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  • 1
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] The recent identification of large deposits of sulphates by remote sensing and in situ observations has been considered evidence of the past presence of liquid water on Mars. Here we report the unambiguous detection of diverse phyllosilicates, a family of aqueous alteration products, on the basis ...
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature medicine 1 (1995), S. 747-748 
    ISSN: 1546-170X
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: [Auszug] Cancer research conducted over the past two decades has determined that the abnormal growth properties of tumour cells usually result from a series of mutatipnal events that include activation of oncogenes and inactivation of tumour suppressor genes1. In theory, the molecular identification of the ...
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  • 3
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] The mutants were derived by making small deletions in a parental recombinant plasmid (Fig. 1) that contained the Ha-MuSV transforming region (the viral long terminal repeat (LTR) plus v-ra$H)13. The herpes simplex virus (HSV) thymidine kinase (tk) gene14 was included as a linked selectable ...
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 341 (1989), S. 384-385 
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] NORMAL Ras proteins encoded by the ros genes and oncogenic Ras proteins en-coded by mutated ros genes (oncogenes) are synthesized as a precursor in the cell cytoplasm and then modified and trans-located to the cytoplasmic face of the cell's outer membrane1. Localization to the membrane is critical ...
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  • 5
    ISSN: 1573-093X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract After one year of almost flawless operation on board the SOHO spacecraft poised at L1 Lagrange point, we report the main features of SWAN observations. SWAN is mainly dedicated to the monitoring of the latitude distribution of the solar wind by the Lα method. Maps of sky Lα emissions were recorded througout the year. The region of maximum emission, located in the upwind hemisphere, deviates strongly from the pattern that could be expected from a solar wind constant with latitude. It is divided into two lobes by a depression aligned with the solar equatorial plane called the Lyα groove already noted in 1976 Prognoz data. The north lobe is much brighter than the south lobe. These two characteristics can be explained qualitatively by an enhanced ionization along the neutral sheet where the slow solar wind is concentrated, which results from the higher low-latitude solar wind mass flux as measured by Ulysses. The groove is the direct imprint on the sky of the enhanced carving by the slow solar wind, at this time of solar minimum, when the tilt angle of the neutral sheet is small. The question is still pending to predict what will happen with the ascending phase of the solar cycle. Observations of comets are briefly mentioned, with the ability of SWAN to monitor the H2O production of many comets. Operations of the instrument are briefly described, including some instrumental problems which could be solved by software modifications sent to the instrument.
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  • 6
    ISSN: 1573-093X
    Keywords: solar wind ; interplanetary hydrogen ; interstellar wind
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract On board the SOHO spacecraft poised at L1 Lagrange point, the SWAN instrument is mainly devoted to the measurement of large scale structures of the solar wind, and in particular the distribution with heliographic latitude of the solar wind mass flux. This is obtained from an intensity map of the sky Lymanα emission, which reflects the shape of the ionization cavity carved in the flow of interstellar H atoms by the solar wind. The methodology, inversion procedure and related complications are described. The subject of latitude variation of the solar wind is shortly reviewed: earlier Lymanα results from Prognoz in 1976 are confirmed by Ulysses. The importance of the actual value of the solar wind mass flux for the equation of dynamics in a polar coronal hole is stressed. The instrument is composed of one electronic unit commanding two identical Sensor Units, each of them allowing to map a full hemisphere with a resolution of 1°, thanks to a two-mirrors periscope system. The design is described in some details, and the rationale for choice between several variants are discussed. A hydrogen absorption cell is used to measure the shape of the interplanetary Lymanα line and other Lyman α emissions. Other types of observations are also discussed : the geocorona, comets (old and new), the solar corona, and a possible signature of the heliopause. The connexion with some other SOHO instruments, in particular LASCO, UVCS, SUMER, is briefly discussed.
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Mycopathologia 62 (1977), S. 167-172 
    ISSN: 1573-0832
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary The influence of cycloheximide on the chemical composition of the cell walls of two Rhodotorula yeasts, cultivated during 24 and 96 hours in two different media, has been studied. The composition, of the neutral sugars varies only weakly with the age of the cells, the determination of the molar ratio revealing only a little increase of mannose. Hexosamine and aminoacids contents in Rhodotorula glutinis cells distinctly increase in old cells; this variation does not appear in Rhodotorula rubra. The content of chitine depends on the culture conditions but not on the age of cells, except with Rhodotorula glutinis. The influence of cycloheximide on the chemical structure is responsable of a general decrease of protein and a perturbation of the concentration of the different aminoacids. The molar ratio of the neutral sugars indicates a decrease of galactose in the cell walls. The values of hexosamine are also lower; the decrease of chitine is especialy appearant when the cells are cultivated in a medium which normaly favors the synthesis of this polymer, but there is no direct relation between the decrease of hexosamin and chitin.
    Notes: Résumé L'influence du cycloheximide sur la composition chimique des parois de deux levures Rhodotorula après 24 heures et 4 jours de croissance dans deux milieux de culture différents a été étudiée. La composition en glucides neutres ne varie que faiblement en fonction de l'âge des cellules, la détermination du rapport des oses neutres n'indiquant qu'un léger enrichissement en mannose dans les parois des cellules âgées. Chez Rhodotorula glutinis, les teneurs en hexosamines et aminoacides augmentent nettement en fonction de l'âge des cellules, cette variation ne se produit pas chez Rhodotorula rubra. Les teneurs en chitine sont dépendantes de la nature du milieu de culture mais non de l'âge des cellules sauf chez Rhodotorula glutinis. L'influence du cycloheximide sur la composition chimique se traduit par une baisse globale en protéines et par une perturbation des concentrations d'aminoacides. Le rapport molaire des oses neutres indique une baisse systématique du galactose. Les valeurs des hexosamines sont également plus faibles; la diminution de la chitine est surtout très nette lorsque les cellules se développent dans un milieu normalement favorable à son élaboration, cependant il n'apparaît pas de relation directe entre les baisses des teneurs en hexosamines et en chitine.
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of materials science 10 (1991), S. 573-574 
    ISSN: 1573-4811
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
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  • 9
    ISSN: 1617-4623
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary Mutants in thespoT gene have been isolated as stringent second site revertants of therelC mutation. These show varying degrees of the characteristics associated with thespoT1 gene,viz relative amount and absolute levels of both pppGpp and ppGpp and the decay rate of the latter. The entry of3H-guanosine into GTP and ppGpp pools inspoT + andspoT1 cells either growing exponentially or during amino acid starvation was determined, and the rate of ppGpp synthesis and its decay constant calculated. During exponential growth the ppGpp pool is 2-fold higher, its decay constant 10-fold lower, and its synthesis rate 5-fold lower inspoT - than inspoT + cells; during amino acid starvation the ppGpp pool is 2-fold higher, its decay constant 20-fold lower, and its synthesis rate 10-fold lower inspoT than inspoT + cells. In one of the “intermediate”spoT mutants the rate of entry of3H-guanosine into GTP, ppGpp and pppGpp was measured during amino acid starvation. The data form the basis of a model for the interconversion of the guanosine nucleotides in which the flow is:GDP→GTP→pppGpp→ppGpp→Y. Calculations of the rates of synthesis and conversion of pppGpp and ppGpp under various conditions in variousspoT + andspoT - strains indicate that the ppGpp concentration indirectly controls the rate of pppGpp synthesis. ThespoT1 allele was introduced into various relaxed mutants. It was shown that many phenomena associated with the relaxed response ofrelC and “intermediate”relA mutants were phenotypically suppressed when thespoT1 allele was introduced into these mutants. These double mutants exhibit ppGpp accumulation, rate of RNA accumulation, rate of β-galactosidase synthesis, and heat lability of β-galactosidase synthesized during amino acid starvation similar to the stringent wild-type. It is concluded that the relaxed response is due directly to the lack of ppGpp and that the stringest response is due directly to ppGpp.
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  • 10
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