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  • 1
    Publication Date: 1987-04-01
    Print ISSN: 0236-5731
    Electronic ISSN: 1588-2780
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering
    Published by Springer
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  • 2
    Publication Date: 2010-05-01
    Print ISSN: 0015-5632
    Electronic ISSN: 1874-9356
    Topics: Biology
    Published by Springer
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of radioanalytical and nuclear chemistry 117 (1987), S. 163-169 
    ISSN: 1588-2780
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering
    Notes: Abstract Radioimmunoassay for the differential determination of aflatoxin M1 has been developed. It is based on the use of antiserum having almost the same affinity to both aflatoxins B1 and M1 /Ka for aflatoxin B1=2.0×109 and Ka for aflatoxin M1=2.1×109/ and making possible their simultaneous determination. Aflatoxin B1 content is determined specifically by a commercial RIA, and aflatoxin M1 concentration is calculated as the differences between these two assays.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    ISSN: 0947-5117
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Description / Table of Contents: Short-duration test for evaluating the influence of heat-treatment and chemical composition on the corrosion resistance of low carbon martensitic chromium nickel (molybdenum) steelsThe following procedures were examined and compared for their suitability as rapid corrosion tests in comparative investigations on the influence of heat treatment and other production parameters on martensitic chromium-nickel-(molybdenum) steels of low carbon content: -Measurement of the mass loss in boiling 20% acetic acid, and in some cases 5% nitric or 1% hydrochloric acid.-Immersion in sulphuric acid/copper sulphate solution (modified Strauss test).-Current density/voltage curves in 1 N sulphuric acid.-Measurement of pitting potential und activation pH in 3% sodium chloride solution (on limited scale).The test materials employed contained 0.032-0.082% carbon, 11.6-16.4% chromium, 3.8-5.9% nickel and 0.31-1.6% molybdenum.The most suitable testing procedures were selected according to the steel type. Up to a mass loss rate of ≥ 0.05 mg · cm-2 · h-1 (materials with resistance inferior to steel type 13-6-1) the acetic acid test provides an excellent basis for comparison. Provided the optimal testing temperature is adopted, current density/voltage curves and immersion in sulphuric acid/copper sulphate solution yield usable results with all steel types investigated. The value of the information yielded by the test procedures is generally enhanced by metallographic characterization of the corroded surfaces; in particular the localization of chromium-depleted structure zones is made possible by this.
    Notes: Folgende Verfahren wurden auf ihre Eignung als Korrosionsschnelltest für vergleichende Untersuchungen zum Einfluß von Wärmebehandlungs- und anderen Herstellungsparametern bei martensitischen Chrom-Nickel-(Molybdän)-Stählen mit tiefem Kohlenstoffgehalt geprüft und einander gegenübergestellt: -Massenverlustmessung in siedender 20%iger Essigsäure und z.T. in 5%iger Salpeter-bzw. 1%iger Salzsäure-Auslagerung in Schwefelsäure-Kupfersulfat-Lösung (modifizierter Strausstest)-Stromdichte-Spannungskurven in 1 N Schwefelsäure-Lochfraßpotential- und Aktivierungs-pH-Messungen in 3%iger Natriumchloridlösung (in beschränktem Umfang).Als Testmaterial dienten Werkstoffe mit 0,032-0,082% Kohlenstoff, 11,6-16,4% Chrom, 3,8-5,9% Nickel und 0,31-1,6% Molybdän.Die günstigsten Prüfverfahren sind je nach Stahltyp auszuwählen. Der Essigsäuretest ergibt bis zu einer Massenverlust rate von ≥ 0,05 mg · cm-2 · h-1 (Werkstoffe mit niedrigerer Beständigkeit als Stahltyp 13-6-1) eine hervorragende Vergleichsbasis. Stromdichte-Spannungskurven sowie Auslagerung in Schwefelsäure-Kupfersulfat-Lösung bei optimal gewählter Prüftemperatur liefern bei allen untersuchten Stahltypen brauchbare Ergebnisse. Durch metallographische Charakterisierung der korrodierten Oberflächen wird die Aussagekraft der Testmethoden allgemein erhöht, wobei insbesondere die Lokalisation chromverarmter Gefügebereiche ermöglicht wird.
    Additional Material: 21 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materials and Corrosion/Werkstoffe und Korrosion 22 (1971), S. 148-157 
    ISSN: 0947-5117
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Description / Table of Contents: Properties and reactions of chromium sulphides as products of the high-temperature corrosion of NiCr2OTiAl (Nimonic 80 A)The sulphide phase on corroded blades of gas turbines (for natural gas and blast furnace gas) has been identified, by means of electron micro-analysis and X-ray diffraction, as CrNi sulphide with variable Ni and Ti content. This sulphide is of the same type as Cr3So4, and the Structure is not affected by the Ti content. At high temperatures, the CrNi(Ti) sulphides undergo transformations in the solide state, giving rise to Cr and Ni sulphides with higher sulphur contents. It has been possible to prove experimentally that the presence of small discs or bars of crNi sulphide amid the NiS was due to the crystallisation of Ni Cr2So4 from a eutectic Ni3S2Ni melt. At temperatures in excess of 750°C, monoclinic Ni0.5Cr2.5S4 is transformed into a hexagonal modification, just as Ni0.5Ti0.3Cr2.2S4.
    Notes: An korrodierten Gasturbinenschaufeln (aus Erdgas- und Gichtgasturbinen) wurde die Sulfidphase mittels Elektronenstrahl-Mikroanalyse und Röntgenbeugung als CrNi-Sulfid mit variablem Ni- und Ti-Gehalt identifiziert. Dies Sulfid ist isotop mit Cr3So4; der Ti-Gehalt verändert die Struktur nicht. Die CrNi(Ti)-Sulfide erleiden bei hohen Temperaturen Umwandlungen im festen Zustand, wobei schwefelreichere Cr-Sulfide und Ni-Sulfide entstehen. Plättchen- und stäbchenförmige CrNi-Sulfide inmitten von NiS sind - wie experimentell nachgewiesen werden konnte - auf Kristallisation von NiCr2S4 aus einer eutektischen Ni3S2-Ni-Schmelze zurückzuführen. Bei Temperaturen 〉 750°C wandelt sich monoklines Ni0,5Cr2,5S4 um in ene hexagonale Modifikation, ebenso wie Ni0,5Ti0,3Cr2,2S4.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik 7 (1976), S. 325-328 
    ISSN: 0933-5137
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Description / Table of Contents: Dilatometric measurements may give a valuable contribution to the treatment of problems in composite materials, which are related to: athermal expansion coefficient: -internal stresses due to differences in the thermal expansion behaviour to the phases-anisotropy of the thermal expansion coefficient in unidirectional or bulk composits-adjustment of the overall thermal expansion coefficient through modification of alloy compositionbphase transformation: -temperature and amount of volume change of the suddenly occuring transformation of one phase influence the internal stressesThe potential of dilatometric measurements when dealing with problems of mechanical compatibility in composite materials is illustrated by several examples taken from the literature and from own work.
    Notes: Die dilatometrische Meßmethode liefert Beiträge zu folgenden Problemen der Verbundwerkstoffe: aAusdehnungskoeffizient -Unterschiedliche Ausdehnungskoeffizienten einzelner Komponenten von Verbundwerkstoffen führen zu Eigenspannungen.-In gerichteten und geschichteten Verbundwerkstoffen sind anisotrope Ausdehnungskoeffizienten zu erwarten.-Verbundwerkstoffe können auch unter dem Gesichtspunkt der gezielten Beeinflussung des Ausdehnungskoeffizienten hergestellt werden. Bei Aluminium können z. B. durch Einlagern von Glas- oder Sitalfasern Werte von 〈 10.10-6 (1/°C) erzielt werden (1).bUmwandlungen Die Umwandlungstemperatur und das Ausmaß der plötzlichen Längenänderung beeinflussen die entstehenden Eigenspannungen.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
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