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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Growth and production of five species of Ephemeroptera larvae from an experimental recirculating stream (1982)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Freshwater biology 12 (1982), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2427
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: SUMMARY. The production and growth of the larvae of five species of Ephemeroptera in an experimental recirculating stream-channel are described. The most abundant species were Baetis rhodani, which achieved a maximum population density of c. 29,000 m-2 in August, and Ephemerella ignita which reached a density of c. 13,000 m-2 in the spring. Three other common speeies, Paraleptophlebia submarginata, Centroptilum luteolum and Caenis rivulorum were present at lower densities (〈 1000 m-2). B. rhodani had five cohorts in a year whilst C. luteolum had two or possibly three. E. ignita, C. rivulorum and P. submarginata were univoltine. Mean speeifie growth rates were calculated for each species, the maximum being 3.26±0.49% length day-1 for E. ignita (3 April—15 May). Production of each of these five species of Ephemeroptera was calculated giving a total annual production of 10.2 g dry wt m-2 (computational method).
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2427.1982.tb00607.x
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Studies on Chironomidae in experimental recirculating stream systems. II. The growth, development and production of a spring generation of Orthocladius (Euorthodadius) calvus Pinder (1985)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Freshwater biology 15 (1985), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2427
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: SUMMARY. 〈list xml:id="l1" style="custom"〉1 Orthodadius (Euorthodadius) calvus Pinder. similar to Orthocladius (Euorthodadius) thienemanni Kieffer. colonized a new gravel substratum in two recirculating stream channels. A maximum population density of 68.621 m-2 was attained after only 16 days. This had fallen to a negligible density by the thirty-third day.2Some recruitment occurred over most of the study period (April-May 1981) and no single sharply defined cohort was evident. There was a large range of body lengths within each instar. and considerable overlap between instars. The population density estimates for instars I and II were low compared with instars III and IV.3The relationship between instantaneous growth rate (g) and geometric mean length indicated that growth was best described by a Gompertz curve. Growth rate decreased with increasing length from a value of about 40% length day-1 at 2 mm body length to about 5% length day-1 at 9 mm.4Growth rates for individual larvae, kept in culture, were very variable with maximum rates close to the values determined from the field data. Mean duration of larval life was 16 days.5Estimates of production for the study period ranged from 13.5 g dry wt m-2 (Channel III, size-frequency method) to 34.2 g dry wt m-2 (Channel II, Allen's graphical method, values corrected for non-linear growth).6Gut contents were estimated to represent about 55% of the total weight therefore production values should be reduced by this amount.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2427.1985.tb00197.x
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Ontogenetic induced shifts in the ecology of sunbleak Leucaspius delineatus during early development (2005)
    Oxford, UK; Malden, USA : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Journal of fish biology 67 (2005), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1095-8649
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Using the non-native sunbleak Leucaspius delineatus as a model, the relationship between ontogeny and ecology was studied with a view to identifying specific morphological and physiological processes involved in influencing ecological niche shifts. Following a predefined saltatory model for the early ontogeny of sunbleak, field studies examined the temporal use of microhabitat, diet and morphological changes throughout early development. Following a dramatic shift in both morphology and ecology between the free embryo phase and the larval period, habitat use and diet showed little change during the larval period, with habitat use confined to marginal, vegetated areas and prey items associated with these habitats well represented in the diet. During the final larval step (L5), transition to the juvenile period resulted in the stabilization of relative growth, acquisition of the adult morphotype and was associated with a clear shift in diet and habitat use. During this period, sunbleak moved for the first time into open, deeper water, away from the banks, and utilized a similar range of food items to the adults. Specific relationships between form and function are further discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.0022-1112.2005.00917.x
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Studies on Ephemerella ignita (Poda) in a chalk stream in Southern England (1976)
    Springer
    Hydrobiologia 49 (1976), S. 117-121 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5117
    Keywords: Ephemeroptera ; Ephemerella ignita ; Chalk stream fauna
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The nymphs ofEphemerella ignita occurred in all months except October in the Bere Stream at Bere Heath, a small chalk stream in Southern England. Peak densities of 1,498 m−2 and 753 m−2 were recorded in May by two sampling methods used simultaneously. The seasonal patterns of growth and abundance are compared with the findings of other authors. A maximum biomass of 0.82 g m−2 preserved dry weight is compared with figures for two of the most common invertebrate groups present; the Simuliidae and Oligochaeta.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00772681
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A new species of Metacnephia Crosskey (Diptera: Simuliidae) from the south of England, with notes on its habitat and biology (1975)
    Springer
    Hydrobiologia 47 (1975), S. 193-207 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5117
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Since the report of (Simulium) tredecimatum from “the stomach of a trout, England” no specimens of the genus Metacnephia have been reported from the British Isles. A full account of the morphological features of the larvae, pupae and adults of a new species, Metacnephia amphora is given together with a brief account of its larval growth and presence on a wide range of substrata in a small, temporary stream.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00039054
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Studies on production and food consumption by the larval simuliidae (Diptera) of a chalk stream (1972)
    Springer
    Hydrobiologia 39 (1972), S. 429-448 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5117
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary Large populations of S. ornatum and S. equinum inhabit Ranunculus plants in the Bere Stream at Bere Heath. A weekly sampling programme obtained both larvae and pupae. The results of weekly sampling indicated four annual generations of S. ornatum and three of S. equinum. Quantitative samples of larvae, obtained at least three times in each generation gave estimates of production ranging from 0.26 g to 2.75 g dry weight m-2 per generation of larvae of S. equinum and 0.15 g to 1.19 g dry weight m-2 per generation of larvae of S. ornatum. Retention times of food by larvae, under field conditions were in the order of twenty to thirty minutes. Following determination of the weight of the gut contents for each size class of larvae, the activity of feeding larvae was calculated to achieve complete theoretical clearance of suspended material in a distance of 0.6 km, at peak population densities in the summer months.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00046654
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Predation by Sycanus indagator on larvae of Galleria mellonella and Spodoptera frugiperda (1974)
    Springer
    Entomologia experimentalis et applicata 17 (1974), S. 143-148 
    Details
    ISSN: 1570-7458
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Description / Table of Contents: Résumé Sycanus indagator, (Hemiptera: reduviidae), prédateur importé de l'Inde, préfère les larves de Galleria mellonella aux larves de Spodoptera frugiperda lorsqu'on lui donne le choix, au laboratoire. S. indagator semble s'alimenter de façon intermittente plutôt que de façon continue. La régression linéaire du nombre de proies effectivement attaquées par rapport au nombre prévu d'après la formule de Hollings (1966) a révélé une corrélation significative après 5 jours de jeûne, mais pas après 8 jours de jeûne. En ce qui concerne les réactions des prédateurs à l'égard des proies, les paramètres étudiés ont permis de constater une diminution générale dans les activités de capture et de consommation des proies après un jeûne prolongé (8 jours). La perte de poids chez un S. indagator rassasié est un processus cyclique, le pourcentage de perte le plus élevé se produisant durant les 8 premières heures. S. indagator avait perdu 65% de son poids corporel total à la fin d'une période de jeûne de 184 heures.
    Notes: Abstract Sycanus indagator (Stål), a reduviid predator imported from India, preferred greater wax moth larvae (Galleria mellonella (L.)), to larvae of the fall armyworm (Spodoptera frugiperda (J. E. Smith)) when given a choice in the laboratory. Feeding to satiation by S. indagator appears to be intermittent rather than a sustained process. Linear regressions of the observed number of prey attacked on predicted number attacked using Holling's (1966) formula revealed a significant correlation after 5 days, but not after 8 days, of predator starvation. All feeding response parameters monitored for the predators inferred a general reduction in the capture and prey consumption activities after extended (8-day) starvation. Weight loss by satiated S. indagator occurred as a cyclic process with the highest % weight loss taking place during the first 8 hr. S. indagator lost 65% of their total body weight by the end of a 184-hr starvation period.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00335869
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  • 8
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    Studies on production and food consumption by the larval simuliidae (Diptera) of a chalk stream (1972)
    Springer
    Details
    Publication Date: 1972-05-01
    Print ISSN: 0018-8158
    Electronic ISSN: 1573-5117
    Topics: Biology
    Published by Springer
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  • 9
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    Studies on Ephemerella ignita (Poda) in a chalk stream in Southern England (1976)
    Springer
    Details
    Publication Date: 1976-06-01
    Print ISSN: 0018-8158
    Electronic ISSN: 1573-5117
    Topics: Biology
    Published by Springer
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  • 10
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    A new species of Metacnephia Crosskey (Diptera: Simuliidae) from the south of England, with notes on its habitat and biology (1975)
    Springer
    Details
    Publication Date: 1975-10-01
    Print ISSN: 0018-8158
    Electronic ISSN: 1573-5117
    Topics: Biology
    Published by Springer
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