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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The Gambia: More the people than the place (1976)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 260 (1976), S. 6-6 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] THE 1975 balance sheet for medical research in The Gambia shows a reasonably healthy credit. Not everyone wants to do their medical research in a tiny republic stuck out in the savannah of West Africa, but there are compensations. The research is directly about people: organisms and medical ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/260006a0
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Indirect Haemagglutination Test for Malarial Antibody (1966)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 212 (1966), S. 83-83 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] Assuming the formolized sheep erythrocyte to be a poor vehicle for malarial antigen, attempts were made to sensitize unformolized cells and latex particles. Sheep erythrocytes were washed in physiological saline and used in the form of a 2 per cent suspension. Naked erythrocytes were either ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/212083a0
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Leishmania (1974)
    Palo Alto, Calif. : Annual Reviews
    Annual Review of Microbiology 28 (1974), S. 189-217 
    Details
    ISSN: 0066-4227
    Source: Annual Reviews Electronic Back Volume Collection 1932-2001ff
    Topics: Biology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev.mi.28.100174.001201
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Leishmania mexicana mexicana: Attachment and Uptake of Promastigotes to and by Macrophages In Vitro (1983)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    The @journal of eukaryotic microbiology 30 (1983), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1550-7408
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Promastigotes of Leishmania mexicana mexicana attach to mouse macrophages in vitro in the absence of serum by a wheat germ agglutinin-like ligand on the surface of the promastigote that binds to the N-acetyl glucosamine moiety of a receptor on the surface of the macrophage. The binding is temperature dependent, and the macrophage receptor is trypsin, cytochalasin B, and glutaraldehyde sensitive. The promastigote ligand is proteolytic enzyme and glutaraldehyde insensitive. Uptake follows attachment and is assisted or inhibited as for attachment. Treatment of promastigotes with proteolytic enzymes uncovers a receptor for a serum component that binds strongly to a mouse macrophage receptor in vitro. The strain of mice donating the macrophages had little effect upon attachment and uptake except that A strain mouse macrophages attached fewer promastigotes in 10 min than those of outbred mice, but took up as many promastigotes over 90 min as those of outbred mice. Low responder Biozzi mouse macrophages took up more promastigotes than high responder Biozzi mouse macrophages. Normal unheated human, rabbit, and guinea pig sera lysed promastigotes and so inhibited their attachment to macrophages in vitro. Unheated immune serum showed an enhanced inhibition of attachment. Heated normal serum allowed attachment and uptake, while promastigotes treated with heated immune serum showed enhanced attachment to and uptake by macrophages. Treatment of macrophages in vitro with immune serum enhanced their ability to attach promastigotes and to engulf them. Repeated 90-min exposures of a population of promastigotes to uptake by mouse macrophages in vitro did not deplete the population of any sub-population more likely to be taken by macrophages. The first sub-population to be taken up survived better in macrophages over 24 h than subsequently engulfed sub-populations.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1550-7408.1983.tb02922.x
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Some Parasitic Protozoa from the Gambia (1984)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    The @journal of eukaryotic microbiology 31 (1984), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1550-7408
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: . A new species of Eimeria from the fat-tailed gecko Hemidactylus brookei in Gambia, West Africa, was described and named E. helenae in honor of Mrs. Helen Levine. The oocysts averaged 22.2 μm and each contained four sporocysts (8.0 × 6.9 μm) with two sporozoites per sporocyst. No schizogony or gametogony was discovered in the intestine, suggesting that these stages may occur in the liver or bile cannuli. The oocysts of an adeleid parasite of the insect prey of the centipede Scolopendrium morsitans were described. Plasmodium agamae, an eimeriid hemogregarine, Pirhaemocyton, and a Shellackia-type parasite were found in the blood of agamid lizards. The fruit bat Epomorphorus gambianus was commonly and heavily infected with Hepatocystis epomorphori.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1550-7408.1984.tb05507.x
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    On the Parasitic Protozoa of Liberia. II. The Malaria Parasites of Agamid Lizards. (1959)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    The @journal of eukaryotic microbiology 6 (1959), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1550-7408
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: SYNOPSIS. 45% of the agamid lizards captured in the Harbel area of Liberia harboured haemosporidia. These were Haemamoeba (=Plasmodium) agamae, H. giganteum and a Haemoproteus.A full description of H. agamae and H. giganteum blood forms is made and the discovery is reported of exo-erythrocytic forms of H. agamae in the spleen and of H. giganteum in the brain and liver. One oöcyst of H. agamae is reported in Aedes aegypti.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1550-7408.1959.tb03920.x
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Leishmania: Chemotaxic Responses of Promastigotes and Macrophages In Vitro (1983)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    The @journal of eukaryotic microbiology 30 (1983), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1550-7408
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Promastigotes of Leishmania move progressively up a concentration gradient of: various sugars, specific sugars attracting individual species of Leishmania; serum albumin and another unidentified constituent of serum; hemoglobin; and a factor generated by promastigotes in NNN medium. The movement of promastigotes up a concentration gradient of serum is optimal at a pH of 6.4 to 6.8 and a temperature of 28°C and above. Cholinergic and adrenergic agents did not affect the attraction of serum for promastigotes. and cyclic nucleotides, inflammatory mediators, and macrophage products were not chemotaxic. It is postulated that the sugar chem-otaxins influence the movement of promastigotes from the sand fly midgut to the esophagus, and serum chemotaxins may play a part in the entry of promastigotes into the skin of a mammal from the proboscis.Macrophages, the host cell of the obligate intracellular Leishmania species, were not attracted to any product of promastigotes. When, however, promastigotes interact with serum, complement is activated to form C5a which is chemotaxic for macrophages. Activation of complement by promastigotes is, at least partially, by the alternate pathway. Other chemotaxins resulting from promastigote interaction with serum may also be present. Promastigotes may also produce inhibitors of C5a activity.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1550-7408.1983.tb02923.x
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    On the Parasitic Protozoa of Liberia. I. Coccidia of Some Small Mammals. (1958)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    The @journal of eukaryotic microbiology 5 (1958), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1550-7408
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: SYNOPSIS. Four new species of Eimeria are described from small mammals in Liberia. These are: E. levinei, sp. nov. from a free-tailed bat, E. firestonei, sp. nov., and E. milleri, sp. nov., from a shrew, and E. putevelata, sp. nov., from a striped grass mouse.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1550-7408.1958.tb02530.x
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    On the Parasitic Protozoa of Liberia. III. Three new species of Caryospora Léger, 1904 from the hissing sand snake Psammophis sibilans phillipsi and a note on a Caryospora in Coluber ravergieri nummifer from Israel. (1960)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    The @journal of eukaryotic microbiology 7 (1960), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1550-7408
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Three new species of Caryospora (Coccidiida, Eimeriidae) are described from Psammophis sibilans phillipsi. These are C. psammophi sp. nov.: oöcysts with yellow walls, 25 to 34 μ. ×23 to 31 μ C. hermae sp. nov.: oöcysts with colorless walls, 21 to 24 μ× 20 to 22 p) and C. weyerae sp. nov.: oocysts with colorless walls, 14 to 18 μ× 13 to 17 μ, Endogenous stages of all three parasites are found in epithelial cells of the small intestine of the snake.A Caryospora from Israel is described and named C. zucker-manae sp. nov.: oöcysts spherical with outer wall crumpled. 15 to 18 μ
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1550-7408.1960.tb05976.x
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The Susceptibility of the Higher Primates to Piroplasms (1959)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    The @journal of eukaryotic microbiology 6 (1959), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1550-7408
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: SYNOPSIS. The chimpanzee is shown to behave like man to infection with Babesia divergens or bovis: the intact animal is totally resistant, whereas the splenectomized animal develops a fulminating infection accompanied by blackwater. The splenectomized rhesus monkey reacts in the same way also, but splenectomized rabbits are insusceptible. In the chimpanzee the typical accolé position of the “divergens” organisms (as seen in cattle) is absent, but occurs in the rhesus. It is suggested that latent piroplasmosis in man may exist on a large scale in rural populations in infected localities.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1550-7408.1959.tb04383.x
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