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  • 1
    Monograph available for loan
    Monograph available for loan
    Using real-time fibre optics distributed temperature data for optimising reservoir performance (2000)
    Calgery
    Details Availability
    Call number: M 02.0085
    Type of Medium: Monograph available for loan
    Pages: 11 S.
    Classification:
    A. 3.5.
    Location: Upper compact magazine
    Branch Library: GFZ Library
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Chromium(III) complexes containing macrocyclic ligands (1981)
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    Inorganic chemistry 20 (1981), S. 3947-3951 
    Details
    ISSN: 1520-510X
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ic50225a069
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Generation of thermally induced defects in buried SiO2 films (1995)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 77 (1995), S. 4329-4333 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: We show that annealing of the buried oxide layer used for device isolation generates point defects in the SiO2 film and that this defect generation is independent of temperature above 1000 °C. Electron paramagnetic resonance data obtained on thermally grown buried oxides and those fabricated by ion implantation indicate that the defect is intrinsic to the structure of SiO2 and is associated with an oxygen deficient environment. The similarity in the generation of the defects studied here and the formation of SiO observed in earlier studies of low pressure high temperature oxidation suggests that the formation of the buried oxide defect is related to the reduction of SiO2 and the release of SiO. © 1995 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.359456
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Deuterium interactions with ion-implanted SiO2 layers in silicon (1993)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 73 (1993), S. 2196-2206 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The interactions of deuterium gas (D2) with implantation-formed Si-SiO2-Si structures were investigated in the temperature range 500–1000 °C using nuclear-reaction analysis. At 600 °C and above there is substantial permeation of D through the overlying Si layer, and this D becomes stably bound within the buried SiO2. The reactions within the implantation-formed oxide differ significantly from those in thermal oxides and are characterized by two distinct time regimes. In the first regime there is a rapid transient reaction which, at least at 600 °C, is controlled by permeation through the Si overlayer. After the initial transient there is a much slower reaction within the oxide, prominent at 700 °C and higher, which is controlled by a reaction barrier. The results indicate that the implantation-formed oxides contain more numerous hydrogen-reactive sites than do silica or thermal oxides on Si, and further that the number of these sites is substantially increased by Si epitaxial deposition. Deuterium permeation through the Si overlayer was used to determine the permeability of hydrogen in Si at 600 °C for the first time.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.353122
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Device performance of in situ steam generated gate dielectric nitrided by remote plasma nitridation (2001)
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 78 (2001), S. 3875-3877 
    Details
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: In situ steam generated (ISSG) oxides have recently attracted interest for use as gate dielectrics because of their demonstrated reliability improvement over oxides formed by dry oxidation. [G. Minor, G. Xing, H. S. Joo, E. Sanchez, Y. Yokota, C. Chen, D. Lopes, and A. Balakrishna, Electrochem. Soc. Symp. Proc. 99-10, 3 (1999); T. Y. Luo, H. N. Al-Shareef, G. A. Brown, M. Laughery, V. Watt, A. Karamcheti, M. D. Jackson, and H. R. Huff, Proc. SPIE 4181, 220 (2000).] We show in this letter that nitridation of ISSG oxide using a remote plasma decreases the gate leakage current of ISSG oxide by an order of magnitude without significantly degrading transistor performance. In particular, it is shown that the peak normalized transconductance of n-channel devices with an ISSG oxide gate dielectric decreases by only 4% and the normalized drive current by only 3% after remote plasma nitridation (RPN). In addition, it is shown that the reliability of the ISSG oxide exhibits only a small degradation after RPN. These observations suggest that the ISSG/RPN process holds promise for gate dielectric applications. © 2001 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1379363
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Influence of electrolytes on EDTA extraction of Pb from polluted soil (1992)
    Springer
    Water, air & soil pollution 62 (1992), S. 157-165 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-2932
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering
    Notes: Abstract Because the economics of soil extraction processes depend on conservation and reuse of costly chelating agents, the ability of various electrolytes to modify EDTA extraction of Pb from a grossly-contaminated soil (PbT=21%) was investigated using batch equilibration experiments. In the absence of added electrolyte, a single 5-hr. extraction with 0.04 M EDTA (corresponding to 1∶1 PbT to EDTA ratio) released 65% of PbT over the pH 5 to 9 range. Under these conditions, Na+-, Li+-, and NH4ClO4 salts at 0.5 M increased Pb desorption to nearly 80%, probably from exchange displacement of soilbound Pb2+ and increased solubility of Pb-containing phases at higher ionic strength. Because Cl− and ClO4 − salts were equally effective, chlorocomplex formation was insignificant. Under slightly acidic conditions, Ca(ClO4)2 and Mg(ClO4)2 at 0.167 M caused roughly the same elevation in Pb recovery as 0.5M of the monovalent electrolytes. However, with progressively higher pH, Ca, and to a lesser extent Mg, suppressed Pb solubilization by competitive chelation of EDTA. Pb recovery by EDTA soil washing could be enhanced by addition of Ca salts at pH 4 to 6. Subsequent pH elevation in the presence of Ca would promote decomposition of Pb-EDTA complexes and separation of Pb as a hydroxide precipitate.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00478458
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Comparative evaluation of NTA and EDTA for extractive decontamination of Pb-polluted soils (1989)
    Springer
    Water, air & soil pollution 45 (1989), S. 361-369 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-2932
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering
    Notes: Abstract Nitrilotriacetic acid (NTA) and ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) were compared for their ability to solubilize Pb from a highly-contaminated (PbT 21%) soil collected from a battery recycling facility. For chelant concentrations below 0.04 M (representing a 1:1 chelant-to-PbT molar ratio), EDTA released 10 to 30% more Pb than NTA. NTA-to-Pb T ratios greater than 1:1 reduced Pb recovery because of readsorption of Pb(NTA)2 4− onto positively-charged oxide soil components at pH 〈 8.5. For the EDTA system, however, complexation completely bound all coordination sites of Pb and EDTA, leaving no functional groups available for surface adsorption. Thus, Pb recovery progressively increased with higher EDTA concentrations, although the additional Pb release with each EDTA increment became smaller. For pH 〈 5 and EDTA/Pb of 2:1, Pb recovery exceeded 90%. The addition of 0.5 M NaC1O4 enhanced Pb recovery by EDTA for pH 5 to 12, but substantially suppressed recovery by NTA for pH 〈 11. Because Pb release by NTA was diminished by high ionic strength and chelant-to-metal ratios, NTA may be limited as a soil washing reagent. Stronger complexation and consistent Pb desorption behavior by EDTA favors its use.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00283464
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Can explaining be learnt? Some lecturers' views (1981)
    Springer
    Higher education 10 (1981), S. 573-580 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-174X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Nature of Science, Research, Systems of Higher Education, Museum Science
    Notes: Abstract A random sample of 93 lecturers responded to a 40-item questionnaire based on researches into explaining. The lecturers' views on the learnability of various features of explaining were not related to their years of experience of lecturing. But there were significant differences between arts-based and science lecturers on seventeen of the variables and between least and most experienced lecturers on ten of the variables concerned with assigned values. It is suggested that a lecturer's views on explaining may arise from the experience of studying a subject as an undergraduate.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01676902
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Collagen formation and calcification in teleost scales (1968)
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 93 (1968), S. 571-582 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary Electron microscopy of scales from the marine teleost Hippoglossoides elassodon (Pleuronectidae) indicates a morphological and functional similarity to bone and teeth in that a cellular layer apparently deposits collagen fibers which increase in diameter in extracellular locations. The collagen fibers form layers with fiber axes alternating at approximately 90° in the plane of the scale so that the overall structure resembles plywood. The evidence suggests that the matrix between the fibers becomes more concentrated, finally crystallizing by the deposition of material resembling hydroxyapatite located between and within the collagen fibers.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00338539
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Larval skin of the flathead sole, Hippoglossoides elassodon (1969)
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 100 (1969), S. 167-179 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The skin of newly-hatched larval flathead sole, Hippoglossoides elassodon, is described by light and electron microscopy. The epidermis is usually two cells thick and shows differentiation into both squamous and mucous cells. The squamous cells are characterized by numerous cytoplasmic filaments, typical desmosomes, and lack of keratinization; the mucous cells are distended with mucous droplets, which appear to originate in the Golgi apparatus. A basement membrane is present, although thinner and less dense than that of older fish, and the dermis contains loose formations of collagen and pigment cells.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00343877
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