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  • 1
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    The Hydrogeology of Crystalline Basement Aquifers in Africa (1992)
    London : The Geological Society
    Details
    Keywords: Grundwasserleiter ; Hydrogeologie ; Kristallines Gestein ; Africa ; Aquifers ; Aquifères - Afrique ; Hidrogeologia ; Hydrogéologie - Afrique ; Rocks, Crystalline
    Description / Table of Contents: E. P. Wright: The hydrogeology of crystalline basement aquifers in Africa / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 66:1-27, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1992.066.01.01 --- R. M. Key: An introduction to the crystalline basement of Africa / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 66:29-57, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1992.066.01.02 --- F. A. K. Farquharson and A. Bullock: The hydrology of basement complex regions of Africa with particular reference to southern Africa / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 66:59-76, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1992.066.01.03 --- D. Greenbaum: Structural influences on the occurrence of groundwater in SE Zimbabwe / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 66:77-85, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1992.066.01.04 --- Eduard Boeckh: An exploration strategy for higher-yield boreholes in the West African crystalline basement / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 66:87-100, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1992.066.01.05 --- M. J. McFarlane: Groundwater movement and water chemistry associated with weathering profiles of the African surface in parts of Malawi / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 66:101-129, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1992.066.01.06 --- M. J. McFarlane, P. J. Chilton, and M. A. Lewis: Geomorphological controls on borehole yields: a statistical study in an area of basement rocks in central Malawi / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 66:131-154, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1992.066.01.07 --- J. R. T. Hazell, C. R. Cratchley, and C. R. C. Jones: The hydrogeology of crystalline aquifers in northern Nigeria and geophysical techniques used in their exploration / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 66:155-182, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1992.066.01.08 --- R. D. Barker, C. C. White, and J. F. T. Houston: Borehole siting in an African accelerated drought relief project / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 66:183-201, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1992.066.01.09 --- R. M. Carruthers and I. F. Smith: The use of ground electrical survey methods for siting water-supply boreholes in shallow crystalline basement terrains / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 66:203-220, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1992.066.01.10 --- R. Herbert, J. A. Barker, and R. Kitching: New approaches to pumping test interpretation for dug wells constructed on hard rock aquifers / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 66:221-242, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1992.066.01.11 --- John Houston: Rural water supplies: comparative case histories from Nigeria and Zimbabwe / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 66:243-257, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1992.066.01.12
    Pages: Online-Ressource (VII, 264 Seiten) , Diagramme, Karten
    ISBN: 090331777X
    URL: http://sp.lyellcollection.org/content/66/1
    Language: English
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Preliminary Evaluation of a Geothermal Aquifer in Southern England (1986)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Ground water 24 (1986), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1745-6584
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering , Geosciences
    Notes: The preliminary evaluation of the first direct-use (low enthalpy) geothermal well in the United Kingdom included core analysis, geophysical logging, and drill-stem testing. The effective aquifer is restricted to a few relatively thin loosely cemented bands in the Triassic sandstones at a depth of approximately 1660 m. With an aquifer temperature of at least 67°C the initial assessment of transmissivity, 18 m2/day, suggested that a thermal yield of approximately 2.5 MW would be obtainable. The results are in reasonable agreement with those of a subsequent long-term production test.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-6584.1986.tb01693.x
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The thermal springs of Bath (1982)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 298 (1982), S. 339-343 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] Geochemical and hydrogeological evidence shows that the thermal springs at Bath originate from the Mendip Hills. A maximum subsurface temperature of 80±16 °C is attained during circulation to between 2.7 and 4.3 km within the Carboniferous Limestone. The residence time of the bulk of the ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/298339a0
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  • 4
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    Re-evaluating dual-porosity effects at the site of a seminal groundwater modelling study: Tilmanstone, southern England (2012)
    In:  Geological Society Special Publication 364: 227-248.
    Details
    Publication Date: 2012-04-23
    Description: The first numerical model of solute transport to incorporate Fickian diffusive exchange between mobile fracture water and immobile porewater for an actual case of groundwater contamination at catchment scale was applied to the Chalk aquifer at Tilmanstone in SE England by Bibby (Water Resources Research, 1981, 17, 1075–1081). The unconfined aquifer at Tilmanstone had been contaminated by coalfield brine leaking from disposal lagoons operating throughout much of the twentieth century. Recent observations show that the Bibby model underestimates dual-porosity diffusive retardation, and hence underestimates the persistence of contamination, probably by several decades. 2D representation of the aquifer in plan ignored the hydrostratigraphy, and model calibration was limited by the lack of time-variant paired profiles of fracture water and porewater. Vertical profiles through the Chalk determined by packer testing, borehole dilution testing and geophysical logging, together with a new depth profile of chloride concentration in Chalk matrix porewater, are described. The hydrostratigraphy is interpreted in relation to the Chalk lithostratigraphy of SE England, and incorporated into a vertical-section model of chloride transport along the axis of the valley, consistent with the new and historical profiles of fracture water and porewater chloride concentrations. New predictions of the longevity of the chloride contamination at Tilmanstone are presented.
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  • 5
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    Modelling the influence of solution-enhanced conduits on catchment-scale contaminant transport in the Hertfordshire Chalk aquifer (2012)
    In:  Geological Society Special Publication 364: 205-225.
    Details
    Publication Date: 2012-04-23
    Description: Catchment-scale (〉40 km2) contamination of the Chalk aquifer of Hertfordshire by bromate, emanating from a disused industrial site north of St Albans, represents the largest occurrence of point-source groundwater contamination in the UK. The influences of ‘double porosity’ diffusive exchange and rapid transport along solution-enhanced conduits complicate predictive modelling of contaminant transport to threatened public supply wells. Tracer testing indicates that solution-enhanced flow routes exist beyond the surface distribution of dissolution features in Hertfordshire, more extensively than previously thought. A quantitative conceptual understanding of this flow system has been incorporated into a spatially distributed equivalent porous media representation in MODFLOW and MT3D-MS. The calibrated model reproduces essential features of the aquifer system, including heads and flows, seasonal responses, and the timing and spatial distribution of observed tracer breakthroughs in the solution-enhanced aquifer, but does not fully capture the magnitude and form of tracer and bromate advance. Due to the influence of local solution enhancement and matrix effects, detailed breakthroughs at receptors cannot be resolved at the coarse grid scale. However, the model is able to simulate general trends.
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  • 6
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    Constraints on sustainable development of arsenic-bearing aquifers in southern Bangladesh. Part 1: A conceptual model of arsenic in the aquifer (2002)
    In:  Geological Society Special Publication 193: 145-163.
    Details
    Publication Date: 2002-01-01
    Description: Arsenic is widespread in groundwater of the Holocene alluvial aquifers in southern Bangladesh, yet its concentration is highly variable spatially and with depth. A conceptual model of arsenic in the aquifer is proposed, as a basis for addressing questions concerning sustainability of groundwater development. Patterns and profiles of arsenic distribution in the aquifer have been determined at Meherpur in western Bangladesh, over an area of 15 km2 and a depth range of 15-225 m. The hydrochemical and hydraulic environments of arsenic occurrence have been established. The conceptual model incorporates the conditions of arsenic release to groundwater, the depth distribution of the arsenic source, likely sedimentological controls on the lateral discontinuity of the arsenic source, and the hydraulic regime imposed by pumping from the hydrogeologically leaky, multi-layered aquifer. Reducing conditions, conducive to arsenic release from sedimentary iron oxyhydroxides, are widespread. The arsenic source occurs at a distinct horizon at a depth of about 20m, but is laterally discontinuous. The catchments of shallow, hand-pumped tubewells (HTWs) are limited in extent by vertical leakage. Arsenic concentration in water pumped from tubewells depends on the depth separation between the HTW screen and the arsenic source, the overlap between the HTW catchment and the arsenic source layer, and the duration of pumping. Implications are drawn for treatment, tubewell location and design, monitoring, and predictive modelling.
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  • 7
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    Constraints on sustainable development of arsenic-bearing aquifers in southern Bangladesh. Part 2: Preliminary models of arsenic variability in pumped groundwater (2002)
    In:  Geological Society Special Publication 193: 165-179.
    Details
    Publication Date: 2002-01-01
    Description: Numerical models of groundwater flow and arsenic transport to tubewells in southern Bangladesh have been developed, based on a conceptual model derived from field observations. The catchment of a single hand-pumped tubewell (HTW) is incorporated within a model domain 8110m2 in area and 60m thick. Three tubewell specifications represent typical Bangladesh HTW designs. Constant-concentration cells act as a single-layered arsenic source, arranged to represent the observed depth distribution of arsenic in the aquifer and the range of possible patterns of overlap between HTW catchments and discontinuous zones of arsenic release from sediment to groundwater. A variety of sorption regimes is simulated, and sensitivity to sorption is illustrated. Boundary conditions are modified to simulate the effects of deep production wells. The models reproduce the observed scale and range of arsenic concentration in groundwater pumped from HTWs, and demonstrate likely long-term trends. Breakthrough of arsenic to HTWs may occur a few years after the start of pumping, but at many tubewells the concentration of arsenic could continue to rise significantly over tens to hundreds of years. Spatial distributions and depth profiles of arsenic in groundwater from tubewells should be viewed as transient in the long term. These preliminary models allow implications for the sustainability of the shallow alluvial aquifer to be quantified provisionally. The mechanisms and scale of sorption of arsenic by the aquifer sediments remain as significant uncertainties.
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  • 8
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    Security of Deep Groundwater in the Coastal Bengal Basin Revealed by Tracers (2018)
    American Geophysical Union
    Details
    Publication Date: 2018-08-19
    Description: Uncertainty persists regarding the vulnerability of deep groundwater across Asia's megadeltas. In the coastal Bengal Basin aquifer system, shallow groundwater (〈100 m) commonly features high salinity or arsenic concentrations, and deep, better-quality, groundwater supplies drinking water to 〉80 million people. Here we report new radiocarbon evidence from a network of nine dedicated, multilevel monitoring wells, which indicates residence times of between 10 3 and 10 4  years for groundwater at depths 〉150 m. Modern groundwater detected in some deep abstraction wells using anthropogenic tracers (SF 6 , CFCs) is attributed to short circuiting of shallow groundwater within wells. Age-depth profiles and hydrochemical data in monitoring wells confirm the regional resilience of deep groundwater to ingress of shallow contaminated groundwater. Our results are consistent with high regional anisotropy in the aquifer and support continued use of deep groundwater though the potential for leakage of shallow contaminated groundwater in deep abstraction wells requires careful monitoring. © 2018 British Geological Survey. Geophysical Research Letters © 2018 American Geophysical Union. All Rights Reserved.
    Print ISSN: 0094-8276
    Electronic ISSN: 1944-8007
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Published by American Geophysical Union
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  • 9
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    Hydrogeological typologies of the Indo-Gangetic basin alluvial aquifer, South Asia (2017)
    Springer
    Details
    Publication Date: 2017-02-23
    Print ISSN: 1431-2174
    Electronic ISSN: 1435-0157
    Topics: Geosciences
    Published by Springer
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  • 10
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    Preliminary Evaluation of a Geothermal Aquifer in Southern England (1986)
    Wiley
    Details
    Publication Date: 1986-11-01
    Print ISSN: 0017-467X
    Electronic ISSN: 1745-6584
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering , Geosciences
    Published by Wiley
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