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  • 1
    Publication Date: 2014-03-01
    Description: . Recent research projects on the Guarani Aquifer System (GAS-granular), Paraná Basin, Brazil, have been evaluating the tectonic control and its hydrogeological potential, flow patterns, chemical properties and environmental protection aspects.One of this projects is the present research that has investigated a structured area in central State of Paraná of about 23,000 km2, delimited by coordinates 24◦00’S and 25◦00’S, 51◦00’W and 53◦00’W. The study involves Geographic Information System (GIS) integration of aeromagnetic, geological and structural characterization of lineaments based on Digital Elevation Model (DEM) and Landsat images, hydrogeological and hydrochemical data. Basaltic flows and diabase dikes (NW-SE) of the Serra Geral Formation (Lower Cretaceous) predominate in the studied area. These rocks correspond to the overlying Serra Geral Aquifer System (SGAS-fractured). The purpose of the study is to investigate the structural control on both flow and chemism of SGAS groundwater and also to identify fractures that might represent hydraulic connectivity zones to the underlying GAS. Processing and interpretation of aeromagnetic data using various techniques, useful for enhancing shallow sources, and integration with further remote sensing and geological data, allowed to outline the regional structural framework, which is characterized by a mosaic of tectonic blocks delimited by NW-SE (diabase dykes) and NE-SW (Paraná Basin basement) structures. This magnetic-structural framework was compared with the spatial distribution of hydrogeological and hydrochemical parameters. The integrated interpretations made it possible to recognize the structural control on hydrogeology and hydrochemistry of the SGAS and SAG. The results, presented in a georeferenced map, show the main zones of confinement and/or connection of SGAS and GAS. Keywords: Guarani Aquifer System, Serra Geral Aquifer System, Paran´a Basin, hydraulic connection, aeromagnetometry.  RESUMO. Projetos recentes de pesquisa no Sistema Aquífero Guarani (SAG-granular), Bacia do Paraná, Brasil, têm avaliado o controle tectônico e seu potencial hidrogeológico, padrões de fluxo, propriedades químicas e aspectos de proteção ambiental. Um destes projetos é a presente pesquisa, a qual investigou uma área estruturada na região central do Estado do Paraná, delimitada pelas coordenadas 24◦00’S e 25◦00’S, 51◦00’W e 53◦00’W, com aproximadamente 23.000 km2. O estudo envolve integrações em Sistema de Informações Geográficas (SIG) de dados aeromagnéticos, geológicos, estruturais Modelo Digital de Elevação (MDE) e imagens Landsat, hidrogeológicos e hidroquímicos. Lavas basálticas e diques de diabásio (NW-SE) da Formação Serra Geral (Cretáceo Inferior) predominam na área estudada. Estas rochas correspondem ao Sistema Aquífero Serra Geral (SASG-fraturado), sobrejacente. O objetivo do estudo ´e investigar o controle estrutural do fluxo e do quimismo das águas subterrâneas do SASG e identificar também fraturas que possam representar zonas de conexão hidráulica com o SAG subjacente. Processamentos e interpretações de dados aeromagnéticos, a partir de várias técnicas, e a integração com dados de outros sensores remotos e geológicos permitiram a composição de um arcabouço estrutural regional, o qual é caracterizado por um mosaico de blocos tectônicos limitados por estruturas NW-SE (diques de diabásio) e NE-SW (embasamento da Bacia do Paraná). Este novo arcabouço magnético-estrutural foi comparado com a distribuição espacial dos parâmetros hidrogeológicos e hidroquímicos. A interpretação integrada permitiu reconhecer o controle estrutural da hidrogeologia/hidroquímica dos SASG e SAG. Os resultados, apresentados em um mapa georreferenciado, mostram as principais zonas de confinamento e/ou conexão dos SASG e SAG. Palavras-chave: Sistema Aquífero Guarani, Sistema Aquífero Serra Geral, Bacia do Paraná, conexão hidráulica, aeromagnetometria.
    Electronic ISSN: 1809-4511
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
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  • 2
    Publication Date: 2013-09-01
    Description: . In this paper we present the GRAV MAG PRISM code to generate synthetic gravity and magnetic anomalies from rectangular prismatic bodies with arbitrary dimensions, densities and magnetizations. The code has been developed in a MATLAB/OCTAVE environment and provides a graphical and a numerical output, as well. The data are written in xyz (ASCII) format and can be contaminated with noise. We also summarize the theory and show some examples of the program’s applications. The code can be used for research and educational purposes and is freely-distributed by the authors on request.Keywords: gravity and magnetic anomalies, potential-field modeling, program. RESUMO. Neste trabalho é apresentado o programa GRAV MAG PRISM, o qual gera anomalias de gravidade e magnéticas sintéticas a partir de corpos prismáticos retangulares com dimensões, densidades e magnetizações arbitrárias. O código foi desenvolvido em ambiente MATLAB/OCTAVE, com saídas gráficas e numéricas. Os dados são escritos no formato xyz (ASCII) e podem ser contaminados por ruídos. Neste trabalho também é apresentado um resumo da teoria e alguns exemplos de aplicação do programa. O código acompanha um tutorial e pode ser utilizado para fins educacionais e de pesquisa, sendo de distribuição gratuita através de solicitação aos autores.Palavras-chave: anomalias gravimétricas e magnéticas, modelagem de campos potenciais, programa.
    Electronic ISSN: 1809-4511
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
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  • 3
    Publication Date: 2012-09-01
    Description: The purpose of this article is to describe the work carried out for evaluating enhancement techniques of magnetic anomalies applying the reduction-to-the-pole method and its implications for structural interpretation of a region located in low magnetic latitude. With this objective, the answer given by several data enhancement methods with and without reduction-to-the-pole was analyzed. These methods were applied to synthetic prisms located at low magnetic latitudes similar to the area of analysis and the resulting anomalies were compared to those calculated at the magnetic pole. The synthetic data has been generated from a program that calculates the anomalies from prisms with arbitrary dimensions, susceptibilities and depths. The enhancement methods were also applied to magnetic data of rocks from the Amazon Basin and the Amazonian Craton, in the Itaituba region, Par´a state, northern Brazil. The reduction-to-the-pole algorithm applied to synthetic data during this work improved the performance of the enhancement methods, once, after its application, the maximum amplitude of the transformed anomalies were positioned over the edges of the sources, facilitating magnetic-structural interpretation. Good correlation among magnetic lineaments – particularly those inferred by the recently proposed tilt derivative of the total horizontal gradient method – and the already interpreted geologic structures back up the reduction to the pole indicating it may be applied even when data is collected in low magnetic latitudes.
    Electronic ISSN: 1809-4511
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
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