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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Crack-tip energy absorption processes in fibre composites (1985)
    Springer
    Journal of materials science 20 (1985), S. 2735-2749 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-4803
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract Energy-absorbing processes which operate at the tip of a crack in lamina within a composite are investigated. Previous models are reviewed and revised to take account of new analyses of debonding and pull-out processes. The toughness of the lamina is then predicted using the new models and compared with the properties of the fibre, matrix and interface. Results are presented in the form of a fracture map which clearly shows the effect of constituent material properties on the lamina toughness. A parametric study identifies important variables which affect the toughness, impact performance, and notch sensitivity of laminates.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00553035
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Dynamic studies of peel failure in metallized polyester films (1986)
    Springer
    Journal of materials science 21 (1986), S. 314-320 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-4803
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract Peel failure in PET-aluminium-PET laminates has been studied by dynamic scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The mechanisms of failure are identified, and dynamic observations correlated with conventional SEM fractography. Plastic deformation is highly localized in a region several microns thick. In well-bonded regions the “peel crack” propagates by an advance microcracking mechanism, allowing changes of fracture plane which are accompanied by the formation, extension and breakage of ligaments drawn out from the surface layers of PET. The origin of localized deformation and possible factors affecting the locus of failure are dicussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01144738
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    On the toughness of particulate filled polymers (1985)
    Springer
    Journal of materials science 20 (1985), S. 3668-3674 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-4803
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract An approach for predicting trends in the toughness of particulate filled polymers has been presented. The approach is based on independent knowledge of the constitutive law that describes the non-linear behaviour in the process zone. An idealized law is used to demonstrate expected trends with particulate volume fraction and size. The trends are correlated with experimental data. Some discussion of the non-linear process zone mechanisms, such as debonding and microcracking, is presented as a basis for developing more realistic constitutive laws and hence, providing superior predictions of toughness.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01113774
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Direct observations of dynamic fracture mechanisms in polymeric materials (1984)
    Springer
    Journal of materials science 3 (1984), S. 961-964 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-4811
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00720329
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Direct observations of crack propagation in brittle materials (1983)
    Springer
    Journal of materials science 2 (1983), S. 613-616 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-4811
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00719875
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The toughness of a composite containing short brittle fibres (1988)
    Springer
    Journal of materials science 23 (1988), S. 1274-1278 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-4803
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract A method is presented whereby various potential contributions to the toughness of a polymer containing short brittle fibres can be quantified. It relies on a model for predicting the cumulative probability distribution of fibre pull-out lengths. The method reveals that toughness increases to a maximum value with increasing fibre length. Good agreement between theory and experiment supports the validity of our approach.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01154590
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Plaster of Paris as a model material for brittle porous solids (1993)
    Springer
    Journal of materials science 28 (1993), S. 3221-3227 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-4803
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract Plaster of Paris is a brittle, porous solid, easy to shape, which has potential as a model material for the study of brittle, porous, solids such as ceramics, rocks and cement. This paper describes the mechanical properties of plaster of Paris — modulus, strength, fracture toughness, etc. — as a function of porosity. The material is then used to study the initiation and propagation of cracks in compression, as a function of porosity, stress state and stress concentration.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00354239
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Modulus-maps for amorphous polymers (1986)
    Springer
    Journal of materials science 21 (1986), S. 3194-3210 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-4803
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract This paper explores the possibility of constructing modulus-mechanism maps for amorphous polymers. Four regimes are identified: the glassy regime, the visco-elastic regime, the rubbery regime and the regime of viscous flow (melting), truncated by decomposition. Constitutive laws for each regime are assembled and adapted to give a good description of a large body of experimental data for amorphous polymethylmethacrylate and polystyrene. The adjusted laws are then used to construct diagrams which relate the time and temperature-dependent modulus,E(t, T), to the temperature and the loading time (or frequency). The diagrams are divided into fields corresponding to the four regimes. A diagram summarizes the small-strain mechanical behaviour of the polymer over a wide range of conditions.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00553357
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Direct observation of the fracture of CAS-Glass/SiC composites (1994)
    Springer
    Journal of materials science 29 (1994), S. 3643-3652 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-4803
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract The fracture of ceramic-matrix composites is frequently complex, involving the evolution of subcritical damage which strongly affects the final failure process, and which is very specimen dependent. In this and a companion paper, observations of fracture mechanisms are described for a calcium-alumino-silicate (CAS) glass reinforced with SiC fibres. The tests were principally undertaken dynamically in situ within a scanning electron microscope. This technique enables detailed characterization of the subcritical damage and of the crack interactions which occur prior to final failure. It is shown that meaningful modelling of fracture processes in these materials generally requires this level of detail in identifying the micromechanisms. This paper describes a preliminary evaluation of the unnotched tensile response of the material, followed by in situ observations on two common delamination geometries: four-point bending and double cantilever beam. The tensile behaviour of edge-notched specimens is described in the companion paper.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00357330
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Dynamic observation of fracture in particulate-filled epoxy resins reinforced with rubber (1991)
    Springer
    Journal of materials science 26 (1991), S. 4527-4533 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-4803
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract Crack propagation in epoxy resins filled with alumina trihydrate has been observed by dynamic in situ scanning electron microscopy. Double torsion specimens were fractured inside a scanning electron microscope (SEM) connected to a video recorder. Characteristic features of the crack propagation process were observed. The fracture mode was mainly intergranular at low crack velocities, (ca. 10 μm/s) with evidence of filler particle cracking (transgranular fracture) at higher velocities or after acid-washing the particles. Extensive shear yielding of the epoxy matrix occurred between closely spaced filler particles within the crack tip damage zone. Post-mortem static observations of the fracture surfaces were also carried out. The addition of rubber toughening agents modified the crack propagation process. In some cases the rubber was present as fine, evenly distributed particles while in others there were coarser precipitates and/or what appeared to be rubber-rich epoxy phases. Ligamentary bridges across crack faces in the crack wake necked to fracture at low crack velocities but failed by cavitation under rapid loading. Energy dissipation by local shear yielding of the matrix was still prominent. Vinyl terminated rubber addition induced especially widespread yielding. Out-of-SEM determinations of tensile and fracture parameters were consistent with dynamic SEM observations.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00543676
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