, nämlich Glyoxyl-, Brenztrauben-, Oxalessig-, α-Ketoisovalerian- und α-Ketoglutarsäure, durchführen, getrennt werden.
    Notes: Summary Dialyzed cell-free preparations of baker's yeast fortified with magnesium and potassium ions, CoA and ATP incorporate 14C-labeled acetate in the presence of unlabeled α-ketobutyrate. This acetate-fixing reaction results in the formation of only one product that has been isolated by paper chromatography and is catalyzed by an enzyme which condenses in the absence of magnesium ions 1 mol of acetyl-CoA with 1 mol of α-ketobutyrate. The new condensing enzyme is very active in the crude extracts and has been separated by ammonium sulfate fractionation from other enzymes previously reported to occur in baker's yeast, which condense acetyl-CoA with the following α-ketoacids: glyoxylate, pyruvate, oxaloacetate, α-ketoisovalerate, and α-ketoglutarate.
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Archives of microbiology 112 (1977), S. 49-55 
    ISSN: 1432-072X
    Keywords: Pseudomonas ; d-fructose catabolism ; P-cholpyruvate: d-fructose phosphotransferase ; 1-Phosphofructokinase
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Cell-free extracts of d-fructose grown cells of Pseudomonas putida, P. fluorescens, P. aeruginosa, P. stutzeri, P. mendocina, P. acidovorans and P. maltophila catalyzed a P-enolpyruvate-dependent phosphorylation of d-fructose and contained 1-P-fructokinase activity suggesting that in these species fructuse-1-P and fructose-1,6-P2 were intermediates of d-fructose catabolism. Neither the 1-P-fructokinase nor the activity catalyzing a P-enolpyruvate-dependent phosphorylation of d-fructose was present in significant amounts in succinate-grown cells indicating that both activities were inducible. Cell-free extracts also contained activities of fructose-1,6-P2 aldolase, fructose-1,6-P2 phosphatase, and P-hexose isomerase which could convert fructose-1,6-P2 to intermediates of either the Embden-Meyerhof pathway or Entner-Doudoroff pathway. Radiolabeling experiments with 1-14C-d-fructose suggested that in P. putida, P. aeruginosa, P. stutzeri, and P. acidovorans most of the alanine was made via the Entner-Doudoroff pathway with a minor portion being made via the Embden-meyerhof pathway. An edd - mutant of P. putida which lacked a functional Entner-Doudoroff pathway but was able to grow on d-fructose appeared to make alanine solely via the Embden-Meyerhof pathway.
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  • 5
    ISSN: 1432-072X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary 1. A regulatory system appears to exist inAcinetobacter calcoaceticus which segregates 5-dehydroshikimate formed by the enzymes of the aromatic biosynthetic pathway from the degradative enzyme in the hydroaromatic pathway, 5-dehydroshikimate dehydrase. This segregation is effective “in vitro” when cells are gently broken but not when a drastic procedure of cell rupture is used. 2. A varied percentage of inhibition of 5-dehydroshikimate dehydrase activity by protocatechuate, depending on the substrate concentration, has also been found. Probably it serves inA. calco-aceticus as an additional mechanism to control 5-dehydroshikimate degradation.
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Archives of microbiology 70 (1970), S. 110-118 
    ISSN: 1432-072X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary 0948 02 1. Evidence is put forward that the bacterium Acinetobacter calcoaceticus, which use squinate as sole source of carbon and energy, degrades this compound via the β-ketoadipate pathway after transforming it into protocatechuate. 2. Extracts from cells grown on quinate can catalyse the oxidation of this hydroaromatic compound, and this activity can be measured by coupling it with the reduction of 2–6-dichlorophenolindophenol. The quinate dehydrogenase appears to be associated, at least to a significant extent, with particulated elements in the cell. 3. Cells grown on quinate can oxidize shikimate; furthermore, the optimum conditions under which crude extracts catalyse the oxidation of quinate and of shikimate are identical. In contrast to these observations the data obtained exclude the possibility that quinate is converted into protocatechuate by means of its previous transformation into shikimate.
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Archives of microbiology 93 (1973), S. 53-64 
    ISSN: 1432-072X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary The synthesis of glucose catabolizing enzymes is under inductive control inPseudomonas putida. Glucose, gluconate and 2-ketogluconate are the best nutritional inducers of these enzymes. Mutants unable to catabolize gluconate or 2-ketogluconate synthesized relatively high levels of glucose dehydrogenase and gluconate-6P dehydrase activities when grown in the presence of these substrates. This identifies both compounds as true inducers of these enzymes. KDGP aldolase is induced by its substrate, as evidenced by the inability of mutant cells unable to form KDGP to produce this enzyme at levels above the basal one. A 3-carbon compound appears to be the inducer of glyceraldehyde-3P dehydrogenase. This pattern of regulation suggests that there is a low degree of coordinate control in the synthesis of the glucolytic enzymes byP. putida. This is also supported by the lack of proportionality found in the levels of two enzymes governed by the same inducers, glucose dehydrogenase and gluconate-6P dehydrase, in cells grown on different conditions.
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Plant breeding 121 (2002), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1439-0523
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Pollen tubes reaching the ovary, fruit set and the main fruit characteristics of six self-compatible genotypes (‘Marta’, ‘Antoñeta’, ‘Guara’, ‘Lauranne’, ‘S2332’ and ‘S4017’) of almond were studied after self- or cross-pollination. No significant differences after self- or cross-pollination were found in the number of pollen tubes reaching the ovary, the percentage of ovaries finally penetrated, fruit set and fruit characteristics. The results showed the possibility of obtaining suitable fertilization, yields and quality of fruits by self-pollination of self-compatible almond cultivars in a single cultivar orchard.
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  • 9
    ISSN: 0014-4827
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Experimental Cell Research 148 (1983), S. 273-280 
    ISSN: 0014-4827
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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