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  • 1
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    Rab11 rescues synaptic dysfunction and behavioural deficits in a Drosophila model of Huntington's disease (2012)
    Oxford University Press
    Details
    Publication Date: 2012-06-13
    Description: Synapse abnormalities in Huntington's disease (HD) patients can precede clinical diagnosis and neuron loss by decades. The polyglutamine expansion in the huntingtin (htt) protein that underlies this disorder leads to perturbations in many cellular pathways, including the disruption of Rab11-dependent endosomal recycling. Impairment of the small GTPase Rab11 leads to the defective formation of vesicles in HD models and may thus contribute to the early stages of the synaptic dysfunction in this disorder. Here, we employ transgenic Drosophila melanogaster models of HD to investigate anomalies at the synapse and the role of Rab11 in this pathology. We find that the expression of mutant htt in the larval neuromuscular junction decreases the presynaptic vesicle size, reduces quantal amplitudes and evoked synaptic transmission and alters larval crawling behaviour. Furthermore, these indicators of early synaptic dysfunction are reversed by the overexpression of Rab11. This work highlights a potential novel HD therapeutic strategy for early intervention, prior to neuronal loss and clinical manifestation of disease.
    Print ISSN: 0964-6906
    Electronic ISSN: 1460-2083
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Published by Oxford University Press
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  • 2
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    Natural variation in a Drosophila clock gene and temperature compensation (1998)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1998-02-11
    Description: The threonine-glycine (Thr-Gly) encoding repeat within the clock gene period of Drosophila melanogaster is polymorphic in length. The two major variants (Thr-Gly)17 and (Thr-Gly)20 are distributed as a highly significant latitudinal cline in Europe and North Africa. Thr-Gly length variation from both wild-caught and transgenic individuals is related to the flies' ability to maintain a circadian period at different temperatures. This phenomenon provides a selective explanation for the geographical distribution of Thr-Gly lengths and gives a rare glimpse of the interplay between molecular polymorphism, behavior, population biology, and natural selection.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Sawyer, L A -- Hennessy, J M -- Peixoto, A A -- Rosato, E -- Parkinson, H -- Costa, R -- Kyriacou, C P -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1997 Dec 19;278(5346):2117-20.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Genetics, University of Leicester, LE1 7RH, UK.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9405346" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Alleles ; Amino Acid Sequence ; Animals ; Circadian Rhythm/*genetics ; Dipeptides/*genetics ; Drosophila Proteins ; Drosophila melanogaster/*genetics/physiology ; Genes, Insect ; *Genetic Variation ; Glycine/genetics ; Haplotypes ; Male ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Nuclear Proteins/chemistry/*genetics ; Period Circadian Proteins ; Phenotype ; Polymorphism, Genetic ; *Repetitive Sequences, Nucleic Acid ; Sequence Deletion ; Temperature ; Threonine/genetics ; Transgenes
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 3
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    Molecular transfer of a species-specific behavior from Drosophila simulans to Drosophila melanogaster (1991)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1991-03-01
    Description: Drosophila males modulate the interpulse intervals produced during their courtship songs. These song cycles, which are altered by mutations in the clock gene period, exhibit a species-specific variation that facilitates mating. We have used chimeric period gene constructs from Drosophila melanogaster and Drosophila simulans in germline transformation experiments to map the genetic control of their song rhythm difference to a small segment of the amino acid encoding information within this gene.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Wheeler, D A -- Kyriacou, C P -- Greenacre, M L -- Yu, Q -- Rutila, J E -- Rosbash, M -- Hall, J C -- GM-21473/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- GM-33205/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1991 Mar 1;251(4997):1082-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Biology, Brandeis University, Waltham, MA 02254.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1900131" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Amino Acid Sequence ; Animals ; Base Sequence ; Circadian Rhythm ; Drosophila/*physiology ; Drosophila melanogaster/*physiology ; Genes ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Motor Activity/physiology ; Restriction Mapping ; Sexual Behavior, Animal/*physiology ; Species Specificity ; Transfection ; Vocalization, Animal/physiology
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 4
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    A molecular basis for natural selection at the timeless locus in Drosophila melanogaster (2007)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2007-06-30
    Description: Diapause is a protective response to unfavorable environments that results in a suspension of insect development and is most often associated with the onset of winter. The ls-tim mutation in the Drosophila melanogaster clock gene timeless has spread in Europe over the past 10,000 years, possibly because it enhances diapause. We show that the mutant allele attenuates the photosensitivity of the circadian clock and causes decreased dimerization of the mutant TIMELESS protein isoform to CRYPTOCHROME, the circadian photoreceptor. This interaction results in a more stable TIMELESS product. These findings reveal a molecular link between diapause and circadian photoreception.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Sandrelli, Federica -- Tauber, Eran -- Pegoraro, Mirko -- Mazzotta, Gabriella -- Cisotto, Paola -- Landskron, Johannes -- Stanewsky, Ralf -- Piccin, Alberto -- Rosato, Ezio -- Zordan, Mauro -- Costa, Rodolfo -- Kyriacou, Charalambos P -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2007 Jun 29;316(5833):1898-900.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Biology, University of Padova, 35131 Padova, Italy.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17600216" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Alleles ; Animals ; *Circadian Rhythm/genetics ; Climate ; Cryptochromes ; Dimerization ; Drosophila Proteins/chemistry/*genetics/*metabolism ; Drosophila melanogaster/*genetics/metabolism/*physiology ; Europe ; Female ; Flavoproteins/*metabolism ; Light ; Motor Activity ; Mutation ; *Photoperiod ; Protein Isoforms/chemistry/genetics/metabolism ; Seasons ; *Selection, Genetic ; Temperature ; Transgenes ; Two-Hybrid System Techniques
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 5
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    Peroxiredoxins are conserved markers of circadian rhythms (2012)
    Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2012-05-25
    Description: Cellular life emerged approximately 3.7 billion years ago. With scant exception, terrestrial organisms have evolved under predictable daily cycles owing to the Earth's rotation. The advantage conferred on organisms that anticipate such environmental cycles has driven the evolution of endogenous circadian rhythms that tune internal physiology to external conditions. The molecular phylogeny of mechanisms driving these rhythms has been difficult to dissect because identified clock genes and proteins are not conserved across the domains of life: Bacteria, Archaea and Eukaryota. Here we show that oxidation-reduction cycles of peroxiredoxin proteins constitute a universal marker for circadian rhythms in all domains of life, by characterizing their oscillations in a variety of model organisms. Furthermore, we explore the interconnectivity between these metabolic cycles and transcription-translation feedback loops of the clockwork in each system. Our results suggest an intimate co-evolution of cellular timekeeping with redox homeostatic mechanisms after the Great Oxidation Event approximately 2.5 billion years ago.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3398137/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3398137/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Edgar, Rachel S -- Green, Edward W -- Zhao, Yuwei -- van Ooijen, Gerben -- Olmedo, Maria -- Qin, Ximing -- Xu, Yao -- Pan, Min -- Valekunja, Utham K -- Feeney, Kevin A -- Maywood, Elizabeth S -- Hastings, Michael H -- Baliga, Nitin S -- Merrow, Martha -- Millar, Andrew J -- Johnson, Carl H -- Kyriacou, Charalambos P -- O'Neill, John S -- Reddy, Akhilesh B -- 083643/Wellcome Trust/United Kingdom -- 083643/Z/07/Z/Wellcome Trust/United Kingdom -- 093734/Wellcome Trust/United Kingdom -- 093734/Z/10/Z/Wellcome Trust/United Kingdom -- BB/C006941/1/Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council/United Kingdom -- BB/D019621/Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council/United Kingdom -- BB/D019621/1/Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council/United Kingdom -- MC_U105170643/Medical Research Council/United Kingdom -- P50 GM076547/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- P50GM076547/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- R01 GM067152/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- R01 GM088595/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- R01GM067152/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- R01GM088595/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- R21 HL102492/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- R21HL102492/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- Medical Research Council/United Kingdom -- England -- Nature. 2012 May 16;485(7399):459-64. doi: 10.1038/nature11088.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Cambridge, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22622569" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Amino Acid Sequence ; Animals ; Archaea/metabolism ; Bacteria/metabolism ; Biomarkers/metabolism ; Catalytic Domain ; Circadian Clocks/genetics/physiology ; Circadian Rhythm/genetics/*physiology ; *Conserved Sequence ; Eukaryotic Cells/metabolism ; *Evolution, Molecular ; Feedback, Physiological ; Homeostasis ; Humans ; Models, Biological ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Oxidation-Reduction ; Peroxiredoxins/chemistry/*metabolism ; Phylogeny ; Prokaryotic Cells/metabolism ; Protein Biosynthesis ; Transcription, Genetic
    Print ISSN: 0028-0836
    Electronic ISSN: 1476-4687
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
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  • 6
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    Unexpected features of Drosophila circadian behavioural rhythms under natural conditions (2012)
    Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2012-04-13
    Description: Circadian clocks have evolved to synchronize physiology, metabolism and behaviour to the 24-h geophysical cycles of the Earth. Drosophila melanogaster's rhythmic locomotor behaviour provides the main phenotype for the identification of higher eukaryotic clock genes. Under laboratory light-dark cycles, flies show enhanced activity before lights on and off signals, and these anticipatory responses have defined the neuronal sites of the corresponding morning (M) and evening (E) oscillators. However, the natural environment provides much richer cycling environmental stimuli than the laboratory, so we sought to examine fly locomotor rhythms in the wild. Here we show that several key laboratory-based assumptions about circadian behaviour are not supported by natural observations. These include the anticipation of light transitions, the midday 'siesta', the fly's crepuscular activity, its nocturnal behaviour under moonlight, and the dominance of light stimuli over temperature. We also observe a third major locomotor component in addition to M and E, which we term 'A' (afternoon). Furthermore, we show that these natural rhythm phenotypes can be observed in the laboratory by using realistic temperature and light cycle simulations. Our results suggest that a comprehensive re-examination of circadian behaviour and its molecular readouts under simulated natural conditions will provide a more authentic interpretation of the adaptive significance of this important rhythmic phenotype. Such studies should also help to clarify the underlying molecular and neuroanatomical substrates of the clock under natural protocols.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Vanin, Stefano -- Bhutani, Supriya -- Montelli, Stefano -- Menegazzi, Pamela -- Green, Edward W -- Pegoraro, Mirko -- Sandrelli, Federica -- Costa, Rodolfo -- Kyriacou, Charalambos P -- Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council/United Kingdom -- Medical Research Council/United Kingdom -- England -- Nature. 2012 Apr 4;484(7394):371-5. doi: 10.1038/nature10991.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Biology, University of Padova, Padova 35131, Italy.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22495312" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Biological Clocks/genetics/physiology ; Circadian Rhythm/genetics/*physiology ; Cues ; Darkness ; Drosophila melanogaster/genetics/*physiology ; *Environment ; Female ; Great Britain ; Italy ; Laboratories ; Light ; Male ; Moon ; Motor Activity/genetics/physiology ; Phenotype ; Seasons ; Temperature ; Time Factors
    Print ISSN: 0028-0836
    Electronic ISSN: 1476-4687
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
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  • 7
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    Natural selection favors a newly derived timeless allele in Drosophila melanogaster (2007)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2007-06-30
    Description: Circadian and other natural clock-like endogenous rhythms may have evolved to anticipate regular temporal changes in the environment. We report that a mutation in the circadian clock gene timeless in Drosophila melanogaster has arisen and spread by natural selection relatively recently in Europe. We found that, when introduced into different genetic backgrounds, natural and artificial alleles of the timeless gene affect the incidence of diapause in response to changes in light and temperature. The natural mutant allele alters an important life history trait that may enhance the fly's adaptation to seasonal conditions.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Tauber, Eran -- Zordan, Mauro -- Sandrelli, Federica -- Pegoraro, Mirko -- Osterwalder, Nicolo -- Breda, Carlo -- Daga, Andrea -- Selmin, Alessandro -- Monger, Karen -- Benna, Clara -- Rosato, Ezio -- Kyriacou, Charalambos P -- Costa, Rodolfo -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2007 Jun 29;316(5833):1895-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Genetics, University of Leicester, Leicester LE1 7RH, UK.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17600215" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Alleles ; Amino Acid Sequence ; Animals ; Base Sequence ; Circadian Rhythm/genetics ; Drosophila Proteins/*genetics/physiology ; Drosophila melanogaster/*genetics/*physiology ; Europe ; Evolution, Molecular ; Female ; Geography ; Haplotypes ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Mutation ; *Photoperiod ; Phylogeny ; Polymorphism, Genetic ; Protein Isoforms/genetics/physiology ; Reproduction ; *Seasons ; *Selection, Genetic ; Temperature ; Transformation, Genetic
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 8
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    Physiology. Unraveling traveling (2009)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2009-09-26
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Kyriacou, Charalambos P -- BB/F008988/1/Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council/United Kingdom -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2009 Sep 25;325(5948):1629-30. doi: 10.1126/science.1178935.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Genetics, University of Leicester, Leicester LE1 7RH, UK. cpk@leicester.ac.uk〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19779177" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Animal Migration ; Animals ; Biological Clocks/*physiology ; Brain/cytology/physiology ; Butterflies/*physiology ; Circadian Rhythm/*physiology ; Cryptochromes ; Darkness ; Flavoproteins/metabolism ; Flight, Animal/*physiology ; Insect Proteins/metabolism ; Light ; Neurons/physiology ; Orientation ; Photoreceptor Cells, Invertebrate/physiology ; Seasons ; Sense Organs/physiology ; *Solar System
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 9
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    Interspecific genetic control of courtship song production and reception in Drosophila (1986)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1986-04-25
    Description: The genetic control of courtship song differences between Drosophila melanogaster and Drosophila simulans males was investigated by producing hybrids from reciprocal crosses. The song rhythm difference between the parental species appears to be due to sex-linked genes, whereas the basic interpulse-interval difference is autosomally inherited. Hybrid females show selective preferences for artificially generated songs carrying intermediate "hybrid" characteristics.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Kyriacou, C P -- Hall, J C -- GM 21473/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1986 Apr 25;232(4749):494-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3083506" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Animal Communication ; Animals ; *Courtship ; Drosophila/*genetics/physiology ; Drosophila melanogaster/genetics/physiology ; Female ; Male ; Species Specificity
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Evolution of the threonine-glycine repeat region of the period gene in the melanogaster species subgroup of drosophila (1992)
    Springer
    Journal of molecular evolution 35 (1992), S. 411-419 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1432
    Keywords: Drosophila ; per gene ; Threonine-Glycine ; repeat sequence ; melanogaster subgroup phylogeny
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary The Threonine-Glycine (Thr-Gly) region of the period gene (per) in Drosophila was compared in the eight species of the D. melanogaster subgroup. This region can be divided into a diverged variable-length segment which is flanked by more conserved sequences. The number of amino acids encoded in the variable-length region ranges from 40 in D. teissieri to 69 in D. mauritiana. This is similar to the range found within natural populations of D. melanogaster. It was possible to derive a Thr-Gly “allele” of one species from that of another by invoking hypothetical Thr-Gly intermediates. A phylogeny based on the more conserved flanking sequences was produced. The results highlighted some of the problems which are encountered when highly polymorphic genes are used to infer phylogenies of closely related species.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00171819
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