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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effects of the Apple Mildew Spray Programme on the Control of Fruit Tree Red Spider Mite (1973)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Plant pathology 22 (1973), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-3059
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Betaomyl, diethyl phthalimidophosphonothionate (‘Dowco 199’) and triarimol were less effective than binapacryl or dinocap in suppressing fruit tree red spider mite, Panonychus ulmi (Koch), in post-blossom trials in Kent of fungicides active against apple powdery mildew, Podosphaera leucotricha. Residual effects observed in 1970 indicated that the extension of 10-day programmes in 1969 from 30 June to 31 July improved mite control, except with triarimol. The omission of any consecutive pair of dinocap applications between late May and late June, 1970, increased the number of mites present at the end of the season more than did later interruptions of the programme. This period in early summer, which covered the hatching of winter eggs, is known to be crucial in the control of mildew. Mite damage was most severe following the omission of dinocap in late May and early June.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3059.1973.tb01804.x
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Temporal patterns of airborne conidia of Podosphaera leucotricha, causal agent of apple powdery mildew (1995)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Plant pathology 44 (1995), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-3059
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: In each of the five years 1969 and 1971-1974 inclusive a volumetric spore trap was used in an apple orchard to monitor changes in the number of airborne conidia of Podosphaera leucotricha, the causal agent of apple powdery mildew. The number of trapped conidia varied greatly between years. Time-series analyses, using autoregressive integrated moving average (ARIMA) models, revealed that the temporal pattern of the number of airborne conidia was similar in all years, generally following a diurnal pattern with an afternoon peak. A strong correlation between consecutive hourly counts indicated that the number of trapped conidia depended on the strength of sporulating sources. Using the time-series transfer function (TF) method, it was shown that in each year the most important weather variables influencing the number of airborne conidia were vapour pressure deficit (VPD) and rainfall. Variation between years in the dynamic effects of these variables on conidium numbers was detected, and may reflect weather differences between years. Stepwise regression analysis was applied to the combined daily data for 1973 and 1974 using a subset of weather variables as independent variables, chosen on the basis of TF analysis. A resulting regression model accurately predicted the temporal pattern of conidium numbers (expressed as a percentage of the maximum daily number trapped in the same year) in both years. When this model was applied to the other three years there was good agreement between predicted and observed temporal patterns. Application of this regression model for practical disease control is discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3059.1995.tb02652.x
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A dynamic model simulating infection of apple leaves by Venturia inaequalis (1995)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Plant pathology 44 (1995), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-3059
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: A new dynamic model of the infection of apple leaves by Venturia inaequalis is described. The model begins with the release of spores by rain and incorporates the effect of light on the discharge of ascospores from pseudothecia. The model then simulates infection through the sub-processes of germination, appressorium formation and penetration, separately for ascospores and conidia landed concurrently on wet leaves. The rate of the infection process is determined using different equations for ascospores and conidia. Spore mortality when leaves dry is determined by the stage of infection and RH in the dry period. The infection process is driven by surface wetness, temperature and RH. The progress of each infection period is measured as infection efficiency (IE), namely the percentage of landed spores which have penetrated and thereby infected leaves. The final IE quantifies the favourability of weather in each infection period. In orchard tests in each of three years, the new model detected crucial infection periods in spring and early summer which accounted for outbreaks of leaf scab. These periods were not detected by a static model based on Mills’criteria. The models performed similarly in detecting infection periods later in summer.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3059.1995.tb02746.x
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Components of resistance of apple to powdery mildew (Podosphaera leucotricha) (1986)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Plant pathology 35 (1986), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-3059
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Components of resistance of apple to Podosphaera leucotricha were assessed in the glasshouse by spraying shoot tips of cultivars with conidia. Disease incidence (proportion of leaf surfaces with mildew) and colony numbers were higher and incubation periods correspondingly shorter on the older leaves. unrolled at the time of inoculation. Numbers of colonies were higher on the lower surface. Spore production per colony was higher on the younger leaves. In general, a short incubation period on a cultivar was associated with a high disease incidence, many colonies and high spore production. For some cultivars the association between these components permitted resistance to be classified as very high (cv. Discovery), very low (cv. Golden Delicious), or intermediate(cvs Bramley's Seedling. Suntan). The effects of inoculum concentration and post-inoculation environment (glasshouse or outdoors) on components of resistance were assessed in a further study. No interactions between cultivar and inoculum concentration were detected. There was generally an associated variation in components between cultivars within an environment, but inconsistencies in cultivar rankings were noted between the two environments and the two studies. Mean incubation period was shorter and colony area larger in the glasshouse than outdoors. There were significant differences in conidia/cm2 colony between cultivars only in the glasshouse. Components conferring high resistance in cv. Discovery and low resistance in cv. Golden Delicious were confirmed in both environments and in both studies.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3059.1986.tb02045.x
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Epidemics of apple powdery mildew (Podosphaera leucotricha) in a mixed cultivar orchard (1986)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Plant pathology 35 (1986), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-3059
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Epidemics of apple powdery mildew were monitored on leaves of vegetative extension shoots in a mixed-cultivar orchard in 1979. 1980 and 1981. Cultivars Cox's Orange Pippin. Golden Delicious. Ida Red and Suntan were very susceptible but little mildew developed on cv. Discovery in any year. Results with cvs Crispin and Spartan were less consistent due, in part, to differing patterns of vegetative growth. The rankings of cultivars for disease incidence (proportion of leaves with mildew), number of colonies and mildewed area were similar, and were also consistent on fungicide-sprayed and unsprayed trees in 1981. Less disease occurred on fungicide-treated Golden Delicious than on Cox's Orange Pippin. Most infections occurred on the rolled leaves at the shoot tip. Spore production was greatest on leaves at positions -1 to -4 where leaf 0 was the youngest and leaf - 1 the adjacent and older unrolled leaf.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3059.1986.tb02047.x
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The hybridization of coffea canephora pierre- A technique using waxed cartons (1966)
    Springer
    Euphytica 15 (1966), S. 87-89 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5060
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract Previous doubts about the allogamous nature of the stocks of robusta coffee in Uganda were removed after using improved pollination chambers made from waxed cartons. Their use facilitated the production of hybrids. The preparation of the cartons is described, and their advantages and adaptability to other studies are mentioned.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00024082
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