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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The fate of early fungal colonizers in beech branches decomposing on the forest floor (1988)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    FEMS microbiology letters 53 (1988), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1574-6968
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The dynamics of fungal colonization and species composition of freshly felled lengths of beech branches was monitored at nine deciduous woodland sites in south-west Britain, over a period of 70 weeks. Overall colonization rate was similar on most sites. On two sites which were studied in more detail, colonization data were partitioned between species which are latently present and those which are not. Fungi which were present latently developed rapidly and then began to decline after 32 to 64 weeks, whereas other colonizers developed more slowly and did not decline during the experiment. Cumulative species number data indicated a continuous recruitment of species for at least 70 weeks.Floristic composition of branches on all time sites was generally similar, although some species were found on only one or a few sites and then usually their frequency and abundance were low. Differences were detected in decay rate at different sites, which were presumably attributable to both site factors and decay organisms. Significant differences (P 〈 0.05) in decay rate were detected between branches which were and those which were not colonized by basidiomycetes.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1574-6968.1988.tb02673.x-i1
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effects of oxygen, pH and nitrate concentration on denitrification by Pseudomonas species (1994)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    FEMS microbiology letters 118 (1994), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1574-6968
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The production of nitrogen-containing gases by denitrification in three organisms was examined using membrane inlet mass spectrometry. The effects of O2 (during both growth and maintenance) and of pH, nitrate concentration and carbon source were tested in non-proliferating cell suspensions. Two strains of Pseudomonas aeruginosa were capable of co-respiration of NO3− and O2 and, under controlled O2 supply, gave oscillatory denitrification. Variations in culture and assay conditions affected both the rate of denitrification and the ratio of end products (N2O:N2). Higher rates were seen following anaerobic growth. Optimum values of pH and nitrate concentration for denitrification are given. Generally, the optimum pH was 7.0–7.5, approximately that of the growth medium. Optimum nitrate concentration was generally 20 mM.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1574-6968.1994.tb06823.x
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Mass spectrometry as en ecological tool for in situ measurement of dissolved gases in sediment systems (1986)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    FEMS microbiology letters 38 (1986), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1574-6968
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The use of membrane-inlet quadrupole mass spectrometry, as a method for quantitative monitoring of dissolved gases in natural or semi-natural environments, is described. Its advantages over other methods lie in the fact that it provides an accurate, sensitive means for non-invasive, continuous analysis of several dissolved gases simultaneously. The potential of mass spectrometry as an ecological tool is illustrated by representative results from measurements made on undisturbed and experimentally amended estuarine and fresh-water sediments.Dissolved gas profiles from the surface to a depth of 10 cm in the estuarine sediment showed that the dissolved oxygen decreased gradually until at 10 cm it was undetectable (〈 0.25 μM); dinitrogen reached a maximum at 6 cm, where oxygen was 20 μM. In a fresh-water sediment, methane reached 1.5 mM at 10 cm depth. NOx was also detected; quantitation of carbon dioxide necessitates a correction for the contribution of NOx. Manipulation of conditions (gas phase, nitrogen and carbon sources) permitted ecological modelling.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1574-6968.1986.tb01933.x
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Extracellular enzyme localization during interspecific fungal interactions (1992)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    FEMS microbiology letters 98 (1992), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1574-6968
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Confronted colonies of Phlebia radiata, P. rufa, Coriolus versicolor, Stereum hirsutum, Phanerochaete velutina and Hypholoma fasciculare showed spatially and temporally heterogeneous patterns of loccase-α-naphthol and peroxidase activities. These activities were coincident in axenic cultures. but were not always so during interaction. Confrontation between species resulted in induction of phenoloxidase activities, even within coenocytic colony regions of Phlebia species which were normally void of such activities in axenic culture. These events resulted in restriction of C. versicolor growth during interaction with P. rufa.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1574-6968.1992.tb05493.x
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effect of soil and litter type on outgrowth patterns of mycelial systems of Phanerochaete velutina (1996)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    FEMS microbiology ecology 20 (1996), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1574-6941
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract: The outgrowth patterns of Phanerochaete velutina from woody resources varied depending on the soil/litter type. There were clear differences in mycelial extension rate, time between contact with and emergence from baits, mycelial biomass, and extra-resource mycelial responses to contact with new resources depending on soil type, though there was little difference between fractal dimension, i.e. space filling, of mycelia with time or soil/litter type. In a few replicates, particularly in components from the Lawson's cypress stand, mycelia sometimes became brownish colour, ceased growth and eventually disintegrated. In litter the pattern of mycelial development was quite different from that in soil due to subsurface growth in which needles were often colonised. In humus, mycelial development was somewhat similar to that in soil.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1574-6941.1996.tb00318.x
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Small scale variation in decay rate within logs one year after felling: Effect of fungal community structure and moisture content (1989)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    FEMS microbiology letters 62 (1989), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1574-6968
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Fungal species composition, moisture content, percentage weight loss, and instantaneous decay rate (expressed by rate of CO2 evolution) was assessed for a total of 186 8 cm3 cubes from 10 beech logs which had been decomposing on the forest floor for 14 months. There was considerable within and between branch variation in decay rate and water content. Water content at the time of sampling was not directly correlated with percentage weight loss or instantaneous decay rate, nor was it correlated with position in the log. However, wood occupied by Ascomycotina (other than Nectria) tended to be drier than that occupied by Basidiomycotina. In particular wood occupied by Xylaria hypoxylon was drier than that occupied by all other species, although wood in which X. hypoxylon was replacing other fungi was wetter than when X. hypoxylon was alone. Variation in percentage weight loss could not be explained in terms of water content and fungal species composition at the time of sampling, but variation in instantaneous decay rate could. Thus, decay rate by Ascomycotina was significantly less (P 〈 0.05) than by Basidiomycotina, and rate of CO2 evolution from wood occupied by X. hypoxylon alone was significantly slower than from wood in which X. hypoxylon was replacing H. fragiforme or Nectria. The latter was partially correlated with water content but whether this is a cause and effect relationship is uncertain.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1574-6968.1989.tb03691.x
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Foraging patterns of Phallus impudicus, Phanerochaete laevis and Steccherinum fimbriatum between discontinuous resource units in soil (1988)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    FEMS microbiology letters 53 (1988), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1574-6968
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Wood blocks colonised by the basidiomycetes Phallus impudicus, Phanerochaete laevis and Steccherinum fimbriatum were placed individually in plastic trays containing moist, unsterilised soil. All three fungi grew out radially from the inoculum blocks, forming networks of mycelial cords. Outgrowth patterns of P. impudicus and P. laevis were similar in controls to those in experiments where a second uncolonised wood block was placed as a ‘bait’ several centimetres away from the inoculum block. However, contact with the bait by S. fimbriatum resulted in marked changes in growth pattern. These changes included cessation of radial extension from the inoculum, thickening of connective mycelium between inoculum and bait, outgrowth from the bait in the original direction of travel and regression of non-connective mycelium. These observations emphasize the collective organisation of mycelial systems and the differences in their growth pattern which can arise from varying foraging strategies.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1574-6968.1988.tb02675.x-i1
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Structure and development of fungal communities in beech logs four and a half years after felling (1988)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    FEMS microbiology letters 53 (1988), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1574-6968
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1574-6968.1988.tb02648.x
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Persistence of bacterial denitrification capacity under aerobic conditions: The rule rather than the exception (1987)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    FEMS microbiology letters 45 (1987), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1574-6968
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Bacterial decomposition of nitrate to dinitrogen and oxides of nitrogen, essential steps in the nitrogen cycle, are regarded as predominantly anaerobic processes. However, here we have shown, using simultaneous mass spectrometric monitoring of dissolved N2, NOx and O2, that in the laboratory a number of different bacteria can denitrify, even when O2 concentrations approach or exceed air saturation values. The proportions of gaseous end products vary from one organism to another and depend on the level of dissolved O2. We, therefore, suggest that aerobic bacterial denitrification, with the production of N2 and/or NOx, may, contrary to the beliefs of many, be as widespread and ecologically important as its anaerobic counterpart.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1574-6968.1987.tb02354.x
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Temporary parasitism of Coriolus spp. by Lenzites betulina: A strategy for domain capture in wood decay fungi (1987)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    FEMS microbiology letters 45 (1987), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1574-6968
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Temporary parasitism by individual of the wood-decaying basidiomycete Lenzites betulina allows them to gain selective access to wood occupied by populations of pioneer basidiomycete colonisers in the genus Coriolus. Pseudotrametes gibbosa is similarly temporarily parasitic on species of Bjerkandera. This strategy facilitates possession by the parasites of a large mycelial domain, which in turn allows them to produce large sporophores with a high reproductive output. This behaviour strongly resembles that of strangler figs and temporary social parasitism in ants.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1574-6968.1987.tb02338.x
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